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Biomedical subjects

T Odaka

Publications and source records attributed to T Odaka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Interspecific complementation between mouse and Chinese hamster cell mutants hypersensitive to ionizing radiation.

Interspecific and intraspecific hybrids were formed between mouse and Chinese hamster cell mutants hypersensitive to ionizing radiation and their radiosensitivities were examined. Chinese hamster cell mutants irs1, irs2 and irs3 and mouse mammary carcinoma cell mutants SX9 and SX10 have been found to belong to five different complementation groups. A radiosensitive mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y-S has been demonstrated to be different from the X-ray sensitive mouse cell mutants M10 and LX830, both of which are derived from L5178Y cells, in their complementation groups. L5178Y-S is also distinct from SX9 and SX10.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The study of tumor necrosis factor beta gene polymorphism in lung cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: In recent years numerous reports have discussed the relationship between the human leukocyte antigen and lung cancer. However, the genetic background of lung cancer has not yet been precisely clarified. METHODS: To investigate the genetic background of lung cancer, the human leukocyte antigens in 159 normal healthy control subjects and 102 lung cancer patients were studied, and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) beta gene in 165 normal healthy control subjects and 135 lung cancer patients was performed. RESULTS: Lung cancer patients showed a high frequency of human leukocyte antigen B61; however, no statistical difference was found. In the lung cancer patients, the TNF beta 10.5/10.5-kb allele was found at a low frequency, 38.5%, compared to 53.3% in normal controls (chi 2 = 7.51, P = 0.011, corrected P = 0.033, relative risk = 0.77). In the relationship between the histologic types and the TNF beta gene, the TNF beta 10.5/10.5-kb allele showed low frequencies: 38.5% in adenocarcinoma, 38.2% in squamous cell carcinoma, and 27.8% in small cell carcinoma, although no statistical difference was shown. In relation to the postoperative survival period, the TNF beta 10.5/10.5-kb allele was associated with prolonged survival. CONCLUSIONS: The TNF beta 10.5/10.5-kb allele may be associated with resistance to lung cancer and with a better prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

A visual data analysis system for the medical image processing.

We developed a visual data analysis system that can easily manage a large volume of medical imaging data. This system can analyze sets of imaging data using general image processing methods, so that various kinds of medical imaging data such as ECG charts, X ray image films, and MRI images, can be processed. The system has a graphical user interface (GUI). A physician who is novice at the system can manipulate the imaging data intuitively by pull down menus, pop up menus and buttons within the window system. The system can run on a standard UNIX workstation which is faster and more powerful than most personal computers. The system needs an X window system/Motif and C compiler. These are standard system programs already available on most UNIX workstations. The source code of the system can be retrieved from our anonymous ftp site via Internet.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1994

A general purpose neural network simulator system for medical data processing.

We developed a general purpose neural network simulator system for medical data processing. This system has a flexible network definition language. Users can define arbitrary hierarchical neural networks using the definition language to analyze medical data that contains some complex patterns. The learning algorithm used in this system is back propagation. Learning curves are displayed on multiple windows. This is a general purpose system, so it can be used for various kinds of medical data processing such as one dimensional signal processing or two dimensional image processing. The system can run on a standard UNIX workstation, which is faster and more powerful than most personal computers. The system needs an X window system/Motif and C compiler. These are standard system programs already available on most UNIX workstations. The source code of the system can be retrieved from our anonymous ftp site via Internet.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

A flexible random allocation program for multi-institutional clinical trials.

This paper describes a flexible random allocation program that assigns treatments to patients according to their prognostic factors in multi-institutional clinical trials. The source lists are available in the appendix of this paper. This program is based on Pocock and Simon's minimization method and Zelen's method for institution balancing. The numbers of institutions, treatments, and prognostic factors can be set arbitrarily. The maximum number of institutions, treatments, or prognostic factors that can be accommodated by the program is limited only by the size of the main memory. For example, an IBM-PC with a 640KB main memory can run a program of 1500 institutions, 4 treatments and 20 prognostic factors.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Two cases of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis treated by acemetacin.

The report deals with two cases of eosinophilic pustular folliculitis in a 45-year-old man and a 25-year-old woman. After their conditions failed to respond to oral and topical corticosteroids, minocycline, anti-allergic drugs, aspirin and several types of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, good results were obtained with acemetacin.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Patient registration and treatment allocation in multicenter clinical trials using a FAX-OCR system.

This article describes the design and results of implementation of an automated patient registration and treatment allocation system (RETAS) used in multicenter clinical trials. RETAS was developed using a FAX-OCR system by which handwritten Japanese and English characters, as well as numericals and forms with check boxes, are sent from participating institutions by Fax, processed using an optical character reader, and then transmitted to a host computer at a statistical center. Based on the facsimile data, RETAS can automatically review eligibility, collect patient identification data and provide a randomized treatment allocation. RETAS permits uninterrupted, unattended operation at a statistical center, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Therefore, it drastically decreases the workload of personnel at the statistical center needed to support central telephone registration coverage. Consequently, staff members are free to focus on patient registration, treatment allocation, and follow-up of patients. The treatment allocation procedure in this system is based on Pocock and Simon's minimization method combined with Zelen's method for institution balancing. By this system it was possible to balance treatment numbers for each level of various prognostic factors over an entire trial and, at the same time, balance the allocation of treatments within an institution. The system currently supports the protocol of a clinical trial for Adjuvant Chemo-Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer in West Japan.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1993

Temperature-sensitive mouse cell factors for strand-specific initiation of poliovirus RNA synthesis.

Two cell lines, TgSVA and TgSVB, were established from the kidneys of transgenic mice carrying the human gene encoding poliovirus receptor. The cells were highly susceptible to poliovirus infection, and a large amount of infectious particles was produced in the infected cells at 37 degrees C. However, the virus yield was greatly reduced at 40 degrees C. This phenomenon was common to all mouse cells tested. To identify the temperature-sensitive step(s) of the virus infection cycle, different steps of the infection cycle were examined for temperature sensitivity. The results strongly suggested that the growth restriction observed at 40 degrees C was due to reduced efficiency of the initiation process of virus-specific RNA synthesis. Furthermore, this restriction appeared to occur only on the synthesis of positive-strand RNA. Virus-specific RNA synthesis in crude replication complexes was not affected by the nonpermissive temperature of 40 degrees C. In vitro uridylylation of VPg seemed to be temperature sensitive only after prolonged incubation at 40 degrees C. These results indicate that a specific host factor(s) is involved in the efficient initiation process of positive-strand RNA synthesis of poliovirus and that the host factor(s) is temperature sensitive in TgSVA and TgSVB cells.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1992

A visual field quantification system for the Goldmann Perimeter.

We have developed a visual field quantification system that can accurately quantify the measurement results by the Goldmann Perimeter (GP). This system calculates the plural indexes introduced in published papers. In recent years, several isopter quantification methods have been proposed. In these methods, the isopters are digitized and the data are input into a computer, after which a computer program evaluates the changes in the isopters quantitatively. However, each program is only able to evaluate private indexes. We have developed a system that quantifies data using multiple methods. This system used five methods that have been introduced in published papers. With this system, a physician can analyze GP data with multiple methods and can diagnose diseases accurately. We have already input about 2500 GP recording papers into the computer by this system. We then calculated the plural indexes, and visualized the temporal changes in the perimetry.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

The effect of a multiple literature database search--a numerical evaluation in the domain of Japanese life science.

In literature database searching, we show that it is necessary to use plural databases for a more improved search. We also compare the results of a single database search with that of multiple database search in the domain of Japanese life sciences. We searched the MEDLINE and EMBASE using the same search terms. There were some differences in the results, owing to differences in the journals and recording methods. We herein show some of the differences in the journals contained in both databases. Furthermore, we show the differences in the number of papers derived from the same journal. Next, as an example of a practical search, we selected some universities in Japan, searched both databases regarding papers published from these universities and then merged the results by hand. According to our results, only 63% of all papers were common to both databases.

Biological Science Disciplines↗
PubMed1991

Clinical features of the differentiated and undifferentiated types of advanced gastric carcinoma: univariate and multivariate analyses.

This study was done to define clinical features for the different pathological types of advanced gastric carcinoma. One thousand one hundred three patients were identified and classified into two groups: 479 patients (43.4%) had a differentiated adenocarcinoma and 624 patients (56.6%) had an undifferentiated adenocarcinoma. Patients with the undifferentiated type were more likely to have large invasive tumors and a higher incidence of peritoneal dissemination. Conversely, the patients with the differentiated type were more likely to have a liver metastasis. Multivariate analysis, using Cox' proportional hazard model adjusted for sex, age, and other factors, suggested that tumor size was one of the seven most independent prognostic factors in patients with the undifferentiated type (relative risk = 1.01), but this parameter lost prognostic value in patients with the differentiated type. With regard to correlation between survival time and tumor size, the larger the tumor (over 10 cm), the shorter the survival time of patients with the undifferentiated type, as compared to findings in patients with the differentiated type (P less than 0.01). Thus, differences in clinical characteristics, including characteristics in the individual patients, extent of tumor, distant metastasis, prognostic factors, and prognosis correlate with the histopathological type of gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Micro-mainframe-like personal clinical research system.

We constructed a micro-mainframe-link clinical research system for personal use (Personal Clinical Research System). This system was developed with both a mainframe computer and a personal computer (PC). The prepared programs included a database manager (on the mainframe computer), a user interface program (on the PC), and a communication control program that connected the mainframe computer with the PC. The database on the mainframe computer was constructed by two methods. The first method was to transmit data from the PC to the mainframe computer. The second method was to extract data from the patient information database. Using this system, a physician is able to construct a personal research database that contains interesting data for the physician. In addition, the physician is able to accumulate data on a special field using this system. A discharge summary system is now in operation as an example of this system.

Computers, Mainframe↗
PubMed1991

A random allocation system with the minimization method for multi-institutional clinical trials.

This paper describes the random allocation system used to perform precise and rapid treatment assignments in multi-institutional clinical trials. This system is based on sophisticated randomization procedures, according to Pocock and Simon's minimization method and Zelen's method for institution balancing. The major advantage of randomized treatment assignments with this system is to balance treatment numbers for each level of various prognostic factors over the entire trial and at the same time balance the allocation of treatments within an institution. Therefore, the randomized treatment assignments by this system can prevent degrading of the statistical power of a particular treatment factor. This system is designed to run on a small-sized notebook computer and therefore can be set up beside a telephone for registration, without occupying a large space. At present, this system is conveniently being used in two clinical trials.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1991

Death due to recurrence following curative resection of early gastric cancer depends on age of the patient.

This study was done to define the relationship between age at the time of surgery and the prognosis after curative resection for patients with an early gastric cancer. Three hundred and eighty-two patients were identified and 25 patients died of tumour recurrence. Overall, the cumulative survival rate was 94.9% at 5 years and 92.4% at 10 years. Patients with a recurrence of the gastric cancer tended to be older, were more likely to have large differentiated type of tumour and lymph node metastases were often present. Stratified into age-classified groups, the survival rate decreased with increase of age (for patients under age 34 years, 35 to 44, 45 to 54, 55 to 64, 65 to 74, over age 75 years, the 5-year survival rates were 100.0, 97.7, 97.6, 94.2, 94.1 and 84.4 (%]. Of the 25 patients with a tumour recurrence and who died, the survival time of 18 patients over age 55 years was significantly shorter than that of seven patients under age 54 years (median, 1.7 vs 5.6 years, P less than 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that, over and above the differentiated type of tumour (P less than 0.01) and the presence of lymph node metastases (P less than 0.01), age was one of the prognostic factors (P less than 0.05). We conclude that age at the time of primary surgery is a significant factor in patients with an early gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Biochemical and immunological characterization of murine leukemia viruses that are paralysis-inducing in rats.

The molecular size and pI of the viral structural proteins of four PVC viruses (PVC111, PVC211, PVC321 and PVC441) were compared by single or two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. PVC111 had slightly larger p15E and gPr85 molecules (about 0.5 kilodalton) than did the other PVC viruses. On the other hand, the virion structural proteins p30, p15, p12E and p12 from all the viruses had the same molecular sizes and pIs. The gp70s and p10s from all the viruses showed the same molecular sizes. A monoclonal antibody to gp70 of PVC321 virus recognized the gp70s of all PVC viruses, but not the gp70s of four clones of the wild mouse ecotropic viruses, Friend murine leukemia viruses (F-MuLV), AKR ecotropic MuLV, dual-tropic F-MuLV or NZB endogenous xenotropic MuLV, revealing that these four PVC viruses are homologous with each other, but distinct from the known mouse retroviruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Tissue reaction of the bone marrow to glass ceramic powder in the femurs of rats fed on a low-calcium diet].

Glass ceramic powder was injected into the bone marrow of 36 rats which were fed a low calcium (21 rats) or normal (15 rats) diet. They were sacrificed 7 or 8, 32 and 60 days after treatment. Histomorphometrical measurement revealed that the ratio of length of bone tissue which was in contact with glass ceramic mass to the circumference of each mass was larger in 32-day and 60-day groups than in the 7 or 8-day groups. Osteocyte-like cells were observed in the narrow space between ceramics and bone tissue in all specimens. Giant cells were seen in 1-2% of the glass ceramic surfaces in low calcium diet group and in 0.3% in normal diet group. No inflammatory reaction such as aggregation of lymphocytes nor leukocyte infiltration was observed in any specimens. Eighty-two percent of the surface of glass ceramic mass was covered with bone tissue 60 days after treatment in normal diet group.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Relationship between the cellular resistance to Friend murine leukemia virus infection and the expression of murine leukemia virus-gp70-related glycoprotein on cell surface of BALB/c-Fv-4wr mice.

Fv-4r is a dominant resistance gene which controls resistance of mice to exogenous infection with ecotropic murine leukemia viruses. Cell lines with various degrees of resistance to ecotropic Friend murine leukemia virus infection were established from BALB/c-Fv-4wr mice which are partially congenic with BALB/c. The degree of resistance of these cell lines correlated well to the amount of glycoprotein with mol wt 80 K on cell surface. The resistance of cells was reduced by the treatment of glycosylation inhibitors, tunicamycin and 2-deoxy-D-glucose. The results indicate that the Fv-4 resistance is ascribed to the unique glycoprotein on cell surface.

Animals↗