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Biomedical subjects

T Nakayama

Publications and source records attributed to T Nakayama.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells promotes implantation rates in patients with repeated failure of IVF-embryo transfer.

BACKGROUND: There are few effective approaches to infertile patients with repeated failure in IVF-embryo transfer therapy. Since recent evidence suggests that some populations of maternal immune cells positively support embryo implantation, we have developed a new approach using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS: Patients who had not experienced successful pregnancy despite four or more IVF-embryo transfer sessions were enrolled in this study (n = 35, 35 cycles). PBMCs were obtained from patients on the day of oocyte retrieval and were cultured with HCG for 48 h. Two days later, PBMCs were freshly isolated from patients again, combined with cultured PBMC and then administered to the intrauterine cavity of the patients. Blastocyst transfer was performed on day 5, and the success of implantation in the PBMC-treated group was compared with that in the non-treated group. RESULTS: Clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and live birth rate in the PBMC-treated group (41.2, 23.4 and 35.3%; n = 17, 47 and 16, respectively) were significantly higher than those in the non-treated group (11.1, 4.1 and 5.5%; n = 18, 49 and 18, respectively). CONCLUSION: Intrauterine administration of autologous PBMC may be an effective approach to improve embryo implantation in patients with repeated IVF failures.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Expression of the cadherin-11 gene is a discriminative factor between articular and growth plate chondrocytes.

OBJECTIVE: Calcification of hypertrophic chondrocytes is the final step in the differentiation of growth plates, although the precise mechanism is not known. We have established two growth plate-derived chondrocyte cell lines, MMR14 and MMR17, from p53-/- mice (Nakamata T, Aoyama T, Okamoto T, Hosaka T, Nishijo K, Nakayama T, et al. In vitro demonstration of cell-to-cell interaction in growth plate cartilage using chondrocytes established from p53-/- mice. J Bone Miner Res 2003;18:97-107). Prolonged in vitro culture produced calcified nodules in MMR14, but not in MMR17. Factors responsible for the difference in calcification between the two cell lines may also be involved in the physiological calcification in growth plate. DESIGN: Gene expression profiles of MMR14 and MMR17 were compared using a cDNA microarray to identify candidate genes involved in the calcification process. RESULTS: Forty-five genes were identified as upregulated in MMR14, including the cadherin-11 (Cdh-11) gene. The expression of Cdh-11 in MMR14 was detected in cell-cell junctions, while no expression was observed in MMR17. Primary cultured chondrocytes from growth plate (GC) also expressed the Cdh-11, and the staining of Cdh-11 was observed in the late hypertrophic zone of growth plate. Cell aggregation assays showed that chondrocytes required Ca2+ to form nodules, and knockdown of the Cdh-11 gene expression using short interfering RNA inhibited the formation of calcified nodules in MMR14. The introduction of Cdh-11 into MMR17 failed to produce calcified nodules indicating that Cdh-11 is one, but not the sole, factor responsible for the production of calcified nodules. CONCLUSION: Although the physiological role is still unclear, Cdh-11 is a discriminative factor between articular and growth plate chondrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Study on the relationship of protease production and luminescence in Vibrio harveyi.

AIMS: To demonstrate that Vibrio harveyi produces various types of toxins and how the production of those toxins is related with luminescence. METHODS AND RESULTS: Luminescence and toxicity of eight V. harveyi were evaluated. We demonstrated that all V. harveyi emitting luminescence were isolated from marine organisms and also showed that they were highly pathogenic when compared with culture collection V. harveyi based on cytotoxic assay test. On the contrary, V. harveyi isolated from shrimp farm showed no luminescence but showed high pathogenicity based on toxicity test. The effect of protease inhibitors on pathogenicity and luminescence was also investigated. We demonstrated that light emission of pathogenic V. harveyi remarkably decreased after addition of protease inhibitor. Furthermore, extracellular proteins from cell-free culture supernatant of luminescent and nonluminescent V. harveyi were compared using SDS-PAGE analysis. Results showed that there were differences in molecular weight and amount of proteins. CONCLUSIONS: Vibrio harveyi parasiting marine organisms have both luminescence and pathogenicity. Based on this study, luminescence and protease toxin activity in V. harveyi are related. Moreover, this paper clarified that V. harveyi produces various types of toxins. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The current study demonstrated that V. harveyi produces two kinds of toxins, haemolysin and protease toxin. It may be clear roots of V. harveyi toxin.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed2006

[Carcinomatous pericarditis successfully treated with thoracoscopic pericardial fenestration; report of a case].

We report a case of malignant pericardial effusion after lung cancer surgery treated with thoracoscopic pericardial fenestration. The patient was admitted to our hospital because of dyspnea. Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound cardiography (UCG) revealed cardiac tamponade which was diagnosed as carcinomatous pericarditis by cytology. We attempted to inject 25 mg of cisplatin (CDDP) into the pericardial space twice. The response of the treatment was unexpectedly poor for the patient. The thoracoscopic pericardial fenestration was performed and the patient was discharged without a drainage tube on the 17th postoperative day. Malignant pericardial effusion is a common complication of advanced cancers and is often associated with significant morbidity. Thoracoscopic pericardial fenestration appears to be a safe, effective and minimally invasive treatment for patients with malignant pericardial effusion. This surgery might also have a favorable effect on the improvement of the quality of life for patients with malignant pericardial effusion resistant to chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

Assessment of efficacy of a live oral poliovirus vaccine for virulent Sabin-like poliovirus 1 strains in Japan.

Virulent Sabin-like poliovirus (VSLP) was isolated from river and sewage waters between October 1993 and September 1995 in Toyama Prefecture, Japan (Yoshida et al., Lancet 356, 1461-1463, 2000). In this study, to assess the possibility of an epidemic of poliomyelitis caused by a VSLP in Japan under the current vaccination policy of administration of live attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), we determined titers of serum neutralizing antibodies to poliovirus 1 (PV-1) strains Sabin (vaccine strain), Mahoney (wild-type strain) and G4-12 (VSLP) in various groups of residents of Toyama Prefecture, Japan. The seropositivity and geometric mean neutralizing antibody titers against these strains in the individuals who obtained two doses of OPV were 99.1%, 94.5% and 95.5%, respectively, and 564, 186 and 194, respectively. Although the antibody titers to G4-12 were lower compared with those to Sabin, these results indicate that the OPV vaccination policy in Japan has been effective in preventing poliomyelitis caused by VSLPs. These results also suggest that (i) an epidemic of poliomyelitis caused by a VSLP has not occurred in Japan due to herd immunity, and (ii) the possibility of reemergence of VSLPs will be prevented if sufficient herd immunity is acquired immediately after completion of the OPV vaccination in accordance with the poliomyelitis eradication program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Proposal for genetic characterisation of wild-type mumps strains: preliminary standardisation of the nomenclature.

Though mumps virus (MuV) is a monotypic virus, genetic variation between strains has been described. Viruses have been placed into genotypes designated A-L based on the nucleotide sequence of the small hydrophobic (SH) gene, which is the most variable gene in the mumps genome. Molecular characterisation of MuV is an important component of mumps surveillance because it can help identify the transmission pathways of the virus as well as distinguish between wild-type and vaccine strains. Here, we propose a standardized nomenclature and an analysis protocol for the genetic characterisation of mumps strains to facilitate expansion of molecular epidemiological studies. In addition to assigning standard reference strains for the recognized genotypes of MuV, a convention is proposed for naming for strains and criteria to designate a new genotype.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Nested polymerase chain reaction for assessing the clinical course of tuberculous meningitis.

The authors examined the usefulness of nested PCR (N-PCR) to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) DNA in CSF for assessing the clinical course of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). N-PCR successfully detected MTB DNA in all nine CSF samples from patients with suspected TBM. During anti-tuberculosis treatments, N-PCR results converted from positive to negative, correlating with the improvement of the patient's clinical condition.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Quantized conductance atomic switch.

A large variety of nanometre-scale devices have been investigated in recent years that could overcome the physical and economic limitations of current semiconductor devices. To be of technological interest, the energy consumption and fabrication cost of these 'nanodevices' need to be low. Here we report a new type of nanodevice, a quantized conductance atomic switch (QCAS), which satisfies these requirements. The QCAS works by controlling the formation and annihilation of an atomic bridge at the crossing point between two electrodes. The wires are spaced approximately 1 nm apart, and one of the two is a solid electrolyte wire from which the atomic bridges are formed. We demonstrate that such a QCAS can switch between 'on' and 'off' states at room temperature and in air at a frequency of 1 MHz and at a small operating voltage (600 mV). Basic logic circuits are also easily fabricated by crossing solid electrolyte wires with metal electrodes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Nuclear localisation of glutathione S-transferase pi is an evaluation factor for drug resistance in gynaecological cancers.

AIMS: Nuclear glutathione S-transferase pi (GST7pi) has been reported to protect cancer cells against anticancer drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical significance of nuclear GSTpi in gynaecological cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out an immunohistochemical analysis of GSTpi, and examined the correlation between nuclear GSTpi: expression and prognosis in 43 epithelial ovarian cancers. We compared expression levels before and after chemotherapy in uterine cervical cancers and endometrial cancers. RESULTS: The 5-year progression-free survival rate of the nuclear GSTpi-positive group was lower than that of the cytoplasmic GSTpi-positive group, and was significantly lower than that of the negative group (14.3% vs 34.8% vs 66.7%; P = 0.041). The expression of nuclear GSTpi was compared before and after chemotherapy in uterine cervical and endometrial cancers. In eight out of 12 cases (66.7%), the expression turned positive after the chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that nuclear localisation of GSTpi is associated with drug resistance. The nuclear localisation of GSTpi in tumour cells is a useful prognosticator, and may contribute to the selection of anticancer drugs for gynaecological cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Portal vein occlusion or stenosis in patients with hepatolithiasis: observation by multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT.

AIMS: To analyze the dynamic findings of multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT in hepatolithiasis and to elucidate occlusive changes in portal veins and other associated abnormalities. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 25 selected patients with hepatolithiasis who underwent various imaging examinations, including multiphasic contrast-enhanced CT. The following CT findings were evaluated in each of 71 hepatic segments: visualization of a calculus; biliary dilation or focal hepatic atrophy of the affected segment; areas that were abnormally enhanced in the hepatic arterial phase; degrees (normal, stenosis, occlusion) of portal vein calibre; and linear delayed enhancement along the bile-duct walls, suggesting cholangitis. RESULTS: On CT, calculi were depicted as a hyperdense structures in 61 of 71 segments (86%). Focal hepatic atrophy, which frequently accompanied CT findings suggesting compensatory hypertrophy of other segments, was seen in 50 of 71 segments (70%). Areas that were abnormally enhanced were recognized in 36 of 71 segments (51%). Stenosis or occlusion of portal venous branches was observed in 59 of 71 segments (83%), including 13 segments with occlusion. Findings indicating cholangitis were noted in 50 of 71 segments (70%). The degrees of portal vein calibre were significantly correlated with the presence of hepatic atrophy or cholangitis. CONCLUSION: Hepatolithiasis is associated with significant rates of stenosis or occlusion of adjacent portal veins as well as hepatic parenchymal changes in the affected area. Chronic deterioration of portal flow may cause these morphological changes.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Augmentation of the migratory ability of DC-based vaccine into regional lymph nodes by efficient CCR7 gene transduction.

Although dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy is considered a promising approach for cancer treatment, a large quantity of DC vaccine is required for effective sensitization/activation of immune cells because of the poor migratory ability of administered DCs into regional lymphoid tissue. In this study, we created a DC vaccine sufficiently transduced with CC chemokine receptor-7 gene (CCR7/DCs) by applying RGD fiber-mutant adenovirus vector (AdRGD), and investigated its immunological characteristics and therapeutic efficacy. CCR7/DCs acquired strong chemotactic activity for CC chemokine ligand-21 (CCL21) and exhibited an immunophenotype similar to mature DCs but not immature DCs with regard to major histocompatibility complex/costimulatory molecule-expression levels and allogenic T cell proliferation-stimulating ability, while maintaining inherent endocytotic activity. Importantly, CCR7/DCs injected intradermally into mice could accumulate in draining lymph nodes about 5.5-fold more efficiently than control AdRGD-applied DCs. Reflecting these properties of CCR7/DCs, DC vaccine genetically engineered to simultaneously express endogenous antigen and CCR7 could elicit more effective antigen-specific immune response in vivo using a lower dosage than DC vaccine transduced with antigen alone. Therefore, the application of CCR7/DCs having positive migratory ability to lymphoid tissues may contribute to reduction of efforts and costs associated with DC vaccine preparation by considerably reducing the DC vaccine dosage needed to achieve effective treatment by DC-based immunotherapy.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed2005

Modifying effects of Terminalia catappa on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in male F344 rats.

The modifying effects of dietary administration of an herb, Terminalia catappa (TC), were investigated on rat colon carcinogenesis induced by a carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM). The number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and beta-catenin accumulated crypts (BCACs) in the colon, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labelling index in the colonic epithelium were examined in a total of 36 male F344 rats. All animals were randomly divided into five experimental groups (4-10 rats in each group). At 6 weeks of age, rats in groups 1, 2 and 3 were given s.c. injections of AOM once a week for 2 weeks at a concentration of 20 mg/kg body weight. One week before the first injection of AOM, rats in groups 2 and 3 were fed a diet containing 0.02 and 0.1% TC, respectively, throughout the experiment. Rats in group 4 were fed a diet containing 0.1% TC. Rats in group 5 were served as untreated controls. All animals were sacrificed at the experimental week 5 after the start of the experiment. Oral administration of TC at both doses significantly decreased the numbers of both ACF/colon/rat (P<0.05 for 0.02% TC, P<0.005 for 0.1% TC) and BCAC/cm/rat (P<0.05 for both 0.02 and 0.1% TC), when compared with the control group (group 1). Colonic PCNA labelling index in groups 2 and 3 was also significantly lower than that in group 1 (P<0.001 for 0.02% TC, P<0.005 for 0.1% TC). These results suggest that TC has a potent short-term chemopreventive effect on biomarkers of colon carcinogenesis and this effect may be associated with the inhibition of the development of ACF and BCACs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2005

Overexpression of Ets-1 proto-oncogene in latent and clinical prostatic carcinomas.

AIMS: The high incidence of clinically diagnosed prostatic cancer is exceeded by the frequency of tumours detected at autopsy. The Ets-1 proto-oncogene is expressed by a variety of malignant and normal tissues. Therefore, in this study, expression of Ets-1 protein was investigated in 'latent' prostatic cancer detected at autopsy, compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia, normal prostatic tissues and clinical prostatic cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using immunohistochemistry, we analysed Ets-1 expression in 95 prostatic specimens including 19 cases of latent prostatic carcinoma (LPC) and 55 cases of clinical prostatic carcinoma (CPC), 11 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 10 cases of normal prostate (NP). Differences in the incidence of LPC and CPC suggest different courses for the biological progression of prostatic cancer. There was a significant difference in the degree of Ets-1 expression in CPC and LPC (P < 0.05). Ets-1 was not expressed in BPH and NP, but in malignant cases (57 of 74; 77.0%) commonly demonstrated immunoreactivity in the tumour cells. In our study the expression of Ets-1 between benign and malignant, and well, moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas of prostatic cancer showed significant differences. The presence of Ets-1 mRNA was confirmed by in-situ hybridization in human prostatic tissues. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that Ets-1 might play an important role in carcinogenesis and/or the progression of human prostatic carcinomas.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

Expression of p-STAT3 in human colorectal adenocarcinoma and adenoma; correlation with clinicopathological factors.

BACKGROUND: The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key signalling molecule implicated in the regulation of growth and malignant transformation. Constitutive activation of STAT3 is seen in several tumour derived cell lines, and in a wide variety of human malignancies. AIMS: To examine the relation between p-STAT3 (activated form of STAT3) expression and clinicopathological factors in human colorectal adenocarcinoma and adenoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analyses were carried out on tissues from 44 colorectal adenomas and 95 colorectal adenocarcinomas, comprising 18 intramucosal carcinomas and 77 invasive carcinomas. RESULTS: Seventy seven of these 139 samples (55.4%) showed immunoreactivity for p-STAT3. Positive staining for p-STAT3 was seen in 69 of the 95 carcinomas. Only eight of the 44 adenomas showed immunopositivity for p-STAT3, resulting in a significant difference between total adenocarcinomas and adenomas (p < 0.001). Among the 95 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma, p-STAT3 immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with the depth of tumour invasion (p < 0.05), venous invasion (p < 0.05), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05), and increasing stages of the Dukes' classification (p < 0.01). Expression of p-STAT3 was detected by Western blot analysis in two different cultured human colorectal carcinoma cell lines and six colon carcinoma tissue samples obtained at surgery. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to report a significant correlation of p-STAT3 expression with the depth of tumour invasion. These findings suggest that p-STAT3 expression is an important factor related to carcinogenesis and/or tumour invasion of colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Expression of the ets-1 proto-oncogene in human breast carcinoma: differential expression with histological grading and growth pattern.

The proto-oncogene, ets-1, is a transcription factor known to control the expression of a number of genes and has been postulated to play a role in cell growth, differentiation and tumour invasion. We examined 137 cases of breast carcinoma by immunohistochemistry and compared the degree of Ets-1 expression among the different histological types of invasive carcinomas. Ets-1 was not expressed in the normal breast epithelium nor in noninvasive carcinomas. Among the 137 breast carcinoma cases, 104 (83.2%) showed positive staining for the Ets-1 protein. Histologically, invasive ductal carcinomas expressed immunopositivity with intense staining for Ets-1 in the tumour cells. Ets-1 expression correlated with Bloom-Richardson grading in invasive ductal carcinoma (p<0.01). However, there was no correlation between Ets-1 expression and lymph node metastasis, "t" classification or TNM staging. In situ hybridization confirmed the presence of Ets-1 mRNA in breast carcinomas. The expression of Ets-1 mRNA was detected in two of three different kinds of cultured human breast carcinoma cell lines and one of three human breast carcinoma tissues by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. These findings suggest that ets-1 is overexpressed in ductal cells of the breast that have undergone malignant conversion and that ets-1 is one of the factors associated with tumour growth and histological differentiation of breast carcinomas.

Breast↗
PubMed2005

[Metastatic carcinoma of the adrenal gland from large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma; report of a case].

A 69-year-old man had undertaken left upper lobectomy (ND 2 a) with partial resection of the left lower lobe under the diagnosis of a primary lung cancer, T2N0M0, stage IB in June, 2002. The histopathological diagnosis was large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), T3N0M0, stage IIB. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 25. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed an enhanced tumor in the left adrenal lesion, 3 cm in diameter, in October, 2003. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a slightly low intensity mass on T1-weighted imaging and slightly high intensity on T2-weighted imaging without invasion to other organs. Tumor marker, NSE was slightly elevated on blood examination. Left adrenalectomy was performed with a surgical margin. Histopathologically, the tumor was diagnosed as metastasis of LCNEC. There is no evidence of recurrence for a year after surgery. Although a prognosis of LCNEC is poor in general, we should consider the resection of metastatic carcinoma of the adrenal gland from LCNEC for long-term survival expectantly.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed2005

[The correlation between flow pattern during cardiopulmonary bypass and patency of the coronary artery bypass grafts].

Recently the availability of transit time flow measurement (TTFM) is reported especially in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). But little is known about TTFM findings in on-pump CABG. We examined the correlation between the TTFM flow pattern and the angiography findings in on-pump CABG. The subjects consisted of 52 patients who underwent on-pump CABG and angiography early after operation. In these patients, 55 internal thoracic artery (ITA), 17 gastroepiploic artery (GEA), 13 saphenous vein graft (SVG) and 41 radial artery (RA) were tested with TTFM during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). TTFM demonstrated a diastolic filling pattern in 53 ITA, 16 GEA, 13 SVG and 36 RA. The angiography revealed that all these grafts were perfectly patent with the exception of a GEA with a flow competition pattern. TTFM revealed an abnormal flow pattern in 2 ITA (these 2 grafts were revised during CPB and the angiography demonstrated their perfect patency), 1 GEA (to and fro pattern), 0 SVG and 5 RA (the abnormal pattern was due to graft spasm in 3 of 5, and the angiography revealed their perfect patency, however, the angiography detected stenosis in the remaining 2 grafts). The present study found that the TTFM flow pattern during CPB correlated well with the angiography findings. TTFM during CPB was useful to detect graft failure, and grafts were revised safely during CPB.

Aged↗