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Biomedical subjects

T Odberg

Publications and source records attributed to T Odberg.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The impact of glaucoma on the quality of life of patients in Norway. I. Results from a self-administered questionnaire.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feelings and experiences of patients living with glaucoma. METHODS: A questionnaire was delivered to patients willing to take part, at a regular visit to their ophthalmologist, for filling in anonymously at home. A total of 589 questionnaires were returned. RESULTS: More than 80% reported negative emotions on learning that they had glaucoma, one-third were afraid of going blind. Half the patients had no visual problem at all, 14% complained of poor or very poor vision. This proportion increased with age. One-fourth of the patients on topical medication experienced adverse effects of moderate or high degree. About half the patients being treated with laser or surgery felt their situation had improved afterwards. Nine-tenths of the individuals were satisfied with the information and care given, although their knowledge about glaucoma was rather incomplete. One-fifth missed information, mainly on causes, treatment and prognosis of the disease. The younger patients were more anxious and inquiring, reported more side effects and were less satisfied than the older patients. The women were in general more dissatisfied than the men. CONCLUSION: Giving a patient a diagnosis of glaucoma influences his quality of life negatively. Only half of our patients experienced any visual difficulties, whereas one-fourth reported adverse reactions due to the therapy. Most of the patients were very satisfied with the information and care given. Ophthalmologists in private practice are quite central in the management and care of the glaucoma patients in a medical setting like ours.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The impact of glaucoma on the quality of life of patients in Norway. II. Patient response correlated to objective data.

PURPOSE: To elucidate the relationship between the visual difficulties reported by patients treated for glaucoma and their objective functional damage, and to evaluate the reliability of the patient responses. METHODS: Questionnaires concerning quality of life filled in at home by 589 patients treated for chronic open angle glaucoma were correlated to corresponding questionnaires returned from their ophthalmologists. RESULTS: Few of our patients had a visual field damage judged to be of functional significance. There was a weak to moderate association between both visual field defects and decreased visual acuity and self-reported visual difficulties. A high proportion of the patients had normal binocular visual field and a stable disease, raising the suspicion that some of them were treated for ocular hypertension. The agreement between the responses from the patients and the ophthalmologists concerning the topical treatment was good, regarding treatment duration and other diseases of the patients the agreement was moderate. CONCLUSION: The association between subjective visual disability and presence of visual field defects was weak to moderate in our patients treated for glaucoma, and this association was further weakened by adjusting for visual acuity. Some patients might be treated unnecessarily, and a favourable prognosis might be given to most of them. The reliability of the patients in general was good.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The medium and long-term efficacy of primary argon laser trabeculoplasty in avoiding topical medication in open angle glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To study the medium and long-term efficacy of primary argon laser trabeculoplasty in open angle glaucoma with especial emphasis on avoidance of additional medical therapy. METHODS: Records of 168 patients with chronic open angle glaucoma or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma who underwent primary argon laser trabeculoplasty between 1987 and 1995 were studied retrospectively (duration of follow-up 1-8 years, mean 4.1 years). Mean baseline intraocular pressure was 28.7 mmHg (range 22-60 mmHg). Need of additional medical therapy was in each case evaluated at the surgeons' discretion, and the results were analysed by survival analysis. RESULTS: The probability of treatment success (no medication required) was for chronic open angle glaucoma 77% after 2 years, 67% after 5 years and 67% after 8 years Corresponding numbers for pseudoexfoliation glaucoma were 80%, 54% and 36%. Prelaser IOP higher than 31 mmHg, pretreatment visual field defect and sparse pigmentation of the trabecular meshwork were independent predictors of failure. CONCLUSION: Primary argon laser trabeculoplasty gives a long-lasting and favourable effect in chronic open angle glaucoma where 2/3 of the eyes still managed without additional medication for 8 years. The success in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma was even higher the first 3 years, and kept above 50% for 5 years. This makes laser a valuable option as first choice of therapy in glaucoma.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

Visual field prognosis in early glaucoma. A long-term clinical follow-up.

Fifty-four eyes of 45 patients with ocular hypertension developed early glaucomatous optic disc or visual field changes after a mean follow-up of 5.1 years without therapy. These changes initiated antiglaucomatous treatment, and the eyes have been followed further on therapy for 2-14 years (mean 8.0 years) in a retrospective study. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was lowered from 28.9 to 19.3 mmHg. Half of the eyes were still without field defects at the end of the study, whereas 7 eyes developed extensive field damage noticeable to the patients. The eyes with deteriorating visual fields could not be differentiated from the stable ones by means of the pre-therapy IOP, nor the mean or peak IOP on treatment. There was an accumulation of topical and general risk factors in the progressive eyes. The results support the importance of taking other risk factors than the IOP into consideration in the management of our glaucoma patients.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1990

[Primary laser trabeculoplasty in glaucoma. A resource saving treatment].

During the last ten years argon laser trabeculoplasty has been shown to be a very useful tool in the treatment of glaucoma when medical therapy has failed. In the present study laser was used as primary therapy in 27 patients with newly detected glaucoma. Pretreatment with topical timolol gave an immediate pressure drop in all eyes, and the dreaded acute pressure rise after laser treatment was avoided. Upon follow-up examination after two years, more than half the patients had an intraocular pressure below 21 mm Hg without additional therapy. Primary laser trabeculoplasty was found to be a safe and time-saving procedure. Expenses and complications associated with medical therapy are reduced. Many patients may avoid lifelong daily instillation of eye drops.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Primary argon laser trabeculoplasty after pretreatment with timolol. A safe and economic therapy of early glaucoma.

In the treatment of glaucoma there are advantages and disadvantages associated with both medical, surgical and laser therapy. Early pressure rise has been found to be the main complication after laser treatment. In the present study primary argon laser trabeculoplasty (PALT) was carried out in 180 degrees of the trabecular meshwork with an effect of 0.4-0.6 W, after instillation of one drop of timolol 0.5%. Among our 27 newly diagnosed glaucoma patients no pressure rise or iritic reaction was detected. More than 50% of the patients were still managed with an intraocular pressure below 21 mmHg without medical or surgical treatment after 2 years. In addition to being virtually without side-effects this treatment modality is time saving and cost effective, and a great part of the patients may avoid medical therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Early diagnosis of glaucoma. II. The value of the initial examination in ocular hypertension.

In a group of 46 patients with moderately elevated intraocular pressure (22-30 mmHg), signs of early glaucoma were found in half of them after a follow-up of 5-7.5 years. Most of the patients showed only a small increase in optic disc cupping revealed by stereophotography. Initial IOP higher than 25 mmHg, large pressure differences between the two eyes, large diurnal pressure variation, occurrence of pseudoexfoliation, pressure drop of more than 8 mmHg after topical epinephrine, and a pressure rise of more than 4 mmHg after water loading were more frequent in the group of patients who developed signs of glaucoma. Age, a positive family history, occurrence of cardiovascular disease, and the cup/disc ratio did not differ in the two groups of patients. The pilocarpine test and steroid provocation had no predictive value. Surprisingly, there was a small drop of pressure after topical steroids in 6 of the 8 patients with pseudoexfoliation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Early diagnosis of glaucoma. The value of successive stereophotography of the optic disc.

A group of 46 patients with ocular hypertension (initial pressure 22-30 mmHg) have been followed prospectively for 5-7.5 years, with special emphasis on optic disc changes. A stereophoto of the disc was taken at each consultation. So far, 24 patients have been put on anti-glaucoma therapy. A slight increase in disc cupping revealed by stereophoto was the first pathological finding in 19 patients. Only one patient developed a field defect without visible disc changes. Neither disc description, cup/disc ratio measurement nor disc drawing were accurate enough to disclose small changes in the cup size. Considerably more patients in the treatment group had a pressure rise of 5 mm or more and repeated intraocular pressures of 30 mm or more during the observation. Stereophotography of the optic disc was found to be a valuable method in the diagnosis of early glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Experimental tonography on enucleated human eyes. I. The validity of Grant's tonography formula.

When newer tables for parameters in Grant's formula for tonography are used, one obtains far higher values for the outflow facility than those generally accepted. The aim of this iinvestigation has, therefore, been to test the validity of the tonography formula. The outflow facility determined by constant-rate perfusion in enucleated eyes has been compared with the results of tonography on the same eyes in the steady-state condition. Loss of intraocular fluid during tonography has been measured directly by means of a new technique. Outflow facilities determined according to the two methods show very good agreement. Thus, when the production of aqueous is held at a constant rate, and when there is no change in intraocular blood volume. Grant's tonography formula is found valid, provided absolute values for Po, Pt, and dV are used.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Experimental tonography on enucleated human eyes. II. The loss of intraocular fluid caused by tonography.

In clinical work, the loss of intraocular fluid caused by tonography (dV) is usually calculated according to the formula of Grant and Friedenwald. The validity of this formula has been tested by comparing the dV calculated from known factors in the formula with the dV measured directly on enucleated eyes. Our results show a good correlation between the two methods, especially when the rigidity coefficient at the beginning of tonography is used in the calculations. It is concluded from our experiments here and in our previous paper that the theoretical foundation of tonography in principle is valid.

Body Fluids↗