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Biomedical subjects

T Oh

Publications and source records attributed to T Oh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog (ornoprostil) on gastric emptying and pancreatic polypeptide release after solid-meal ingestion in man.

The effect of orally administered ornoprostil, 17S,20-dimethyl-6-oxoprostaglandin E1 methyl ester, on gastric emptying and on pancreatic polypeptide (PP) release after solid meal ingestion, was investigated in man. A radionuclide technique was used to measure gastric emptying of eight healthy volunteers. In addition, four parameters [SI (starting index): the lag time in the start of emptying; K value: the emptying rate; T1/2: the half emptying time; 120 min RR: the percent retention at 120 min] were determined for evaluation. Also, the PP response was analyzed according to two parameters: IPPRSI the integrated PP response for periods up to SI, and IPPR120, the integrated PP response for 120 min. The results demonstrated that 5 micrograms of orally administered ornoprostil significantly reduced the gastric emptying rate of solid meal (T1/2 and 120 min RR, P less than 0.05). However, ornoprostil affected neither the basal PP concentrations nor the cephalic phase of PP secretion which was determined as IPPRSI. This thus suggests that ornoprostil affects the gastric motor function without interfering with the vagal-cholinergic pathway to the stomach.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Comprehensive therapeutic interchange program in a community hospital.

The implementation of a comprehensive therapeutic interchange program is described. The need to reduce the number of telephone calls to physicians about nonformulary drug orders, reduce drug costs, and maximize the effectiveness of drug therapy prompted the development of an automatic therapeutic interchange program at a 273-bed nonteaching community hospital. Pharmacists and physicians agreed that a telephone call to discuss every nonformulary drug order was unnecessary. The pharmacy department presented the automatic interchange program to the pharmacy and therapeutics committee. The program was reviewed by the committee, the hospital attorney, and medical staff members and was instituted in 1986 for drug products, such as vitamins and antacids, for which interchanges are noncontroversial. A newsletter describing the program was distributed, and inservice education sessions were held. A reminder was placed on order forms that an interchange for nonformulary drugs would be made unless the nonformulary agent was deemed "medically necessary" by the physician. In such cases, the physician is contacted to discuss the therapeutic alternative. As acceptance of the program and cost efficiencies were demonstrated, more controversial agents were phased in during subsequent years. It was difficult to obtain approval to add some agents, such as third-generation cephalosporins, to the program, but noncompliance and confusion have been minimal. An automatic therapeutic interchange program has worked well at this institution since 1986.

Florida↗
PubMed1990

Implementing therapeutic interchange of intravenous famotidine for cimetidine and ranitidine.

The steps taken to implement a therapeutic interchange program for i.v. histamine H2-receptor antagonists and to determine the potential cost savings are described. A literature review conducted by pharmacists at a 273-bed nonteaching community hospital showed that i.v. famotidine was as safe and effective as i.v. cimetidine or ranitidine and that it was feasible to add famotidine to total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solutions. Because of famotidine's cost advantage, it was proposed that i.v. famotidine be used in place of specific dosage regimens of i.v. ranitidine or cimetidine and in TPN solutions ordered for patients receiving concurrent H2-antagonist therapy. The approval of the hospital attorney and hospital gastroenterologists was secured, and a formal proposal was submitted. The pharmacy department distributed a memorandum describing the advantages of famotidine, conducted inservice education sessions, and sought the compliance of physicians by placing reminders on order forms and patient charts and by contacting physicians directly. The program was implemented in May 1989. During the first three months, only one physician insisted that patients receive i.v. ranitidine rather than famotidine. It was projected that the interchange of i.v. famotidine for cimetidine or ranitidine would result in a total savings of $37,565 during the first year due to reductions in the cost of drugs, supplies, and nursing labor. The acceptance of a therapeutic interchange program for H2 antagonists was excellent, and the projected savings are substantial.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1987

Resident-preceptor retreat for re-evaluating a pharmacy residency program.

The organization of a resident-preceptor retreat as one component of a process to re-evaluate a pharmacy residency program is described. Changes in the ASHP standards for residency training and recommendations from a recent reaccreditation survey as well as recent changes in the health-care environment prompted a re-evaluation of the existing 24-month residency and degree program at The Ohio State University Hospitals. Three task forces were created to evaluate issues in seven areas of residency training. Members of the task forces, which consisted of current residents and staff members with preceptorial responsibilities, discussed the issues assigned to them during a retreat at a state park. Recommendations made at the retreat were assigned to individual task force members for implementation. Within nine months of the retreat, 15 of 17 recommendations had been implemented. A retreat involving both residents and preceptors can be an effective forum for discussing and critically evaluating a pharmacy residency program.

Education, Pharmacy↗