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Biomedical subjects

T Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to T Pedersen.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Effect of diazepam on cardio-vascular and psychotomimetic action of ketamine administered as continuous intravenous drip. Double-blind study (author's transl)].

Sixty-four women undergoing non-abdominal operations were anaesthetized with ketamine administered as a continuous intravenous drip combined or not with diazepam. This double-blind, randomised study assessed the effects of diazepam on the dosage, the cardio-vascular stimulation, and the psychotomimetic side-effects of ketamine. At the induction, ketamine was given in a dose of 2 mg/kg in combination with diazepam 10 mg or placebo i.v. followed by a continuous infusion of ketamine at variable rate. The amounts of ketamine necessary for anaesthesia was significantly reduced by diazepam, from 4.51 mg/kg to 3.55 mg/kg (p less than 0.001). The sympathomimetic effect of ketamine was significantly decreased by diazepam, as the increase in pulse rate as well as in blood pressure was less important (p less than 0.05). The frequency of hallucinations dropped from 30.0 p. cent to 2.9 p. cent with diazepam, while the total frequency of psychotomimetic side-effects fell from 36.6 p. cent to 11.8 p. cent (p less than 0.05). Although the frequency of psychotomimetic side-effects is still high with this method, it may be recommended to use a continuous drip of ketamine administration for anaesthesia of hypovolaemic and other poor risk patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Cimetidine for severe gastroduodenal haemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial.

During a period of 12 months, 88 patients with severe haemorrhage from gastric or duodenal ulcers or from erosive gastritis completed a double-blind trial of either cimetidine or placebo. Only patients needing immediate blood transfusion were admitted to the trial. It was found that in patients with severe bleeding from gastric or duodenal ulcers neither the severity of bleeding nor the incidence of emergency surgery was reduced by cimetidine. Furthermore, the treatment did not improve the mortality rate. It is concluded that patients with severe bleeding from gastric or duodenal ulcers will not benefit from immediate treatment with intravenous cimetidine.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Characterization of bladder tumours by flow cytometry on bladder washings.

The DNA content of individual nuclei in bladder washings was estimated by means of flow cytometry. A method of preparation using a detergent to produce single nuclei was used. By means of a differential count the DNA distribution was corrected for the content of leucocytes. The DNA histograms were divided into a 2c fraction containing nuclei with less than 3c DNA, a 4c fraction with 3c--6c DNA and an 8c fraction with more than 6c DNA. Three groups of patients were investigated: 17 patients with invasive bladder tumours, 38 patients with non-invasive bladder tumours, and 22 patients with normal bladders. The washings from patients with invasive tumours contained significantly larger 4c and 8c fractions than washings from normal bladders. There was a correlation between cell anaplasia and the DNA distribution: grade III bladder tumours had larger 4c and 8c fractions than grade II tumours.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1978

Assessment of completeness of vagotomy and surgical experience 10 days and 3 months after proximal gastric vagotomy.

Spontaneous and maximum acid secretion was measured before, and 10 days and 3 months after proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) to determine the optimal time for testing the completeness of vagotomy. Insulin tests were done 10 days after PGV and it was investigated whether any of the tests could distinguish between experienced and less experienced surgeons. Sixty-eight patients were studied, 38 being operated by experienced and 30 by less experienced surgeons. No significant changes were found in BAO and PAO from 10 days to 3 months after PGV in any of the groups. In contrast to the insulin test results, measurements of BAO and PAO did not discriminate between the two groups of surgeons. However, very incomplete vagotomies according to insulin test results were identified by measurements of PAO 3 months after PGV. It is concluded that early postoperative insulin tests are preferable. The surgeon remembers details of the PGV, the patients is liable to accept the test at this time and insulin tests are more sensitive in discriminating between experienced and less experienced surgeons. Measurements of maximum acid secretion should only replace these tests in patients with cardiac diseases and they should then be performed 3 months after PGV.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Recurrent ulcer after proximal gastric vagotomy for duodenal and pre-pyloric ulcer.

Factors thought to be important in the development of recurrent ulcer after proximal gastric vagotomy were investigated 1-4 years after operation in 211 patients with duodenal ulcer and in 49 with pre-pyloric ulcer. Recurrent ulcer was found in 25 patients with duodenal ulcer (12 per cent) and in 6 with pre-pyloric ulcer (12 per cent). Recurrence was not related to age, sex, duration of dyspepsia, radiological findings or peak acid output before and 10 days after vagotomy. Fifty-six patients were operated upon by the method of Amdrup and Jensen (1970), including skeletonization of about 2 cm of the oesophagus. The remaining 204 patients were operated on by a technique in which the dissection of the lesser curve was begun at the 'crow's foot' and the oesophageal dissection was extended, in most cases, to more than 4 cm above the cardia. Recurrence was more frequent among the 56 patients in the first group than among the remaining patients with duodenal ulcer. Recurrence was positively related to basal acid output after vagotomy. An increase of peak acid output of 50 per cent was seen in a smaller group with recurrence and patients with dyspepsia within 18 months of vagotomy. It was concluded that the risk of recurrence is not related to the number of parietal cells, as expressed by peak acid output to histamine. The risk may probably be reduced by extension of the oesophageal skeletonization. A marked increase in peak acid output may be seen during the first year after proximal gastric vagotomy in patients with recurrence or dyspepsia.

Duodenal Ulcer↗
PubMed1977

Relationship between gastric acid secretion, histopathology, and cell proliferation kinetics in human gastric mucosa.

Cell proliferation of gastric antral and fundic mucosa was studied in a series of patients with different gastric diseases. After in vitro incubation of endoscopic biopsies with tritiated thymidine, radioautographs were prepared by the dipping technique. The labeling indices were estimated, and the biopsies were classified according to the degree of gastritis. The peak acid output after "maximal" stimulation with histamine was also determined. A highly significant inverse correlation between peak acid output and the labeling indices in both antral and fundic mucosa was demonstrated. The correlation between the degree of gastritis and the labeling indices in antral and fundic mucosa was also statistically significant. The results indicate that a significant inverse relationship exists between the acid secretory capacity of the gastric mucosa and the rate of cell proliferation in both antral and fundic mucosa. Furthermore, the data suggest that an increasing degree of gastritis in human gastric mucosa is followed by an increased rate of epithelial cell proliferation.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of gastrin on gastric mucosal cell proliferation in man.

The effect of short-term infusion of a large dose of pentagastrin and a small dose of synthetic human gastrin I (SHG) on the rate of cell proliferation in gastric mucosa was studied in normal human subjects. Moreover, the kinetic parameters were compared with the serum gastrin concentrations in fasting patients. Endoscopic biopsies were labelled in vitro with 3H-thymidine and autoradiographs were prepared. The percentage of DNA-synthesising cells in the progenitor cell region was estimated. In healthy volunteers infusion of a large dose of pentagastrin (10 mug/kg per hour) was followed by a marked increase in the labelling index in fundic mucosa. The antral mucosa was not responsive to this effect. In the same subjects, infusion of a low dose of SHG (8 ng/kg per min) did not affect the rate of cell proliferation, either in fundic or in antral mucosa. In 46 patients with different gastric diseases no correlation between the serum gastrin concentrations and the labelling indices was found. The results suggest that human fundic mucosa is responsive to a trophic action of pentagastrin. If it exists, however, a physiological action of gastrin as a trophic hormone for human gastric mucosa must be considerably more complex than previously believed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Billroth I gastric resection versus truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty in the treatment of gastric ulcer.

Forty-five patients with benign gastric ulcers were treated by truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty or Billroth I gastric resection in a randomized, controlled trial. Postoperatively, one Billroth I patient died. During the follow-up recurrence occurred in three patients treated by vagotomy, but in no Billroth I patient. The overall functional results according to the classification of Visick were slightly, but unsignificantly better after Billroth I than after vagotomy and pyloroplasty.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Cell proliferation kinetics in normal human gastric mucosa. Studies on diurnal fluctuations and effect of food ingestion.

Cell proliferation of human gastric mucosa was studied in 3 healthy subjects. Biopsies were obtained from the antral and fundic part of the stomach through a fiber gastroscope. After in vitro incubation with tritiated thymidine, autoradiographs were prepared by the dipping technique. Labeling and mitotic indices were estimated. The number of DNA-synthesizing cells and the mitotic frequencies were higher in antral mucosa compared to mucosa in the fundic part of the stomach. Biopsies were taken after 12 hr of fasting and at various intervals during the following day. It was not possible to demonstrate any diurnal variations in the labeling and mitotic indices. Furthermore, biopsies were taken at various intervals after ingestion of a protein-rich meal, preceded by 12 hr of fasting. Significant changes in cell proliferation were not found either in antral or in fundic mucosa, indicating that a meal does not affect the rate of cell renewal in human gastric mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A method to study cell proliferation kinetics in human gastric mucosa.

The purpose of this investigation was to study cell proliferation kinetics in human gastric mucosa. Biopsies were taken from the antral and fundic part of the stomach through a fibre-gastroscope and incubated in culture medium containing a DNA-precursor (3-H-thymidine). Autoradiographs were prepared by the dipping technique. The number of labelled cells and the total number of cells in all cross sections of foveolae containing one or more labelled cells were counted. The labelling index (LI), which is defined as the percentage of labelled cells in the progenitor cell region, was estimated. When only cross sections with labelled cells are taken into consideration, the labelling index will be a little overestimated. In order to reduce this error a formula for correction was worked out. Thirty-six patients with different gastric diseases were studied. The observer error was minimal, and the results were highly reproducible. It was not possible to demonstrate any correlation between the labelling indices in antral and fundic mucosa. A significantly increased epithelial proliferation was found in fundic mucosa from patients with gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Healing of duodenal and prepyloric ulcers after selective and highly selective vagotomy.

Thirty-six patients with duodenal or prepyloric ulcers who were treated by selective or highly selective vagotomy were followed up endoscopically. In one group of 21 patients examined 2 weeks after the operation, 67 per cent of the ulcers were healed. In another group of 15 patients endoscopy performed 2 months after the operation revealed that 93 per cent of the ulcers were healed. On comparing with previously reported endoscopical observations concerning spontaneous healing of duodenal ulcers, it can be concluded that vagotomy significantly promotes the healing of duodenal and prepyloric ulcers.

Adult↗