PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Numata

Publications and source records attributed to T Numata.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Detection of selenium in generalized and localized argyria: report of four cases with X-ray microanalysis.

Electron microscopic and X-ray microanalytic studies were performed on four cases of argyria; one generalized and three localized. Deposition of electron dense granules was predominantly found on elastic fibers and around basal laminas of secretory portions of eccrine glands, although the amount of deposition was much less in the case of generalized argyria. In all four cases, X-ray microanalysis revealed that the depositions consisted mainly of silver, selenium, and sulfur. The importance of selenium in the detoxification of heavy metals was discussed.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1992

[A contralateral external carotid-middle cerebral artery bypass operation--a new procedure of vascular reconstruction in the treatment of head and neck carcinoma requiring carotid resection].

In the treatment of head and neck carcinoma involving the carotid artery, resection of the carotid artery and direct reconstruction using a vein graft has commonly been employed to reduce the incidence of cerebral ischemic complications. But the procedure of carotid grafting itself carries the risk of preventing complete tumor clearance. And contamination due to salivary fistula, particularly in cases of meso or hypopharyngeal carcinoma, may result in graft rupture or thrombosis. To overcome these difficulties, the authors have developed a new surgical procedure, namely, a contralateral external carotid-middle cerebral artery bypass operation. This bypass system is designed at directly supplying the cerebral hemisphere on the carotid ligation side through a vein graft running entirely outside the cervical operative field. The vein graft is anastomosed end-to side to the external carotid artery of the opposite side. Then it is placed subcutaneously in front of the auricle, above the zygomatic arch, frontal subgaleal space and anastomosed end-to-side to the recipient artery, the ascending branch of the middle cerebral artery, in the Broca area of the carotid ligation side. The neck is incised almost the same manner as in parotidectomy, with a slightly longer cervical extension, and the scalp by bilateral coronal incision of Sutta. A frontotemporal osteoplastic craniotomy of the involved side is performed. The length of the saphenous vein used is about 50cm. This surgical procedure requires no transient internal or external shunt. The common carotid artery can be ligated safely after confirming good post-anastomotic bypass flow using an electro-magnetic blood flow meter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1992

[Six cases of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis].

Six patients with asymptomatic primary pulmonary Cryptococcosis are reported. In all of the patients, the disease was detected by annual chest X-ray during mass screening for lung cancer or during follow-up for pulmonary tuberculosis or gastric cancer. The chest X-ray findings consisted of a solitary pulmonary nodule in 4 patients and multiple pulmonary nodules in 2. Only one patient who could not be histologically diagnosed by bronchofiberscopy underwent surgical resection. However, the other 5 patients were histologically diagnosed by transbronchial biopsy with bronchofiberscopy. They were treated with oral antifungal agents, namely flucytosine (5-FC) and/or fluconazole, with marked improvement of chest X-ray findings. These results indicate that transbronchial biopsy with bronchofiberscopy and oral administration of antifungal agents instead of initial surgical resection are useful in the diagnosis and treatment of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Patterns of relapse in patients with small cell lung cancer--the effect of chest irradiation and prophylactic cranial irradiation combined with intensive chemotherapy on long-term survival].

The pattern of relapse was analyzed in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Of 180 patients treated with intensive combination chemotherapy between 1976 and 1987, 75 achieved complete response (CR). Of 47 patients with limited disease (LD), 20 (43%) initially relapsed in the chest and 7 (15%) in the brain. Among 27 patients with extensive disease (ED), the chest was also the most frequent site of relapse (44%) followed by the brain (19%). In LD patients who had received chemotherapy plus chest irradiation, the initial relapse rate and the cumulative relapse rate in the chest at 2 years were only 29% and 35.4%, respectively. These rates were significantly lower compared with the rates of 69% and 76.5% for patients who had received chemotherapy alone (p less than 0.05). Survival was improved to some extent by the addition of chest irradiation, but not significantly, however, the long-term survival rate favored those receiving chest irradiation. Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) reduced the frequency of brain relapse and significantly improved the survival of SCLC patients achieving CR. The median survival time and 5-year survival rate of patients who received PCI were 23.1 months and 26.7%, which these figures were only 14.0 months and 8.3% for those who had not respectively. Analysis using Cox's proportional hazard model showed that PCI was the greatest prognostic factor favoring the SCLC patients achieving CR. These results indicate that chest irradiation and PCI in conjunction with intensive combination chemotherapy are effective for cases of SCLC with CR.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Progress and obstacles in chemotherapy and combined modality treatment of small cell lung cancer].

In order to assess the development of treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC), we analyzed a total of 183 patients who had been entered into our protocol studies since 1976. Between 1976 and 1981, 39 patients (20 LD and 19 ED) received COMP, a 4-drug combination of cyclophosphamide (CTX), vincristine (VCR), methotrexate and procarbazine. During the period, chest irradiation (RT) was optimal for those with LD. Between 1981 and 1986, 112 patients (56 each of LD and ED) were treated with a cyclic alternating chemotherapy (CT) of COMP and VAN, a 3-drug combination of etoposide (VP-16), adriamycin (ADM) and nimustine. In this study, we randomized patients with LD either to receive CT alone or CT plus RT of 40 Gy to assess the role of RT in the treatment of LD. Thereafter, a pilot study of CAV-PVP hybrid CT has been conducted in 32 patients (16 each of LD and ED), in which CTX, ADM and VCR were given on day 1 (CAV), and cisplatin on day 8 and VP-16 on days 8 and 9 (PVP). RT was administered mandatory to LD in this study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Small cell lung cancer; a retrospective analysis of results of chemotherapy and chemo-radiotherapy].

In order to assess the development of treatments and the curability of small cell lung cancer, we analysed a total of 239 patients entered in our protocol study since 1976. Median survival time was 68 weeks for 127 patients with limited disease and 48 weeks for 112 with extensive disease. Three-year survival rate was 18% for those with limited disease, whereas it was only 5% for extensive disease. The median survival time and long-term disease-free survival rate has been improved with an introduction of aggressive chemotherapy including new drugs such as etoposide and cisplatin. Chest irradiation in addition to intensive chemotherapy played a substantial, but not significant, role for prolonging patient survival in those with limited disease. Nevertheless, the pace of therapeutic advances has been slowed and appears to reach a plateau. In this paper, the authors try to find some obstacles in the treatment of the disease, and to indicate some strategies to gain a progress.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Beneficial effect of cisplatin based combination chemotherapy on adenocarcinoma of the lung].

Cisplatin (CDDP) based combination chemotherapy has improved the response rate of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the survival benefit of CDDP-based chemotherapy in patients with NSCLC is still controversial. In order to determine whether CDDP had a meaningful impact on the course of NSCLC, the survival of patients treated by combination chemotherapy containing CDDP (CDDP arm: PVB; CDDP + vindesine + bleomycin, VIP; vindesine + ifosfamide + CDDP) was compared with that treated by chemotherapy without CDDP (no CDDP arm: COMP; cyclophosphamide + vincristine + methotrexate + procarbazine, MVB; mitomycin C + vindesine + bleomycin), retrospectively. Survival in CDDP arm (median survival time [MST]; 10.2 months) was significantly longer than in the no-CDDP arm (MST; 6.9 months) (p less than 0.01). These results indicate that CDDP-based combination chemotherapy can not only improve response rate but also prolong survival of NSCLC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Small cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis of results of chemotherapy and combined modality treatment].

In order to assess the development of treatments and the curability of SCLC, we analyzed a total of 181 patients entered in our protocol studies since 1976. Between 1976 and 1981, 37 patients (20 LD and 17 ED) were treated with COMP, a 4-drug combination of cyclophosphamide (CTX), vincristine (VCR), methotrexate, and procarbazine. During the period, chest irradiation (RT) was administered optionally to those with LD. Between 1981 and 1986, 112 patients (56 each of LD and ED) were treated with a cyclic alternating chemotherapy of the COMP and VAN, a 3-drug combination of etoposide (VP-16), adriamycin (ADM), and nimustine. In this study, we randomized LD patients either to receive CT alone or CT plus chest RT of 40 Gy to assess the role of chest RT in the treatment of patients in LD. Complete responders were also randomized either to receive prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) or not. Thereafter, a pilot phase II study of a hybrid regimen has been conducted in 32 patients (16 each of LD and ED), in which CTX, ADM and VCR (CAV) was given on day 1, and cisplatine and VP-16 (PVP) on days 8 and 9. Chest RT was administered mandatory to LD in this study. The median survival time (MST) has been prolonged with an improvement in response rate over CT in both LD and ED: MST of LD was 10 months for COMP, 14 months for COMP-VAN, and not achieved for CAV-PVP hybrid regimen (13 of 16 patients alive between 10 and months), while that of ED was 8 months for COMP, 11 months for COMP-VAN, and 13 months for CAV-PVP hybrid regimen. The randomized study comparing CT alone and CT plus chest RT revealed that chest RT played a substantial, but not significant, for long survival in LD. Finally 13 of 149 patients treated between 1976 and 1986 were long-term, disease-free survivors beyond 2 years (12 LD and 1 ED). Two of them who had not received PCI had a relapse in the brain, but the remaining 11 patients are alive and disease-free between 28 and 84 months. These results imply that SCLC is potentially curable, but it will be difficult to achieve a cure in a substantial proportion of patients with the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Pilot phase II study of hybrid chemotherapy of CAV-PVP in small cell lung cancer (SCLC)].

A pilot phase II study of a hybrid chemotherapy for SCLC has been conducted between October 1986 and March 1988. Dose and schedule of the regimen were as follows: CTX, 700 mg/m2, on day 1; ADM 30 mg/m2, on day 1; VCR, 1.4 mg/m2, on day 1 (CAV); and CDDP, 60 mg/m2, on day 8; VP-16, 100 mg/m2, on days 8 and 9 (PVP). Courses were repeated q. 4 weeks up to 6 cycles. Patients with LD received chest irradiation at a dose of 50 Gy when maximal response was achieved. Thirty-six patients were fully evaluated for tumor response and toxicity. All 18 patients with LD responded to the regimen including 11 CRs (61%); there were 7 CRs (39%) and 9 PRs (50%) in patients with ED. Fourteen of the 18 patients with LD have survived for 7 to 22 months, against 12.8 months in ED patients. The major toxicity was myelosuppression, but it was well tolerated. These results indicate that hybrid chemotherapy is highly effective for SCLC, and warrants further clinical trials.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Metal hypersensitivity in dentists: a patch test study.

Patch test of dental alloys was conducted on dentists in the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Hiroshima University School of Dentistry. The positive rate of the first patch test in the test group was 47.1%, and that in the control group was 10.0%, showing a large difference between the two groups. Furthermore, a second patch test was conducted on those who showed a positive response together with pustular or follicular reaction. As neither positive response nor pustular or follicular reaction was observed in the second patch test, the results were regarded as negative. Only a very slight difference in the positive rate could be observed when the results of the two tests were combined. The results of the present study suggest that the possibility is small for dentists to develop metal hypersensitivity in normal clinical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The release of prostaglandin D2 from human skin in vivo and in vitro during immediate allergic reactions.

1. The release of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) during immediate allergic reactions in human skin was investigated in vivo and in vitro. 2. Skin exudates were collected from abraded sites on the thigh of atopic subjects sensitive to D. pteronyssinus antigen and from non-atopic control subjects. Challenge with antigen caused the release of PGD2 and histamine, but not PGE2, from the skin of the atopic subjects. The molar ratio of histamine to PGD2 was about 140:1. Control subjects were unresponsive. 3. PGD2 was released from passively sensitized human skin challenged with antigen in vitro. The time course was similar in vitro and in vivo. The ratio of histamine to PGD2 in vitro was 78:1. 4. The identities of the prostaglandins were confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay to PGD2 and PGE2. 5. PGD2 is the major arachidonic acid cyclo-oxygenase product synthesized by human mast cells. It is pro-inflammatory in human skin but its functions as a mediator in immediate hypersensitivity reactions in human skin are not clear. The results of this study suggest that, relative to histamine, PGD2 contributes little to the oedema and erythema of immediate reactions in human skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prostaglandin D2 release by guinea pig skin during in vitro anaphylaxis induced by antigen and compound 48/80.

The release of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and histamine induced by antigen and compound 48/80 was studied using an in vitro model of anaphylaxis in guinea pig skin. Abdominal skin from ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs was cut into 0.5-1.0 mm-thick slices which were incubated in Tyrode solution at 37 degrees C with or without either ovalbumin or 48/80. Released PGD2 and PGE2 were measured by radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Release of PGD2 was detectable at 2 min after challenge (50 micrograms/ml ovalbumin), reaching a maximum at about 15 min. Histamine release was more rapid, achieving 50% of maximum at about 4 min compared to about 7 min for PGD2. In 11 experiments incubation with ovalbumin (50 micrograms/ml for 10 min) induced a significant 6-fold increase in PGD2 compared to unchallenged controls (399 +/- 53 and 67 +/- 19 ng/g dry weight skin, respectively; mean +/- SEM) and a net 47.2% histamine release. In contrast, a smaller (27%) rise in PGE2 was found. Indomethacin (14 microns) completely suppressed evoked PGD2 and PGE2 synthesis without evident effect on histamine release, suggesting that the release of histamine in this model is not dependent on prostaglandin production. The mast cell degranulating agent compound 48/80 (50 micrograms/ml) released significant amounts of PGD2 (340 +/- 86 ng/g skin compared to 89 +/- 30 ng/g for control skin, n = 5) but had no appreciable effect on PGE2. These results show that guinea pig skin can synthesize significant quantities of PGD2 in anaphylactic reactions. Prostaglandin D2 produced in acute allergic reactions in skin in vivo may contribute to the inflammatory reaction, either directly or in synergism with other mediators.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1987

Serum transferrin receptor as a new index of erythropoiesis.

Serum transferrin receptors were measured by a sandwich radioimmunoassay procedure in patients with iron deficiency anemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and aplastic anemia. The mean circulating transferrin receptor concentration of normal subjects and patients with iron deficiency anemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia and aplastic anemia are 253 +/- 82 ng/mL, 730 +/- 391 ng/mL, 1,426 +/- 1,079 ng/mL, and 182 +/- 39 ng/mL, respectively. The values for those with iron deficiency anemia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia were significantly higher than that of normal controls and the values for those with aplastic anemia were lower than that of normal controls. After iron supplementation in iron deficiency anemia, the serum transferrin receptor values increased twofold over those of pretreatment values. This increase parallels an increase in peripheral reticulocytes. Therefore, the number of circulating transferrin receptors in anemic patients may reflect the level of bone marrow erythropoiesis and is a potentially useful new index for red cell production.

Anemia↗
PubMed1986

Anticancer drug sensitivity by human tumor clonogenic assay.

The anticancer drug sensitivity of human cancers was tested by the human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA). Of 152 human cancer specimens tested, 63 (41%) formed more than 30 tumor cell colonies in control plates and could be used to evaluate the drug sensitivity of tumor cells. In 42 (93%) of 45 clinical trials in 24 patients, a parallel correlation was observed between the in vitro anticancer drug sensitivity measured by the HTCA and the clinical response of tumors to anticancer drugs. These results suggest that the HTCA is a good technique for the in vitro test of the anticancer drug sensitivity of human cancers.

Agar↗