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Biomedical subjects

T Ohshiro

Publications and source records attributed to T Ohshiro.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effects of low-power diode lasers on flap survival.

We investigated the effect of low-power laser irradiation on the survival of experimental skin flaps in rats. A gallium-aluminum-arsenide diode laser that was developed by the Japan Medical Laser Laboratory was used. The laser power was 15 mW and the wavelength 830 nm. Irradiation was carried out, either before or after flap elevation, in two groups of 20 Wistar strain rats. A third group of 20 rats served as controls. A caudally based skin flap, 3 X 9 cm, was designed on the back of each rat. Laser irradiation therapy was performed for 5 consecutive days for 6 minutes per flap per day, preoperatively in one group and postoperatively in the other. Seven days postoperatively, the survival areas of the flaps were measured and compared. The survival area was increased significantly in both groups receiving laser therapy, probably due to the observed proliferation of blood vessels around the irradiated points and an increase in blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Ca2+ requirement in hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate in human platelets.

The activity of partially purified phospholipase C from human platelets was totally dependent on Ca2+, and approximately 800 microM Ca2+ was required for half-maximal activity. The enzyme hydrolyzed endogenous substrates in the order DPI greater than TPI greater than PI in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Hydrolysis of TPI in thrombin-stimulated platelets was dependent on the amount of the agonist, and it was not affected by the presence or absence of extracellular Ca2+. Hydrolysis was inhibited by preincubation with Quin-2AM in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was significantly lowered below the basal level by such treatment. These observations suggested that TPI breakdown in thrombin-stimulated platelets is mediated by agonist-receptor coupling and requires at least the basal level of intracellular Ca2+.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1984

Occurrence of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase in prokaryote cells. Characterization of the enzyme from Alcaligenes faecalis and role of the enzyme in the activated methyl cycle.

The occurrence of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (EC 3.3.1.1) was found in a variety of prokaryotes. These prokaryotes did not exhibit any activities of S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (EC 3.2.2.9) and S-ribosyl-homocysteine hydrolase (EC 3.3.1.3), which had been the generally accepted prokaryote enzymes for the regeneration of free homocysteine from S-adenosylhomocysteine in the activated methyl cycle. In these prokaryotes S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase was suggested to be the only enzyme functioning for the regeneration of free homocysteine by enzymological and immunochemical studies. S-Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase was purified and crystallized from cells of a prokaryote, Alcaligenes faecalis. The purified enzyme was found to be homogeneous on ultracentrifugation and gel electrophoresis. Its relative molecular mass is approximately 280 000 and it is composed of six identical subunits with a Mr of approximately 48 000. The NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal amino acids are lysine and tyrosine respectively. The enzyme contains 6 mol NAD/mol. Some nucleosides, such as formycin A, nebularine, adenosine N1-oxide and so on, are able to substitute for adenosine yielding the corresponding S-nucleosidylhomocysteine congeners. Modification of the 5'-hydroxymethyl group in adenosine leads to the most potent inhibition of the thioether formation of homocysteine with adenosine. The enzyme from A. faecalis has some immunological similarities to other prokaryote S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolases, but is different from the enzymes of animal sources.

Adenosylhomocysteinase↗
PubMed1983

The ruby and argon lasers in the treatment of naevi.

There are many kinds of abnormally coloured skin lesions, or naevi, which cannot be successfully treated by using conventional techniques. From experience gained in treating over 6,700 patients in the last 6 years, we find that the visible light ruby and argon lasers are useful in the treatment of naevi. However, to use the laser effectively and safely, both skill and knowledge are necessary so that it can become an additional and effective tool in the management of certain dermatological conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The CO2 laser in the treatment of cavernous haemangioma of the lower lip: a case report.

A case is reported of a 14-year-old girl who had a large cavernous haemangioma and haemangioma simplex of the lower lip. Although a few reports of such a haemangioma and the operation for it can be found in the literature, the blood loss problem and the final cosmesis leave much to be desired. We excised the tumour in two stages using the CO2 laser, retaining full function and obtaining good configuration of the affected part. The suitability of the CO2 laser for this procedure, because of its haemostatic effect, was noted. The importance of both the physiological and psychological problems of such a patient were treated by applying our total treatment concept.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Urokinase immobilized on medical polymeric materials: fundamental and clinical studies.

One of the methods of preparing an antithrombogenic material is to immobilize a fibrinolytic enzyme on the surface of a carrier. The clinical trial of such a material must be subject to not only a basic study on the quality of a carrier, the technique of immobilization, and the method of disinfection, but also an in vivo study on its antithrombotic effect. Reported herein is the evaluation of the fibrinolytic ability, at fundamental and clinical levels, of the urokinase that was immobilized on the surface of various polymeric materials. The results were favorable.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Specific enzymatic assay method for homocysteine and its application to the screening of neonatal homocystinuria.

A simple and specific enzymatic assay method for homocysteine is described. The method is based on the formation of S-adenosylhomocysteine from adenosine and homocysteine through the catalysis of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (EC 3.3.1.1), followed by its separation by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results for human blood, serum, and urine and those extracted from filter paper showed good correlation with those obtained on measurement with a conventional amino acid analyzer, which demonstrates that the method is useful for neonatal screening for homocystinuria.

Adenosylhomocysteinase↗