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T Normann

Publications and source records attributed to T Normann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Incidence of different morphological types of thyroid cancer in the Nordic countries.

In order to determine the incidence of different morphological types of thyroid cancer in the Nordic countries, all cases of thyroid cancer reported to the national cancer registries of Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden over periods ranging from 1 to 14 years were re-examined (a total of 706 cases) by one or two pathologists from each country. The age-adjusted incidence rate for Iceland was clearly higher than those for the other Nordic countries. The rate for Finland was the lowest, and a five-fold difference was seen between Iceland and Finland. The differences in the incidence rates applied to all age groups and to both sexes. The differences also concerned all histological types and were more pronounced for papillary and medullary carcinomas. In papillary carcinoma, an almost 10-fold difference was found between Finland and Iceland. The causes of the differences are not known. There has been and probably still is some endemic goitre in Finland, Norway and Sweden, but no endemic goitre occurs in Iceland. Thus, no positive association was found between the presence of endemic goitre and the risk of follicular carcinoma. There was a marked negative association between endemic goitre and the risk of papillary carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Dose dependent uptake of 125I-toluidine blue of 75Se-selenomethionine in the parathyroids of rabbits.

Different dosages of 125I-toluidine blue and 75Se-selenomethionine were injected intravenously into rabbits, and the concentration of radioactivity was measured in the parathyroids and surrounding tissues. The response of i.v. injected glucagon was also determined. It was found that 0.16 mg 125I-toluidine blue gave a concentration ratio of parathyroid/thyroid and parathyroid/muscle which was significantly higher than both lower and higher doses at 1 minute after i.v. injection of the labelled dye. Glucagon had little or no effect on the uptake of 125I-toluidine blue and 75Se-selenomethionine.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Observer variation in histologic classification of thyroid cancer.

Histologic slides of 696 cases of thyroid cancer reported to the national cancer registries of Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden were reviewed by 5 Nordic pathologists in order to determine the observer variation between the pathologists, as well as the reproducibility of the WHO classification of thyroid tumours. In 58% of the cases all observers agreed upon the diagnosis and in 82% at least three of them agreed. The observer disagreement was lowest for papillary carcinoma (7%) and highest for follicular carcinoma (27%). The corresponding figures for anaplastic and medullary carcinomas were 18% and 23%, respectively. The most common diverging diagnosis for cases finally interpreted as papillary carcinoma was follicular carcinoma, and for cases finally interpreted as follicular carcinoma, a benign thyroid lesion. The results of the present study clearly indicate the necessity of having all cases reviewed by the same pathologist or group of pathologists in order to obtain reliable results for comparative studies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Blood B and T lymphocytes and in vitro cellular immune reactivity in untreated human malignant lymphomas and other malignant tumors.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes and their in vitro reactivity have been recorded prior to treatment in 18 patients with Hodgkins disease, 11 with lymposarcoma, 13 with reticulosarcoma, 20 with various solid tumors and 37 normal control persons. The mean total numbers of lymphocytes, those of T lymphocytes,and the mean reactivity to PHA and ConA were reduced in all groups except lymphosarcoma, although with varying degrees of statistical significance. The percentages of T and B lymphocytes appeared to be normal in all groups, but the ranges of values were somewhat greater than among the normal controls. The mean total numbers of B lymphocytes were normal in all patient groups. All reductions seemed to be more pronounced in patients with disseminated than in those with localized disease, but none of these differences was statistically significant. All patient groups appeared to have reduced reactivity in MLC, while the ability to stimulate control lymphocytes was nearly normal. The results fail to indicate an in vitro immunological abberation specific to Hodgkin's disease. It seems that human malignant, neoplastic diseases are associated with a relatively selective reduction of the total numbers and reactivity of blood T lymphocytes. Various explanations of the reactivity impairment are proposed. The pathogenesis of the reduction of the total number of blood T lymphocytes remains obscure.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Secretion of calcitonin and gastrin in rats with transplanted medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Rats transplanted with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MCT) were followed with radio-immuno assay of serum calcitonin (iCT) using antisera to human CT and I125 labelled calcitonin-M. From the 4th month after transplantation, serum from the tumour rats contained iCT in concentrations 8-10 fold higher than serum from the control rats. The tumour cells had retained their ability to react on pentagastrin and calcium injections with increased CT release. It was further shown that the tumour bearing rats had elevated basal gastrin concentratkons in serum. While calcium injection lead to a rise in the serum gastrin concentration in the control group, the adverse effect was seen in the tumour bearing rats. The morphological features and the responsiveness of the rat tumour cells to physiological secretagogues make this tumour a suitable animal model for the study of interactions between CT and gastro-intestinal factors. It is suggested that the gastrin response to calcium might be of interest also in the diagnosis of human MCT.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland in Norway. Serum calcitonin in 300 relatives of 43 patients.

Measurements of serum calcitonin (iCT) were performed in 300 relatives of 43 Norwegian patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MCT). Prior to the screening, familial occurrence of the disease was known in only one of the families. Persistant hypercalcitoninemia (serum levels greater than 0.50 ng/ml) was demonstrated in 2 healthy persons from this family and in 3 first degree relatives of 2 patients with apparently sporadic disease. Additional 7 relatives of 5 other "sporadic" cases showed elevation of serum iCT on one occasion, while later controls revealed normal values. Twenty persons had high normal serum levels (0.35 ng/ml less than or equal to iCT less than 0.50 ng/ml). The significance of transitory hypercalcitoninemia and high normal values are at the present unknown, but these persons will have further tests. Stimulation tests for iCT secretion were found to be of limited value in distinguishing between normal and pathological serum iCT. All individuals found to have chronic hypercalcitoninemia belonged to families in which the probands showed one or several of the following "high risk" factors: A positive history of thyroid disease, early age of onset, bilateral presence of the thyroid tumour, association with other endocrine or peripheral neurogenic tumours, and marphanoid habitus. The iCT screening was however negative in the relatives of the two probands revealing 4 and 5 of these factors. Since neither the family history nor the presence or absence of "high risk" factors distinguished between sporadic and familial cases, it is concluded that serum iCT measurements should be carried out in primary relatives of all patients with MCT.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Diagnostic problems.

Light microscopy is usually considered sufficient for the diagnosis of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT). As stromal amyloid is not always present and the tumor may exhibit great variation in growth pattern, light microscopy alone, however, may lead to misinterpretations. Of 1670 thyroid carcinomas registered durging a 15-year period in Norway, 42 were originally interpreted as MCT. The slides were reviewed and the diagnosis maintained in 33 cases only. Twenty-four additional cases were found by reviewing histopathologic slides from neoplasms originally registered as other types of thyroid tumors. Of 57 cases of MCT, stromal amyloid was demonstrated in 43. Calcitonin measurements and electron microscopy, even on formalin-fixed material, were valuable aids in establishing the correct diagnosis, though none of these methods are unequivocal. Different aspects of the problems concerning the diagnosis of MCT are discussed through the detailed presentation of five patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid in Norway. Clinical course and endocrinological aspects.

A study of the clinical, biochemical and histological findings of 57 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MCT) in Norway, is presented. The diagnosis was established by light and electron microscopy and by measurements of immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT) in serum. The major factor influencing the prognosis was the extension of the disease at presentation. None of the 24 patients with tumour confined to the thyroid gland have died of the disease, and serum iCT was normal in 15 patients. Of 19 patients with regional lymph node metastes only 11 are alive 1 to 14 years after treatment, and of these 9 had increased serum iCt. 14 patients technically inoperable and/or with distant metastases, 12 have died of MCT, 1 are alive with elevated serum iCT. Of 14 patients with raised serum iCT, 8 have no clinical recurrence of the disease from 1 to 15 years after the operation. MCT-associated diseases were found in 8 patients, chronic thyroiditis in 10. Serum iCT was measured in 249 relatives of 42 patients, and abnormal elevations were found in 11 members of 6 families.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Radioimmunoassay of human calcitonin in serum and tissue from healthy individuals and patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

A specific radioimmunological method for measurement of immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT) in human serum and tissue is decribed. Of healthy individuals of both sexes, 85% had measurable iCT in serum (mean, 0.23 ng/ml). Of 29 patients who had received treatment for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland (MCT), 19 had increased serum iCT (0.60 ng/ml to 205 ng/ml). Elevated serum iCT was also found preoperatively in 2 MCT patients. Eleven of the patients with abnormal elevations of serum iCT were alive 4 to 13 years after the operation. Concentration of iCT in extracts from MCT varied from 0.5 to 540 ng/ml wet weight. The diagnostic value of this method and its importance for pre- and post-operative evaluation of these patients are improved by the use of selective venous catheterization in basal state and during stimulation of CT secretion.

Adult↗