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T Norseth

Publications and source records attributed to T Norseth.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Human nickel exposure in an area polluted by nickel refining: the Sør-Varanger study.

Sør-Varanger municipality in northern Norway is located close to two Russian nickel refineries that cause nickel and sulfur dioxide pollution. To investigate individual nickel exposure and possible health effects from the pollution, the authors invited all adults who were 18-69 y of age to a health survey in 1994. Urine samples were collected from 3671 participants (participation rate = 59.4%), and nickel concentrations were determined for 902 of them. Mean and median nickel concentrations were 0.9 microg/l and 0.6 microg/l, respectively. Individuals who lived in the rural areas closest to the refineries had lower nickel concentrations than individuals who lived in the more urban areas. Independent risk factors for nickel concentrations in urine were (a) being an urban dweller and (b) living close to areas with high-density traffic. The authors concluded that nickel exposure attributable to air pollution from Russian refineries was of minor importance for people who lived in Sør-Varanger.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Asbestos and metals as carcinogens.

Increased incidences of lung carcinoma and pleural mesothelioma in humans exposed to asbestos have been irrefutably established. Different forms of asbestos may have different tumorigenic activities, depending on surface properties, durability, and size of the fibers. A number of metals, such as nickel, chromium, and arsenic, are known to be carcinogenic to humans; for beryllium and cadmium the epidemiologic evidence is less extensive. All these metals also induce genetic toxicity in vitro. For chromium the molecular mechanism of metal tumorigenesis has been extensively investigated; the hexavalent form is generally a much more potent mutagen than is chromium (III). Solubility seems to be necessary for the genotoxicity of nickel. At present it cannot be concluded that all metals act by the same carcinogenic mechanism, even though direct modification of DNA seems to be the common experimental finding.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer hazards caused by nickel and chromium exposure.

An increased risk of cancer associated with nickel refining and with chromate production has been known for some decades. The occupational exposure pattern of both nickel and chromium is very complex. Even though nickel carbonyl is an experimental carcinogen, there are no data supporting its carcinogenicity in humans. Nickel subsulfide may be the most potent carcinogen among the different nickel compounds. A correlation between lung cancer and exposure to chromates has been shown in several studies. As yet, there are no epidemiologic data indicating carcinogenicity of chromium(III) salts. Hexavalent chromium, however, has been suggested as the causative carcinogen among platers and ferrochromium workers. There is an urgent need for careful dose registration before a quantitative cancer risk analysis can be performed for the nickel and chromium industry.

Chromium↗