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T Reinhart

Publications and source records attributed to T Reinhart.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

MYCN expression is not prognostic of adverse outcome in advanced-stage neuroblastoma with nonamplified MYCN.

PURPOSE: The clinical significance of MYCN expression in children with neuroblastoma (NB) remains controversial. To determine the prognostic significance of MYCN expression in the absence of MYCN amplification, we analyzed MYCN mRNA and protein expression in tumors from 69 patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-nine NB tumor samples with nonamplified MYCN from patients with stage C or D disease were obtained from the Pediatric Oncology Group Neuroblastoma Tumor Bank. MYCN mRNA was analyzed using a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay, and MYCN protein was examined by Western blot analyses. RESULTS: The estimated 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and survival (S) rates plus SE for the cohort were 57% +/- 17% and 60% +/- 16%, respectively. Infants younger than 1 year had significantly higher rates of EFS and S than children >/= 1 year of age (P =.003 and P <.001, respectively); patients with stage C disease had better outcome than those with stage D NB (P <.001); and patients with hyperdiploid tumors had better outcome than those with diploid NB (P <.001). Surprisingly, outcome was slightly better for patients with high versus low levels of MYCN mRNA expression (4-year S, 70% +/- 13% v 50% +/- 16%; P =.290), and for patients with tumors that expressed MYCN protein (4-year S, 73% +/- 19% v 53% +/- 15%, respectively; P =.171). CONCLUSION: High levels of MYCN expression are not prognostic of adverse outcome in patients with advanced-stage NB with nonamplified MYCN. A trend associating high levels of MYCN expression with improved outcome was observed.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1995

[The hemolysis and solubilization behavior of nonionic polymer surface-active agents classes].

The solubilization of poorly water soluble drugs in surfactant solutions is still a problem in pharmaceutical technology. There doesn't exist any surfactant which can be applied unrestricted in parenteral dosage forms. For this reason, alkylpolyglycosides and fatty esters of dextran were investigated. Their solubilization behaviour and hemolytic activity was tested and compared to established surfactants. For solubilization, only water soluble surfactants can be used. That means, that only alkylpolyglycosides with two or more glucose units and dextran esters with a degree of substitution of 0.1 or less may be applied. The determination of the CMC of alkylpolyglycosides by solubilization of fluorescent substances shows a plot, typical for monomeric surfactants. The dextran esters show no CMC. They actually are polymeric surfactants and form monomolecular micelles. The differences in hemolytic activity of the alkylpolyglycosides run up to the factor 100. The hemolytic activity increase in this class of surfactants with the elongation of the alkyl chain and decreases with increasing degree of glycosylation. It doesn't exist any correlation between the CMC and the hemolytic activity. For diazepam the differences in solubilization behaviour are rather low. The solubilization behaviour is more effective than that of Solutol HS 15. The hemolytic activity of the dextran fatty esters is low, compared with the alkylpolyglycosides.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1991

Immunization of chimpanzees confers protection against challenge with human immunodeficiency virus.

Sustained high titers of neutralizing antibodies were elicited in three chimpanzees after sequential injections of different human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) antigen preparations derived from the HIV-1 BRU strain that included whole inactivated virus or purified recombinant proteins and then synthetic peptides identical to the major HIV-1 neutralizing epitope V3. The animals were challenged i.v. with 40 chimpanzee infectious doses (equivalent to 100 tissue culture 50% infectious doses) of a stock of HIV-1 IIIB isolate. After 6 mo of follow-up, all three animals appeared uninfected by serologic and virologic criteria, including polymerase chain reaction analysis and failure to isolate virus from peripheral blood lymphocytes, bone marrow, and lymph node tissue. Of two chimpanzees monitored for 1 yr, virus was isolated initially from one animal at 32 weeks, but the second chimpanzee was virus negative by all assays through 12 mo; the third animal has remained virus negative through 9 mo of follow-up. These results indicate that it is possible to elicit protection against, or significantly delay infection of, HIV-1 by immunization, thus laying the foundation for development of an HIV-1 vaccine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗