PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Rhodes

Publications and source records attributed to T Rhodes.

82 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

HIV infection and AIDS in England: the experience, knowledge and intentions of community nursing staff.

A postal survey of 5243 community nursing staff throughout England sought information about their experience, education, knowledge, confidence and beliefs in relation to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). A response rate of 74% was obtained. While experience of patients positive for HIV antibody or with AIDS was limited, one-third of community nursing staff had encountered patients worried about HIV infection. However, most lacked confidence to provide health education, counselling and terminal care. A quarter felt that they should have the right to refuse to care for patients with AIDS, while 85% were concerned about their lack of experience. In order to play an effective role in the prevention and management of HIV infection, community nursing staff need to be assisted in making links between knowledge they already possess and its application to HIV infection, and in developing and practising skills.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed1990

HIV infection and AIDS in England and Wales: general practitioners' workload and contact with patients.

In mid-1988 a postal survey was conducted of one in five general practitioners in England and Wales, to examine their contact with people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or with worries about HIV infection or AIDS. The response rate was 63.9%. Of the 3339 respondents 22.7% knew of an asymptomatic HIV positive patient within their practice, 5.4% knew of a symptomatic HIV positive patient and 6.4% knew of a patient with AIDS. The estimated annual rate for HIV-related consultations in general practice (including consultations with the 'worried well') was 6.5 per 1000 population. HIV-related consultations occurred more frequently in the four Thames health regions than elsewhere. A sample of 715 practitioners who reported consultations with HIV infected people or those with worries about infection in the previous month, were invited to keep a diary of HIV-related consultations for one week. The response rate to the diary was 64%. Nineteen per cent of the 273 consultations recorded in the diaries were initiated by homosexual men, 16.5% by injecting drug users, 10.3% by the sexual partners of people at risk of infection; 42.9% of consultations were not associated with recognized risk factors. The results indicate that general practitioners have substantial contact with patients with HIV infection, with AIDS and with worries about HIV infection or AIDS. This contact is likely to increase, alongside the anticipated spread of HIV infection, with consequent implications for general practice resources.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

HIV infection, AIDS and community nursing staff in Scotland.

Little is known about the effects of the 'AIDS epidemic' on the work of community nursing staff. In order to ascertain the extent and nature of their work related to HIV infection and AIDS, and to assess their knowledge and beliefs, a postal survey of one in five community nursing staff in Scotland was carried out. A response rate of 85% was achieved. While only 3% of respondents had encountered a patient with AIDS, 11% had been involved with HIV antibody positive patients and 30% had encountered professionally others worried about or at high risk of infection. Findings show that, although community nursing staff consider they have a role to play in health education, counselling and terminal care, they largely feel lacking in confidence and ill-prepared for this role. Recommendations are made for improvements in education, and in the provision of information and policy, geared specifically to the roles of different types of community nursing staff in their day-to-day work.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Prevention in practice: obstacles and opportunities.

General Practitioners are excellently placed within the community to provide health education and advice in relation to HIV infection and AIDS. This paper will report on some of the findings from the first national study of HIV infection and general practice in England and Wales. The findings cast light on the preparedness of practitioners to undertake health education on HIV infection. Findings that relate to the extent of contact that practitioners have with people with HIV infection, people with AIDS and people with worries about HIV infection or AIDS will be discussed in the light of opportunities that are created for HIV-related health education and prevention. Findings that relate to practitioners' opinions about providing health education and counselling, about working with people who are gay, bisexual and injecting drugs, and about confidentiality and consent, will be discussed in the light of obstacles that exist to the effective provision of HIV-related health education and prevention. The paper will conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for primary health care responses to HIV infection in Britain.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Safer sex in practice.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The decision to seek care. Factors associated with the propensity to seek care in a community-based cohort of men.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate factors associated with a high propensity to seek care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional baseline component of a prospective cohort study. SETTING: Olmsted County, Minnesota. SUBJECTS: A randomly selected, community-based cohort of 2115 men aged 40 to 79 years on January 1, 1990. MEASUREMENTS: Participants completed a questionnaire that elicited information about the propensity to seek care by means of 7 hypothetical scenarios about physical illness. Also queried was the self-reported outpatient physician utilization in the previous year and sociodemographic factors. RESULTS: There was a significant association between propensity to seek care and physician utilization. Men with a high propensity to seek care were more likely to have had 4 or more physician visits (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-2.3). Bivariate analysis suggested significant associations between a propensity to seek care for physical reasons and retirement (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6), age of 65 years or more (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.5-2.4), incomplete high school education (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2), and an annual income of less than $25,000 (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that retired men were more likely to have a high propensity to seek care (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4), with the other variables no longer-being significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an association between propensity to seek care and physician utilization and retirement. In view of the increasing numbers of aged persons in the United States, this relatively higher propensity to seek health care among retired men may have a greater impact on the cost of health care for the aged than is fully appreciated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ethnicity, family history of hypertension and patterns of hemodynamic reactivity in boys.

This study compared blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, vascular resistance, and cardiac output responses to a video game challenge and forehead cold stressor in 6- to 15-year-old males who varied in ethnicity and family history of essential hypertension. Controlling for age, significant baseline differences were obtained with black boys exhibiting higher systolic and diastolic pressures than their white cohorts. Positive family history children were found to have higher cardiac outputs and stroke volumes indexed by body surface area during baseline. Controlling for baseline hemodynamic responses and age, positive family history children exhibited greater increases in systemic vascular resistance and systolic and diastolic pressure and greater decreases in heart rate to the cold stressor. The positive family history children exhibited greater decreases in cardiac index during both the video game and cold stressor phases. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are discussed.

Arousal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HIV infection and community nursing staff in Scotland--1. Experience, practice and education.

To assess the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for the work of community nursing staff, and to find out how community staff regard their contribution to the prevention of HIV infection, the care of people with AIDS and their preparation for this role was ascertained in a postal survey of one in five field staff carried out in Scotland. The 1,205 respondents represent an 85% response rate. While only 3% of respondents had experience of patients with AIDS, 11% had been involved with known asymptomatic HIV infection and 30% had encountered those they considered to be at high risk of infection. While the workload generated by HIV-infected patients for individual nurses at this time was small, there were variations in the proportions of staff involved according to type of staff and employing health board. Only one-fifth of those who had encountered HIV-positive patients had offered them health education, and fewer had referred patients to their general practitioners or offered counselling. However, community nursing staff do consider that they have a role to play in health education, counselling and terminal care, but feel ill equipped to carry out this role. There is an urgent need for policies which clearly specify the roles that community nursing staff should be playing and for in-service education programmes which assist them to draw on the knowledge and skills that they have to enable them to apply them to help patients with HIV infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HIV infection and community nursing staff in Scotland--2. Knowledge and attitudes.

Findings from a survey of community nursing staff in Scotland reveal that there is limited knowledge about many aspects of HIV infection. Respondents were concerned about their lack of experience and knowledge as well as the in-service education that they had received. A substantial minority of community nursing staff felt that they should have the right to refuse to care for HIV-infected patients and those whose lifestyle put them at risk of HIV infection. A majority of staff felt that health professionals who are most at risk of contact with HIV-infected materials should be informed of patients' HIV-antibody status without their consent. There were also some indications of a lack of confidence in service managers and recommendations are made regarding ways of increasing both the knowledge and confidence of front-line staff.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗