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Biomedical subjects

T Rosen

Publications and source records attributed to T Rosen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The effect of intralesional 5-fluorouracil therapeutic implant (MPI 5003) for treatment of basal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are usually treated with ablative procedures. A nonsurgical treatment alternative would be of value in selected patients. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a new preparation for intralesional sustained-release chemotherapy with MPI 5003, 5-Fluorouracil Therapeutic Implant, for treatment of BCCs. METHODS: Two doses of intralesional MPI 5003 (0.25 and 0.5 ml) were compared in a double-blind study of 20 patients with biopsy-proven BCC. One BCC per patient was treated weekly for up to 6 weeks and followed up monthly for 3 months until excisional biopsy for histologic examination. Before excision the cosmetic appearance of the test site was graded. RESULTS: Eighty percent of 10 BCCs treated with 0.5 ml of MPI 5003 had histologically confirmed cures as compared with 60% of 10 tumors treated with the lower dose (0.25 ml). Cosmetic assessments before excision were typically good to excellent. No systemic side effects occurred. CONCLUSION: Results indicate the potential of MPI 5003 for targeted local chemotherapy for BCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Shipboard medicine: a new niche for emergency medicine.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To describe the spectrum of illness that presents to shipboard hospitals and thereby recommend optimal qualifications for the ship's medical personnel. DESIGN: Retrospective review of medical logs from two cruise ships' hospitals. SETTINGS: Two passenger cruise ships, with seven-to-ten day cruises in the Caribbean. PARTICIPANTS: All patients presenting to the ships' hospitals from January 4, 1989, to June 10, 1989, on one ship and from October 13, 1990, to November 10, 1990, on another ship. METHODS: Analysis of ship medical logs with regard to patient complaint, diagnosis, and treatment. RESULTS: Of 1,547 new patient visits, 12% were related to injuries and 88% to medical problems; 97% of visits were noncritical, and 3% required immediate emergency intervention. Among these were four cardiac arrests, two stab wounds, two serious ocular injuries, one closed-head injury, and one near-drowning. Five patients required endotracheal intubation. CONCLUSION: There is a sizeable number of visits to ships' hospitals by patients with acute and serious problems of a wide variety. Physicians and nurses with significant emergency training or experience are best qualified to deal with this broad spectrum of patient problems in this isolated environment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Evidence for percutaneous inoculation as the mode of transmission for chromoblastomycosis.

The exact pathogenesis of chromoblastomycosis is unknown. Direct percutaneous inoculation, inhalation, and hematogenous dissemination have been implicated. We report a case of chromoblastomycosis that followed a well-defined episode of penetrating trauma. The causative organism, Fonsecaea pedrosi, was cultured from the patient's lesion and from the tree branch responsible for the trauma. This "natural" experiment supports the contention that one cause of chromoblastomycosis is traumatic cutaneous implantation of the fungus.

Chromoblastomycosis↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of Trichosporon beigelii. Colonization of normal perigenital skin.

Although the natural habitat of Trichosporon species is considered to be the soil, the role of normal skin in the carriage of Trichosporon beigelii is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of T. beigelii colonization on normal perigenital skin. Inguinal skin scrapings were obtained from 322 asymptomatic volunteers. There were 261 males and 61 females ranging in age from 18 to 89; 136 were white, 134 were black, and 52 were Hispanic. Specimens were cultured on Sabouraud's glucose agar containing 500 micrograms ml-1 chloramphenicol, and incubated at 23-26 degrees C for up to 4 weeks. The overall incidence of T. beigelii colonization was 12.4%. However, this varied with patient's age, sex, race and socioeconomic background. The highest prevalence (27.1%) was found in black males who attended a Veterans Affairs hospital. The prevalence was lowest in females (1.6%), and no patients who attended a private clinic were colonized. It was concluded that T. beigelii colonizes normal skin with some regularity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Naftifine treatment of resistant dermatophytosis.

Despite an array of topical and systemic antifungal agents, cases of resistant dermatophytosis still exist. Use of naftifine, the first commercially available allylamine derivative, proved successful in the management of four such cases.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1991

Naftifine treatment of trichomycosis pubis.

Naftifine hydrochloride 1% cream is a recently developed material of proven efficacy in superficial cutaneous fungal infections. The drug has also been reported to have significant antibacterial properties as well. A case of trichomycosis pubis, a bacterial disorder that can easily be mistaken for several fungal diseases, responded to application of naftifine cream. The authors suggest that this medication may be the drug of choice when the clinical presentation consists of nodules encircling pubic or axillary hair.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

"Superficially speaking"--a dermatology quiz.

This presentation is a dermatology case in quiz form with a 4-point differential. The patient, a 44-year-old man admitted to Psychiatry Service for management of chronic psychosis, was noted to have multiple, circular, well-circumscribed violaceous cutaneous plaques resembling various dermatological conditions. This case underscores the importance of careful historical, clinical, and laboratory investigation to establish the correct diagnosis when evaluating skin lesions. Judicious laboratory testing may be helpful in excluding diseases such as syphilis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which may mimic other dermatological conditions. Test your clinical acumen by deciding on a diagnosis. The correct answer is revealed in the discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cultural diagnosis of chancroid.

Culture of Haemophilus ducreyi remains the definitive way to diagnose chancroid. Since its discovery in 1889, cultural isolation of this fastidious organism has been a challenge for clinicians and microbiologists. A recent chancroid epidemic in our locale prompted a review of available culture techniques. Despite the development of various selective solid media in the last 20 years, cultural diagnosis of chancroid remains problematic. Many pitfalls may complicate this procedure, such as concomitant syphilis, syphilis, or herpes progenitalis simulating chancroid, strain differences in nutritional requirements, improper handling and delayed inoculation of clinical specimens, use of suboptimal growth conditions, and vancomycin hydrochloride-sensitive organisms. Highest cultural yield will be obtained by using enriched gonococcal agar base and enriched Müeller-Hinton agar in a biplate fashion. As most isolates are sensitive to vancomycin, incorporation of this antibiotic should be routine. However, screening for vancomycin-sensitive organisms is indicated when negative cultures are repeatedly obtained from clinically typical cases originating from the same community. Development of immunodiagnostic and DNA probe tests is underway.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1991

Cutaneous larva migrans due to Pelodera strongyloides.

A twenty-year-old landscape worker was evaluated for a widespread cutaneous eruption consisting of papules, pustules, and burrows. Cutaneous scrapings revealed live and dead larvae of a free-living soil nematode, Pelodera strongyloides. This is the third instance of human dermatitis due to this organism, and the first reported in an adult host.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents.

In summary, the last decade has been a highly fertile and productive period in quinolone medicinal chemistry, resulting in major improvements in potency, antibacterial spectra, oral absorption and pharmacokinetic properties as well as an increased knowledge of the molecular features important to conferring these various properties. Very recent discoveries concerning replacements for the 3-carboxylic acid moiety, previously thought to be uniquely essential for activity, to give highly potent antibacterials such as (83) illustrate the potential for new breakthroughs in this field. Among the major goals for future research remains the understanding of the potential cartilage toxicity associated with this class of agents, such that an agent useful for pediatric indications may be developed. Future studies can also be expected to further enhance and refine the level of current insight into the manner by which these agents inhibit the target enzyme on a molecular level.

4-Quinolones↗