PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Radaszkiewicz

Publications and source records attributed to T Radaszkiewicz.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Expression of the leucocyte integrin LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and its ligand ICAM-1 (CD54) in lymphoid malignancies is related to lineage derivation and stage of differentiation but not to tumor grade.

The leucocyte adhesion molecule LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and its counter structure ICAM-1 (CD54) play a pivotal role in cell-cell interactions in the immune system and hence their expression on malignant cells might play an important role in determining the biological behavior of lymphoid malignancies. This study examined the LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and ICAM-1 (CD54) expression profiles of a large series of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL, n = 220) and lymphoid leukemias (LL, n = 48), which, by their differentiation-antigen phenotype represented essentially all stages of lymphoid development from stem cell to mature activated T- and B-lymphocyte. It was found that NHL and LL differentially express LFA-1 and ICAM-1 molecules according to their lineage derivation, stage of differentiation, and growth pattern. Specifically: (a) T-cell neoplasms nearly always express LFA-1 whereas B-cell tumors are often LFA-1 low/negative; (b) ICAM-1 expression is largely confined to tumors with a mature or activated T- or B-cell phenotype; (c) neoplasms with a leukemic dissemination pattern are either ICAM-1 low or negative. Importantly, neither LFA-1 nor ICAM-1 expression was related to tumor grade.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

[Experiences with liver transplantation in hepatitis B antigen positive liver cirrhosis].

From 1982 to January 1991 228 orthotopic liver transplantations (OLT) were performed in 213 patients with end-stage disease at the Vienna transplantation centre, 1st University Department of Surgery. 14 patients were serum HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive at the time of transplantation. In the first 4 patients only OLT was performed; postoperatively all grafts became reinfected and the patients developed chronic hepatitis. In a further series, immunoprophylaxis against hepatitis B virus reinfection was carried out with hyperimmuneglobulin. In 4 patients short-term immunoprophylaxis was performed; all of them were seronegative after OLT, but HBsAg ++reoccurred in the serum within 3-16 weeks after transplantation and all patients experienced reinfection of their graft. The 2 patients, who had been transplanted in a replicative state (HBeAg positive) showed a fatal course of hepatitis in the graft. Out of 6 patients given long-term immunoprophylaxis 3 cases showed stable liver function, without any signs of reinfection, and the HBsAg negative status remained for up to 19 months after transplantation. Since two patients displayed a HBV replicate status prior to transplantation, alpha interferon was administered preoperatively, which resulted in decreased serum HBV-DNA levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Myelosarcoma of the ovary].

The case is reported of a patient with granulocytic sarcoma of the right ovary and infiltration of granulocytic precursor cells into abdominal lymph nodes without any evidence of acute leukaemia on examination of the blood and bone marrow. Removal of the tumour and subsequent polychemotherapy was followed by remission. A local recurrence was treated with radiation and high-dose polychemotherapy. The patient has now been in complete remission for seven years. Thus, granulocytic sarcoma may have a good prognosis if treated with aggressive therapy, including operation, radiation, and high-dosage polychemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Recombinant human interleukin 3 induces proliferation of inflammatory cells and keratinocytes in vivo.

In this preclinical study we investigated the effect(s) of recombinant human (rh) interleukin 3 (IL-3) on hemopoietic differentiation and attempted to evaluate possible clinical side effects of this hemopoietic growth factor. Rh IL-3, derived from either Escherichia coli or Chinese hamster ovary, was administered subcutaneously to 16 rhesus monkeys (by pairs) at different doses (11, 33, and 100 micrograms/kg/day) for 14 days. During the 2nd week of administration white blood cell counts increased 2- to 3-fold mainly because of a dose-dependent elevation of basophils (up to 40% of white blood cells) and eosinophils. In addition, moderate to marked elevations of plasma histamine levels were measured. Transient diarrhea and an erythematous skin rash with generalized cutaneous lesions that was not restricted to the injection sites were present in 3 of 6 animals treated with E. coli-derived rh IL-3 (1 of 2 animals that received 33 micrograms/kg and 2 of 2 that received 100 micrograms/kg) and 2 of 6 monkeys treated with Chinese hamster ovary-derived rh IL-3 (1 of 2 that received 33 micrograms/kg and 1 of 2 that received 100 micrograms/kg), respectively. Histopathologic and immunohistologic evaluation of skin specimens revealed a perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate interspersed with numerous mast cells. Signs of vasculitis were absent. The density of the perivascular infiltrate correlated not only with the dose of IL-3 but also with the duration of the skin eruption. Moreover, hyperproliferation of basal keratinocytes resulting in acanthosis was observed in lesions persisting for 1 and 4 days as also evidenced by a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in Ki-67 (a proliferation-associated marker)-positive basal keratinocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Expression of the human peripheral lymph node homing receptor (LECAM-1) in nodal and gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Lymphocyte migration to lymphoid organs involves tissue-specific homing receptors. A lectin-like surface glycoprotein of 80 kD, the LECAM-1 (LAM-1, Leu-8) antigen, has recently been shown to represent the human equivalent of the mouse peripheral lymph node homing receptor MEL-14. In this study, the expression of LECAM-1 was examined in 116 nodal and 53 gastrointestinal (GI) non-Hogdkin's lymphomas (NHL). This analysis revealed that whereas the majority of nodal lymphomas expressed LECAM-1, this molecule was generally absent on GI lymphomas. This difference was present in each subclass of lymphomas but was most significant among diffuse large-cell lymphomas of the B-lineage (83 versus 23%, p less than 0.0001) and among T-cell lymphomas (89 versus 0%, p less than 0.0001) with a nodal versus GI tract localization. The strong correlation between LECAM-1 expression and the localization of the lymphomas supports the concept that tissue-specific homing receptors, i.e. LECAM-1, play a role in the dissemination of NHL.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas: a clinicopathologic study of 75 cases.

Seventy-five peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTLs) were classified according to the recently proposed "Updated Kiel Classification of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas" (mycosis fungoides and Sezary's syndrome excluded). Thirty-seven PTLs belonged to the low-grade category (T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia [T-CLL], 3; lymphoepithelioid, 4; angioimmunoblastic, 22; T-zone, 6; pleomorphic small cell, 2) and 38 belonged to the high-grade category (pleomorphic medium and large cell, 24; immunoblastic, 1; large-cell anaplastic Ki-1-positive, 13). Loss of pan-T antigens occurred exclusively in high-grade PTLs; on paraffin sections UCHL 1 was slightly more sensitive than MT 1. Sixty patients presented with lymphadenopathy and 15 patients (20%) presented with extranodal disease most frequently affecting the skin and upper aerodigestive tract. B-cell lymphoma symptoms were found in 43 cases (57%) and bone marrow involvement (T-CLL excluded) was found in 12 cases (17%). Staging (T-CLL excluded) revealed stage I in 13%, stage II in 15%, and stages III and IV in 72% of the cases. Among the intensively treated patients, 37% achieved complete remission and 15 are still in complete remission after 4 to 79 months (median: 24 months). The overall median survival (MS) rate was 23 months. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma of pleomorphic medium and large-cell type was the most aggressive lymphoma (MS: 8 months). B-cell lymphoma symptoms, bone marrow involvement, and Ki-67 positivity 60% or greater significantly shortened survival times, whereas age (under 60 versus over 60 years), stage (I and II versus III and IV), and grade had no significant influence. Ki-67 reactivity was found to be a prognostic factor which allows prediction of probable poor outcome, especially in cases with limited stage of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Ki-1-positive large cell lymphoma. A clinicopathologic study of 41 cases.

We report the clinicopathologic findings of 41 patients with Ki-1 (CD30)-positive large cell lymphoma. The median age was 50 years; 13 patients were under 40 years of age. Ten patients presented with extranodal disease. Fifty-five percent of the patients presented with stage I or II disease, and bone marrow involvement was histologically documented in 30% and occurred exclusively in patients over 40 years of age. Two cytomorphologically distinct groups of Ki-1--positive large cell lymphomas could be separated. Group A lymphomas consisted of pleomorphic large cells, sometimes with wreathlike and embryo-like nuclei, whereas group B lymphomas displayed a rather monomorphic appearance. Clinically the two groups of lymphomas differed with respect to stage of disease, frequency of bone marrow involvement, and median survival. On paraffin sections, the Ki-1--related antibody Ber-H2 provided excellent staining results in all cases. Immunologic phenotyping disclosed a T cell type in the majority of cases, revealed marked loss of differentiation antigens, and frequent expression of HLA-DR and IL-2 receptor. The overall median survival was 13 months. Age below 40 years, limited stage of disease (I and II), and, although not statistically significant, lymphoma morphology were associated with longer survival. We conclude, that Ki-1--positive large cell lymphomas represent a morphologically and immunologically heterogeneous category of hematolymphoid neoplasms derived from dedifferentiated and activated lymphoid cells with marked age-dependent prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Interferon-alpha-induced morphological changes of megakaryocytes: a histomorphometrical study on bone marrow biopsies in chronic myeloproliferative disorders with excessive thrombocytosis.

Interferon(rIFN)-alpha, a successful therapeutic agent in the control of thrombocytosis, has been shown to suppress human megakaryopoiesis. We investigated bone marrow biopsies from 12 patients with thrombocytosis due to chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Prior to treatment as well as during rIFN-alpha-2c therapy, several morphometric parameters of megakaryopoiesis were evaluated. Megakaryocyte density decreased significantly in all patients, megakaryocyte size decreased in polycythaemia vera, agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, and essential thrombocythaemia, but increased in chronic myeloid leukaemia. The various changes observed during therapy indicate an inhibitory effect of rIFN-alpha-2c on megakaryopoiesis and suggest a selective influence on megakaryocytes at various stages of maturation. Increased numbers of pyknotic (bare) nuclei may reflect a shortening of megakaryocyte life-span. No remarkable changes were found in the fibre content of the bone marrow.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Autologous rescue with blood-derived stem cells in a child with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Autologous blood-derived stem cells were used for stem-cell rescue in a 5-year-old boy with chemotherapy-resistant B-Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) involving bone marrow. The high dose chemoradiotherapy was carried out 5 months after initial diagnosis during partial remission. The preparative regimen consisted of 12 Gy fractionated, total-body irradiation (FTBI) before 60 mg/kg etoposide. There were 22.96 X 10(4)/kg body weight myeloid precursor cells, granulocyte-macrophage committed stem cells (CFU-GM) collected by intermittent blood flow separation with a Haemonetics 30R in two cytaphereses and stored in liquid nitrogen. Also 11, 82 X 10(4) CFU-GM/kg body weight were recovered and transfused after thawing. Rapid hematopoietic reconstitution ensued: Erythroid precursors were detected on day 9, 1 X 10(9)/L leucocytes were counted on day 11, and 0.5 X 10(9)/L granulocytes on day 13, respectively. The patient required 3 single-donor platelet transfusions, the last one on day 10. On day 17, 100 X 10(9)/L platelets were reached. A bone marrow aspirate on the same day showed good trilineage regeneration. The patient remained in complete remission 7 months after autografting with a normal stem cell content of the bone marrow and in the peripheral blood. On day 226, after stem cell infusion, a bone marrow relapse occurred.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1990

Adhesion molecules in the prognosis of diffuse large-cell lymphoma: expression of a lymphocyte homing receptor (CD44), LFA-1 (CD11a/18), and ICAM-1 (CD54).

Adhesive interactions between lymphocyte cell-surface receptors and components of the vascular endothelium and the extracellular matrix play an important role in the control of lymphocyte migration and homing. To investigate whether lymphocyte adhesion molecules involved in the migration of normal lymphocytes, i.e., CD44 homing receptor, LFA-1 (CD11a/18), and ICAM-1 (CD54), also play a role in the spread and hence in the disease course of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), expression of these molecules was examined in 78 cases of diffuse large-cell lymphoma. Other potential risk factors considered in this study were sex, age, primary tumor localization, lineage (T cell vs. B cell), and histopathological subtype. 27 of 53 (51%) patients with a lymphoma having a high CD44 antigen expression showed tumor spread beyond stage II at diagnosis while this was the case in only three of 25 (12%) patients with lymphomas that were CD44 low/negative (chi-square 25.4, p less than 0.001). Similarly, poor response to treatment, i.e., absence of remission or relapse, and or death from lymphoma, was more common among patients with lymphomas expressing high levels of CD44; actuarial survival among patients with CD44 high and low lymphomas was 47% and 91%, respectively (Mantel-Cox 6.1, p = 0.02). Neither LFA-1 nor ICAM-1 expression showed a significant correlation to lymphoma dissemination or disease course. Of the other factors considered, T cell phenotype was associated with an unfavorable prognosis while nodal localization was a risk factor for dissemination. Taken together, our findings suggest that CD44 antigen expression plays an important role in the dissemination of NHL and via this mechanism exerts an unfavorable prognostic influence.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1989

Long-term interferon therapy for thrombocytosis in myeloproliferative diseases.

31 patients with thrombocytosis associated with myeloproliferative disorders were included in a prospective trial of long-term interferon therapy. 6 patients (19%) had side-effects which required withdrawal of interferon within one year. 22 patients (71%) achieved and maintained a complete response (platelet count less than 440 x 10(9)/l) for at least twelve months, with reduction or abolition of symptoms associated with thrombocytosis and a significant fall in bone-marrow megakaryocytes. At twelve months, 25 patients were randomly allocated to maintenance or withdrawal of interferon. Thrombocytosis recurred rapidly when treatment was stopped, but a second remission could be achieved by resumption of interferon therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Predisposition to lymphomagenesis in pim-1 transgenic mice: cooperation with c-myc and N-myc in murine leukemia virus-induced tumors.

Transgenic mice bearing the pim-1 gene supplemented with an upstream immunoglobulin enhancer and a downstream murine leukemia virus long terminal repeat express pim-1 mRNA at high levels in both B and T cells. Between 5% and 10% of the pim-1 transgenic mice develop clonal T cell lymphomas before 7 months of age, whereas none of the age-matched control mice do, providing direct evidence for the oncogenic potential of pim-1. Histological examination and FACS analysis revealed no abnormalities in hematopoietic tissues of disease-free pim-1 transgenic mice. When newborn pim-1 transgenic mice are infected with MuLV, T cell lymphomas develop much faster (latency 7-8 weeks) than in nontransgenic mice (latency 22 weeks). In all these T cell lymphomas either c-myc or N-myc was activated by proviral insertion, suggesting strong cooperation between pim-1 and myc in lymphomagenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Primary peripheral T cell lymphoma in a kidney transplant under immunosuppression with cyclosporine A.

A 56-year-old patient received a cadaveric renal allograft because of primary cystic kidney disease. The donor was a 28-year-old man who died from head trauma. No other major illnesses were present at the time of transplantation. Immunosuppression was performed with cyclosporine A and steroids. After 3 months, the patient presented with fever and abdominal pain which was located in the region of the allograft. Ultrasonography demonstrated a tumor mass at the renal transplant hilus that was suspected to be an infected hematoma. Kidney biopsy from the cortex revealed only severe morphologic signs of cyclosporine A toxicity which was due to high cyclosporine A levels during the first 2 months after transplantation. The patient died from pulmonary embolism 6 months posttransplant. Histologic evaluation of the tumor specimens obtained at autopsy showed an extensive infiltration of the renal hilus and the medulla by a peripheral T cell lymphoma of the large-cell type. The T cell origin was confirmed by immunohistochemistry using the T cell-associated monoclonal antibodies UCHL-1 and MT1.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Monoclonality and polyclonality of plasma cells in Castleman's disease of the plasma cell variant.

Castleman's disease of the plasma cell variant observed in 21 patients was investigated morphologically and by immunohistochemistry. The male to female ratio was 2.5:1. The age ranged from 18 to 71 years (mean age 47.6 years). Histologically, the lesions were characterized by numerous, evenly distributed germinal centres ranging from large hyperplastic to small hyaline-vascular types with moderate to extensive sheets of plasma cells in between. In all cases with generalized lymph node enlargement dilated sinuses could be found. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated a polyclonal plasma cell population in 11 of 18 lesions. Seven lesions contained a monoclonal plasma cell population, five with IgG/lambda and two with IgA/lambda; clinically, two of these patients had generalized lymphadenopathy; in none could manifestation of a plasmacytoma be found outside the lymph node lesion; only two of the seven patients exhibited a paraproteinaemia (IgG/lambda and IgA/lambda, respectively) corresponding to the Ig type of the proliferated plasma cells. Six patients with polyclonal lesions had constitutional symptoms such as fever, anaemia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia; one of these six patients manifested symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of Takatsuki syndrome. The monoclonal plasma cell type of Castleman's disease did not progress to a generalized disease. This monoclonal variant may be a lymph nodebased type of benign monoclonal gammopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

["Brown bowel" syndrome--lipofuscinosis of the intestine as a cause of atonia].

We report on a 42 year old male patient having been ill with pseudo-pobstruction and gastroinstestinal atonid for 24 years. He was thought to suffer from Crohn's disease and was treated conservatively. Since the therapy proved to be insufficient, explorative laparatomie was performed and parts of the small and large intestine which were thought to be inflamed, were removed. The histologic examination revealed the deposition of a significant amount of lipofuscin in the muscularis propria. This so-called brown bowel syndrome is known to be responsible for the development of gastrointestinal atonia. It is generally believed that this syndrome is caused by a vitamin E deficiency which may occur due to malabsorption. The brown bowel syndrome is treated sympomatically, and until now only one case achieving a remission of the disease has been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Recombinant alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) for progressive hairy-cell leukemia (HCL): a study in previously untreated nonsplenectomized patients.

Ten nonsplenectomized patients (5 males, 5 females) with hairy-cell leukemia were treated with recombinant alpha-IFN. The median age of patients was 54 years (32-76 years). The time between diagnosis and onset of treatment ranged from 1-120 months. Initially the patients received 5 x 10(6) I.U. daily by intramuscular or subcutaneous injections for 10 weeks. Thereafter the dose of IFN was reduced to 5 x 10(6) I.U. 3 x weekly and after 6 months to 5 x 10(6) I.U. 2 x weekly for at least 6 months. The median time of patient follow-up is 23 months (4-28 months). Three complete remissions were achieved after 3-24 months and five partial remissions after 4-18 months. One patient showed improvement after 3 months, and one patient died from cerebral hemorrhage after 5 weeks. In eight of ten patients peripheral blood cell counts normalized after a median of 7 months (1.5-11 months). A marked reduction in spleen size was observed in all seven patients who had splenomegaly at study entry. Two of three patients who interrupted therapy have relapsed after 2 and 6 months. We conclude that alpha-interferon is an effective method of first-line treatment in patients with HCL.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

B-cell differentiation pattern of cutaneous lymphomas in infancy and childhood.

This article documents four children with cutaneous lymphomas. Two of them had regional disease and the other two already had disseminated disease when they were diagnosed. Immunophenotyping of the lymphomatous infiltration disclosed a cell antigen profile with pre-pre-B (HLA-DR+, CALLA+, VIB-C5+), pre-B (HLADR+, CALLA+, VIB-C5+, cytoplasmatic immunoglobulin+), and transitional pre-B characteristics (HLA-DR+, CALLA+, VIB-C5+, surface immunoglobulin+). The morphology of the blast cells in all patients showed features of lymphoblastic lymphoma. Two patients had the convoluted cell type in common, but they were immunologically different, one displaying pre-pre-B and the other pre-B immunophenotypes. The remaining two cases were diagnosed as lymphoblastic lymphomas "type others" according to the Kiel Classification, one with pre-B and the other with transitional pre-B characteristics. The morphologic and immunohistochemical parameters as well as the clinical data from the four cases clearly indicate the heterogeneity of cutaneous non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in children.

Antineoplastic Agents↗