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Biomedical subjects

T Oku

Publications and source records attributed to T Oku.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Report on successful surgery of cavernous angioma in the dorsal part of the pons--usefulness of MRI in diagnosis].

A case with cavernous angioma which was located in the dorsal of the pons was cured surgically. A 16-year-old male was admitted with complaints of right motor and sensory disturbance. On neurological examination, the patient had right hemiparesis and hemiparesthesia, and right cerebellar signs. X-ray CT scan demonstrated a high density mass in the pons. Carotid and vertebral angiograms showed no abnormality. T1 and T2 weighted MRI clarified the pontine mass not as a tumor but a hematoma. Then, from the age of the patient, his clinical course, follow up X-ray CT and MRI findings, it was considered that a pontine lesion must have been an angioma with hemorrhage. Therefore, the operation was performed in an attempt to removal the hematoma and the mass of abnormal vessels in the dorsal part of the pons. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed abnormal vessels as a cavernous angioma. The postoperative course was uneventful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Lymphomatoid papulosis. Histologic and immunohistochemical studies in a patient with a scaly pigmented eruption.

A patient with lymphomatoid papulosis type A showed a peculiar, scaly pigmented eruption on the broad skin areas as well as papulonodular lesions. Large atypical cells characteristic of the infiltrate of the disease were observed not only in the dermal infiltrate of papular lesions, but also in the perivascular infiltrate of the scaly pigmented lesions, indicating that the latter was one of the skin manifestations of lymphomatoid papulosis. Immunohistochemical studies showed that these atypical cells expressed Ki-1 and cellular activation-associated antigens such as HLA-DR, Tac, and T9, but were not reactive with T-cell specific antibodies Leu-1, Leu-3a, and Leu-2a.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Interferon: a mediator of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase induction by lipopolysaccharide, poly(I) X poly(C), and pokeweed mitogen in mouse lung.

When C3H/He mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide, poly(I) X poly(C), or pokeweed mitogen, the serum interferon titer increased almost instantaneously (100-2000 units/ml), and then the pulmonary indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase was induced 50- to 140-fold. The peaks corresponding to interferon induction always preceded (approximately 24 h) those corresponding to dioxygenase induction. In C3H/HeJ (lipopolysaccharide-nonresponder) mice, however, lipopolysaccharide was totally inert in induction of both interferon and dioxygenase, although treatment with poly(I) X poly(C) and pokeweed mitogen led to a remarkable increase in the serum interferon titer and the enzyme activity. When lymphocytes of C3H/HeJ mice were inactivated by X irradiation and then reconstituted by the transfer of spleen cells from C3H/He mice, both enzyme and interferon from C3H/HeJ mice thus treated were induced almost normally after the lipopolysaccharide treatment. In addition, murine interferon alpha/beta, which was injected intravenously in C3H/He or C3H/HeJ mice, almost instantaneously and dose-dependently induced the pulmonary enzyme, and at a dose of 10(5) units per mouse the enzyme activity was enhanced 20- to 26-fold in these two strains of mice. These results suggest that interferon, which is generated by the interaction of lymphocytes with lipopolysaccharide, poly(I) X poly(C), or pokeweed mitogen, is a mediator of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase induction in the mouse lung by these agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Antiviral effect of two aryl-oligopeptides, FR41565 and FR48217.

Macrophages from mice pretreated with two chemically synthesized immunostimulating aryl-oligopeptides, FR41565 and FR48217, inhibited the multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) in monkey Vero cells, and that of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in murine L929 cells. In addition, the aryl-oligopeptides protected mice against a lethal HSV-1 infection. In particular, when treated with FR48217 at 6 mg/kg, all mice survived, whereas all control mice died from the HSV-1 infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Influence of chronic intake of new sweetener fructooligosaccharide (Neosugar) on growth and gastrointestinal function of the rat.

The influence of the chronic intake of a newly developed sweetener named "Neosugar" (fructooligosaccharide) on body weight gain, organ weight, serum lipids, fecal excretion and intestinal function was investigated in rats. The following results were obtained. Body weight gain was diminished more severely in rats fed on 20% Neosugar diet than in rats fed on 10% Neosugar diet. The wet weights of cecum and colon were greatly increased by Neosugar feeding. Fecal wet weight was significantly increased and gastrointestinal transit time was shortened by Neosugar feeding compared with those of the control group. Serum triacylglycerol levels were significantly lower in rats fed Neosugar, whereas serum cholesterol levels were similar to those of the control group. Fecal excretions of neutral sterol and volatile fatty acids were significantly increased by Neosugar feeding. These results were quite similar, with the exception of diarrhea to those obtained using a dietary fiber such as glucomannan. Therefore, Neosugar with a pleasant-tasting sweetness appears to be an unavailable oligosaccharide with a dietary-fiber-like action.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Primary tissue culture of spontaneously regressing flat warts. In vitro attack by mononuclear cells against wart-derived epidermal cells.

Although tumors may be resolved due to host immune response, it is difficult to obtain direct evidence of this in man. Numerous flat warts, human papilloma virus type 3-induced papillomas, disappear systemically and simultaneously after showing inflammatory changes. Histologically, there is a dense cellular infiltration composed of lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes as identified by alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase staining in situ, the former being predominant in most cases. The primary tissue culture of such inflamed flat warts from ten cases revealed a proliferation of wart-derived keratinocytes as is the case with ordinary flat warts. However, in nine of the ten cases, massive mononuclear cells, most of which were T-lymphocytes, migrated out of the explants and began to attack these keratinocytes, inducing degenerative changes. These findings indicate that cell-mediated tumor cell destruction rather than antiviral reaction induces systemic spontaneous regression of multiple papillomas in man.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of sudden deafness: carbon dioxide and oxygen inhalation and steroids.

The results of treating 86 patients with sudden deafness are reviewed in this paper. They were treated with intravenous ATP-2Na, Vitamin B1, B6, B12 and C, stellate ganglion block, peroral steroids, cyclandelate and Kallidinogenase. Fifty-one of 86 patients were additionally treated with carbon dioxide and oxygen inhalation. The first 35 patients (no gas inhalation group) and the latter 51 patients (gas inhalation group) were compared with each other concerning hearing improvement, and recovery rate associated with age of the patients, untreated period and effect of steroids. There was no statistical difference between the two groups with regard to these parameters.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1985

Direct and indirect effects of interferon on in vivo murine tumor cell growth.

We cloned two sublines (S1 and R1) of murine Meth A fibrosarcoma cells with respect to their sensitivity to a murine alpha/beta-interferon (IFN) preparation. The growth of S1 cells was suppressed and that of R1 cells was hardly affected by IFN in vitro. This was also the case with cells enclosed in cell-impermeable diffusion chambers in peritoneal cavities. Nevertheless, IFN suppressed the growth of not only S1 cells but also R1 cells in mice inoculated i.p. with these cells, and the survival rates of both S1 cell recipients and R1 cell recipients were markedly improved. S1 cells were observed microscopically to be injured by the direct effect of IFN in vitro and in vivo, but R1 cells in in vitro culture with IFN and those surviving in vivo in the presence of IFN appeared to proliferate well. In the peritoneal cavity of R1 recipients treated daily with IFN, the recruitment of macrophages was enhanced in comparison with untreated R1 recipients. Adherent peritoneal exudate cells obtained from IFN-treated, R1-bearing mice were highly suppressive for the in vitro growth of not only R1 cells but also allogeneic and human cells. The role of macrophages in the indirect effect of IFN on tumor cell growth is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Inhibition of virus multiplication by immunoactive peptides].

In the present study we show that peritoneal macrophages obtained from the mice treated with the immunoactive peptides inhibit the multiplication of Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), but not that of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and that the intraperitoneal administration of the peptides suppresses the infection with HSV-1 in mice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1984

Nondigestibility of a new sweetener, "Neosugar," in the rat.

The digestion of Neosugar, a mixture of 1F-(1-beta-fructofuranosyl)n-1 sucrose [n = 2, 1-kestose (GF2); n = 3, nystose (GF3); n = 4, 1F-beta-fructofuranosyl nystose (GF4)] was investigated in vitro and in vivo by using the rat. The results obtained were as follows. GF2 and GF3 were not hydrolyzed by a pancreatic homogenate. The GF2- and GF3-hydrolyzing activities of the enzymes in the intestinal mucosa homogenate were negligible compared with the activities of maltase and sucrase. GF2 and GF3 added to the incubation mixture did not affect the activities of sucrase and maltase in the intestinal mucosa. Long-term ingestion of Neosugar did not cause induction or suppression of GF2- and GF3-hydrolyzing enzymes in the small intestine. [U-14C]Neosugar injected intravenously was rapidly excreted in the urine without having undergone any degradation. These results indicate that Neosugar, which consists of GF2, GF3 and GF4, is scarcely hydrolyzed by the digestive enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract and internal organs, and that suggests to us that Neosugar is not utilized as an energy source in the body.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Tissue cultures of benign and malignant fibrous histiocytomas: SEM observations.

Four dermatofibromas (DF), 2 dermatofibrosarcomata protuberans (DFSP), 2 atypical fibroxanthmas of the skin (AFX), and one malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) were studied by explant culture technique and scanning electron microscopy. Differences in the cellular atypism, phagocytic activity and motility were observed between histiocyte-like cells extending from a DF and DFSP group and an AFX and MFH group. Such cytological characteristics was maintained during in vitro transformation of the cells into fibroblastic cells. It was concluded that culture behaviors of the cells from each tumor group correlated well with in vivo growth and histologic features. We feel that examination of in vitro morphology of fibrous histiocytomas may prove useful in arriving at a correct diagnosis.

Culture Techniques↗
PubMed1984

Hypertrophic effect of unavailable carbohydrate on cecum and colon in rats.

The effects of unavailable carbohydrate on the cecum and colon were investigated in rats raised on diets containing 20% of glucomannan or cellulose for 8 weeks. Glucomannan ingestion caused the increase of cecum and colon weights, and the effect was greater in the cecum than in the colon. However, on ingestion of cellulose, a remarkable increase in tissue weight was observed in the colon rather than in the cecum. Measurement of DNA, RNA and protein in cecal and colonic mucosa demonstrated that the cecal enlargement caused by glucomannan was dependent on the increases in both number and size of mucosal cells, and that the cecal and colonic enlargements caused by cellulose and the colonic enlargement caused by glucomannan resulted from an increase in the number of mucosal cells; i.e., hyperplasia. (Na + K)ATPase activity of the cecal and colonic mucosa in the cellulose and glucomannan groups was significantly higher than that in the control group. Thus, (Na + K)ATPase activity was increased proportionally to the intensity of the process of tissue enlargement.

Animals↗