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Biomedical subjects

T P Reed

Publications and source records attributed to T P Reed.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Higher densities of distributed pheromone sources provide disruption of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) superior to that of lower densities of clumped sources.

Field experiments quantified the effect of synthetic pheromone release-site density and distribution on 1) orientational disruption of male codling moths, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to pheromone-baited traps; and 2) fruit injury. A clustering test varied pheromone release-site density from 0 to 1,000 Isomate-C Plus dispensers per ha while maintaining the total number of dispensers at 1,000. Percentage of orientational disruption of pheromone-baited traps increased significantly as a function of increasing density of release sites. Fruit injury decreased as the density of release sites increased and was lowest in plots treated with Isomate-C Plus dispensers distributed as 1,000 point sources per ha. We also manipulated point source density of 0.1-ml paraffin-wax drops containing 5% codlemone [(E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol], and thus the total amount of pheromone deployed per hectare. The percentage of disruption of traps baited with either 1.0- or 0.1-mg codlemone lures increased with increasing density of wax drops deployed. Both trapping and field observations confirmed that wax drops were attractive to male codling moths, suggesting that disruption was mediated by competitive attraction. Development of dispensers that can be mechanically applied at high densities has potential to improve the efficacy and economics of codling moth disruption at high population densities.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Small plot trials documenting effective mating disruption of oriental fruit moth by using high densities of wax-drop pheromone dispensers.

In 2004 field experiments, we compared the effectiveness of various deployment densities of 0.1-ml paraffin wax drops containing 5% pheromone versus Isomate M-Rosso "rope" dispensers for disruption of Grapholita molesta (Busck). Treatments were evaluated in 0.05-ha (12-tree) plots of 'Delicious' apples receiving regular maintenance according to growers' standards, but not sprayed with insecticides. The application densities of 0.1-ml wax drops were 3 per tree (820/ha), 10 per tree (2,700/ha), 30 per tree (8,200/ha), and 100 per tree (27,300/ha). Wax drops were compared with 3-ml dispensers of pheromone-containing paraffin wax or Isomate M-Rosso ropes at 1.8 per tree (500/ha) and untreated control plots. Treatments were applied before the start of each of three moth generations. Orientational disruption, as measured by inhibition of moth captures in pheromone-baited delta traps, was greatest in plots that received 100 drops per tree (99.2%) and 30 drops per tree (99.4%). More than 55% of tethered, virgin females were mated in control plots after one night of deployment. However, no mating was recorded at the two highest application densities of wax drops where orientational disruption of traps exceeded 99%. Mating ranged from 7 to 20% among the other treatments, including Isomate rope dispensers. G. molesta males were observed closely approaching pheromone dispensers in plots containing ropes and wax drops, documenting competitive attraction between synthetic pheromone sources and feral females. The majority of observed G. molesta males approached within 60 cm of wax drops or pheromone ropes and departed within 20 s by flying upwind. Thirty wax drops per tree yielded higher mating disruption of G. molesta than did Isomate M-Rosso dispensers deployed at the recommended rate of 500/ha (1.8 per tree). Measurement of release rates confirmed behavioral data indicating that paraffin wax dispensers would need to be applied once per G. molesta generation in Michigan. Paraffin wax drops are a promising technology for moth mating disruption. They are cheaper and easier to produce, require less total pheromone per annual application, and produce better mating disruption at appropriate deployment densities compared with Isomate M-Rosso dispensers under high G. molesta population densities. The cost-effectiveness of this approach will require an appropriate mechanized applicator for wax drops.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

AGUS in cervical endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate cervical endometriosis as a source of abnormal glandular cells in cervicovaginal smears. STUDY DESIGN: Histologically documented cases of cervical endometriosis with concurrent cervicovaginal smears were reviewed. The cytologic specimens were evaluated for the presence of glandular abnormalities. RESULTS: There were eight cases of superficial endometriosis (five of which had concurrent tuboendometrioid glandular metaplasia) and two cases of deep endometriosis in this series. Five of the eight cases of superficial endometriosis had abnormal glandular cells in the smears; neither of two cases of deep endometriosis had glandular abnormalities. Four of the eight cases of superficial endometriosis had previously undergone conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) (squamous intraepithelial lesion [SIL]) and were being monitored for recurrence. Of the five cases of atypical glandular cells of unknown significance (AGUS), one case had concurrent high grade CIN (SIL). Another case was originally misinterpreted as recurrent glandular dysplasia. CONCLUSION: Physicians monitoring patients after treatment for CIN need to be aware that endometriosis and tuboendometrioid metaplasia may be the source of atypical glandular cells and on occasion may be subject to misinterpretation.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1993

Microcolposcopy. When and how to do it.

Microcolposcopy is a valuable accessory technique for the busy colposcopist and is particularly helpful in locating the new squamocolumnar junction. Microcolposcopy is an evaluation of cytology, and colposcopy is a study of vascular and growth patterns. The two methods are complementary.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1993

LA-1 oncogene. A possible new prognostic index for evaluating cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions.

Cervical biopsies from 96 patients referred to the Union Memorial Hospital Colposcopy Clinic were analyzed for the expression of the LA-1 oncogene by using an antibody directed against a 13 amino acid epitope of the oncogene product. The expression of the oncogene was found to correlate with the grade of the cervical intraepithelial lesion. A trend was suggested even though chi 2 analysis was not significant (P = .08). Further studies are warranted to determine whether the LA-1 test predicts persistence or progression of the disease.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Microcolpohysteroscopy compared with colposcopy in the evaluation of abnormal cervical cytology.

Microcolpohysteroscopy allows one to observe the cervix and endocervix at magnifications of 1:1-1:150. More important, it permits examination of the squamocolumnar junction when it is obscured within the endocervix. This preliminary report compares standard colposcopy with a microcolpohysteroscopy technique in 65 patients with abnormal Papanicolaou smears. Using contact microcolpohysteroscopy, the clinician can map out geographically entire cervical intraepithelial neoplastic lesions; locate correctly the epicenter of most lesions; and in cases of inadequate colposcopy, visualize the squamocolumnar junction within the cervix. Microcolpohysteroscopy was equivalent to traditional colposcopy in detecting abnormal histology. This technique predicted lesions with viral cytopathic effects, which correlated with histology in 83% of cases. The results of this study suggest that microcolpohysteroscopy is a diagnostic tool that can precisely qualify and localize a cervical lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Silicone devices for tubal occlusion: radiographic description and evaluation.

Hysteroscopically placed silicone devices for occlusion of fallopian tubes have been evaluated in over 1,300 patients as a means of contraception during the past five years. Radiologic evaluation of the device is vital to the gynecologist both at initial implantation and for follow-up. Normal appearance of plugs and typical examples of complications including separation, extravasation, and abnormal configurations, are presented.

Contraceptive Devices, Female↗
PubMed1984

Ovabloc. Five years of experience.

Female sterilization with the Ovabloc was performed on 438 women in five years. The complications, failure rate and pregnancy rate are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Hysteroscopic tubal occlusion with silicone rubber.

A new method of sterilization for women is being investigated in several outpatient centers. The technique involves flowing liquid silicone rubber into the fallopian tubes. The silicone cures in place and forms a rubbery solid plug. The catalyzed liquid silicone is pumped through a special polysulfone guide assembly that fits through the operating channel of a standard hysteroscope. On the end of the guide is a hollow premolded silicone rubber tip that fits into the cornual ostium of the tube. When the silicone cures it also cross-links to this tip so that the tip becomes part of the plug. Results as of April 1, 1982, from 350 women in the Philadelphia center suggest that proper plug formation prevents pregnancy and that the method can be applied to about 85% of properly selected women.

Fallopian Tubes↗
PubMed1979

Hysteroscopic oviductal blocking with formed-in-place silicone rubber plugs. I. Method and apparatus.

This method of nonsurgical female tubal sterilization involves the flowing of catalyzed silicone material into the oviduct through a silicone rubber obturator tip positioned at the tubal ostium. The method, described earlier as a fluoroscopic technique, has now been developed as a hysteroscopic procedure. Components include the obturator tip with retrieval loop, guide assembly, nonair-entraining mixer-dispenser, flow-actuation apparatus and plug-forming materials. Steps in the procedure include placement of the obturator tip in the tubal ostium, flow of the silicone, releasing of the tip (bonded to the cured plug) from the guide and removal of the guide.

Endoscopy↗