PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Ramsay

Publications and source records attributed to T Ramsay.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy in postmenopausal bleeding.

We compared transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy with dilatation and curettage findings in 45 women with atypical postmenopausal bleedings. The histological diagnosis was atrophy in eight (17.8%) women, hormonal effects in 14 (31.1%), endometrial polyp in 19 (42.2%) and adenocarcinoma in four (8.8%). Hysteroscopy detected 16 (78.9%) of the 19 cases with polyps and two of the four with carcinoma. Sensitivity and specificity for endometrial pathology were 86.9% and 91.7% respectively. A polyp was directly diagnosed by transvaginal sonography in 13 (57.9%) women and an infiltrative endometrial cancer in two. Sensitivity and specificity for endometrial pathology were 73.9% and 95.7% respectively. All but one case of endometrial pathology were found when the endometrium (both layers) was thicker than 5 mm. Thus, an endometrial thickness of > or = 5 mm had a sensitivity of 95.7%, a specificity of 45.5% and a positive predictive value of 64.7% for endometrial pathology. This study shows that transvaginal scanning allows detection of an endometrial pathology in the vast majority of cases and it may be used as the first diagnostic step in the investigation of women with atypical postmenopausal bleeding.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

A prospective study of 63 couples with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion: contributing factors and outcome of subsequent pregnancies.

To evaluate the possible causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and to elucidate the prognosis for subsequent pregnancies 63 RSA patients were studied. Parental karyotyping revealed chromosomal aberrations in six of the 63 couples (4.8%). The rate of increased concentrations of antibodies against cardiolipin was comparable in the patients (10.0%) and in 30 parous controls (6.7%), as was also the occurrence of other autoantibodies (43.3 and 36.7%, respectively). Hysteroscopy revealed uterine cavity abnormalities in 11 of the 55 patients studied (20.0%). Altogether, for 35 RSA women (55.4%) investigations resulted in entirely normal findings; abnormal findings were more frequently encountered in primary aborters (56.8%) than in secondary aborters (26.9%, P < 0.05). During the follow-up period of 24.1 +/- 15.4 months, 48 patients became pregnant a total of 65 times, and the cumulative live birth rate was 62.5%. A living fetus was seen in ultrasound examination in 46 pregnancies (70.7%), whereas a blighted ovum was diagnosed in nine pregnancies (13.8%). An additional nine pregnancies aborted so suddenly that no ultrasound examination was performed, and one ectopic pregnancy was treated laparoscopically. Of the initially viable pregnancies, 13 (28.3%) ended in miscarriage and two were terminated due to fetal anomalies. Normal findings in the investigations were associated with a smaller risk for abortion (40.0%) than were abnormal findings (65.5%, P < 0.05). Of the 30 babies, six (20.0%, with babies from one twin pregnancy excluded) were growth-retarded, 9.7% were born before 37 weeks of gestation, and 22.8% of the mothers had impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1985

Adipocyte development in primary rat cell cultures, effect of cell density and serum source.

The development of adipocytes was studied in primary cultures of rat adipose tissue stromal-vascular cells on collagen-coated glass coverslips. The effects of cell density and serum source on lipoprotein lipase (LPL), esterase and lipid histochemistry were evaluated. With a mixture of fetal calf serum (FCS; 2%), horse serum (2%) and pig serum (PS; 10%), large and loosely arranged clusters of adipocytes developed with time through an increase in cell number and size. An inverse relationship was observed between cell size and the number of adipocytes in a cluster. Lower cell densities were associated with large cells and the densest areas contained smaller cells. Unilocular adipocytes were observed by d 13 after plating and were generally absent from the densest area of the coverslips. Histochemically detectable LPL activity was demonstrable before lipid deposition in adipocyte clusters. A comparison of FCS (10%) and PS (10%) as the only serum sources indicated higher level of adipocyte esterase activity and lipid deposition in PS cultures. Cultures of cells from weanling (21 to 28 d old) and old (18 mo) rats were similar, whereas cells from younger rats (2 to 4 d old) formed denser cultures that contained fewer adipocytes. These adipocytes were small (less than 30 micron) and morphologically homogeneous (all multilocular). When cells from the very young rats (2 to 4 d old) were plated at low densities, an inverse relationship between cell size and number of cells in a cluster was also observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

Adipocyte development.

Our understanding of adipocyte development has advanced rapidly over the last ten years. New developments in adipocyte methodologies have allowed rapid progress. Both histochemical and ultrastructural evaluation of normal and abnormal adipocyte development has increased our understanding of the complexities of cell proliferation and differentiation and the identification of the adipocyte precursor. Adipose tissue transplant studies have shown that some forms of genetic obesity do not involve inherent differences in the adipocyte but do involve some serum factor which predisposes an individual to adipocyte hypertrophy. Cell culture procedures have been developed recently which will allow us to answer more difficult questions concerning adipocyte proliferation and its regulation. The ultimate goals of understanding the complexities of adipocyte development should lead to some practical approaches for the prevention and control of childhood obesity.

Adipose Tissue↗