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Biomedical subjects

T Rost

Publications and source records attributed to T Rost.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Contact shot with unusual soot pattern.

In a suicidal shot to the temple two roundish zones of powder soot blackening were found above the entrance wound. The paired zones of powder soot blackening were caused by two gas outlets located on the upper side of the muzzle end of the weapon used (converted blank cartridge pistol of make Rhöner). The conclusions that can be drawn from this particular soot pattern with regard to the type of the weapon, the muzzle-to-target distance, the direction of fire and the way of holding the weapon are discussed.

Forensic Ballistics↗
PubMed1998

The degree of destruction of human bodies in relation to the duration of the fire.

The changes occurring during cremation were watched and documented in 15 undissected bodies to be cremated. It was found that at temperatures between 670 and 810 degrees C the body showed the "pugilistic attitude" after about 10 minutes. After 20 minutes the calvaria was free from any soft tissue and fissures of the tabula externa could be noticed. The body cavities became visible after approximately 30 minutes, so that the organs were exposed. Forty minutes after cremation had started, the internal organs were severely shrunken and showed a net-like or sponge-like structure. After about 50 minutes the extremities were destroyed to an extent leaving only the torso which broke apart after 1-1.5 hours. The complete incineration of a human body took about 2-3 hours.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Fractures of the base of the skull in charred bodies--post-mortem heat injuries or signs of mechanical traumatisation?

Based on a recent case, in which an expert opinion had to be prepared, the question was investigated if fractures of the base of the skull can result from the influence of heat on the human skull. Neither the retrospective analysis of autopsy records nor the prospective examination of charred bodies revealed any cases with heat-induced fractures of the base of the skull. Observation of cremations showed that the changes caused by the fire followed certain rules: fractures of the calvaria were seen after approximately 20 min; the base of the skull became exposed after about 45 to 60 min. In none of the 20 cremations watched could any fractures of the base of the skull be detected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Endoscopic ultrasound of pathological mediastinal findings].

INTRODUCTION: Mediastinal diseases are mostly diagnosed by CT and MRI. The applicability of ultrasound is limited by the surrounding air- and bone-containing thorax, which permits only restricted echo windows. Transesophageal endoscopic ultrasonography circumvents this problem and ensures visualization of parts of the mediastinum. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We report our results in 38 patients with pathological mediastinal findings who were examined by endoscopic ultrasound between 1988 and 1993. The diagnoses were established by imaging and/or histological procedures. RESULTS: The following mediastinal diseases were diagnosed in 38 patients: aberrant right subclavian artery (n = 3), right aortic arch (n = 1), aortic aneurysm (n = 6), cysts (n = 4), retrosternal struma (n = 3), mediastinal lymph node tuberculosis (n = 1), Hodgkin's/non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (n = 11), lymph node involvement in bronchogenic carcinoma (n = 8), mediastinal inflammatory fibrosarcoma (n = 1). Altogether, 37/38 pathological findings were demonstrated endosonographically. CONCLUSIONS: The results in this small group of patients with pathological mediastinal findings show that endoscopic ultrasound can give additional information to conventional imaging methods. A prospective comparative study is necessary to evaluate this procedure in comparison to the established imaging techniques.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1991

Cell-specific expression of plant histone H2A genes.

Histone H2A is a component of eukaryotic chromatin whose expression has not been studied in plants. We isolated and characterized a tomato and a pea cDNA encoding histone H2A. We found that in tomato H2A is encoded by a small gene family and that both the pea and the tomato mRNAs are polyadenylated. Tomato H2A has 82% amino acid residue identity to pea H2A, 83% to wheat, and 65% to human and yeast H2A. Plant H2As differ from fungal and animal H2As in their amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal regions. Carboxy-terminal plant H2A regions contain the motif SPKK, a peptide implicated in binding of A/T-rich DNA regions. By using RNA gel blot analysis, we determined that the steady-state mRNA level of these genes was abundant in apices and early developing fruit and very low in mature tissues. In situ RNA hybridization showed strong spatial regulation because the mRNA was abundant in some cells and not detectable in others. In tomato shoot tips, H2A-expressing cells were distributed irregularly in or near meristems. In tomato or pea root tips, expressing cells were concentrated near the apex, and their distribution was consistent with that expected of cycling cells. Other H2A transcripts were found in nondividing cortical cells that are known to undergo endoduplication during the late maturation phase of primary development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reduction of LOX- and LOXL2-mRNA expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

BACKGROUND: Besides other molecular functions, the lysyl oxidase gene (LOX) has been assumed and shown to have a tumor suppressive function in vitro and in vivo. The cancer-related functions of both LOX and LOXL2 have not yet been investigated in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined the mRNA levels of LOX and LOXL2 in ten malignantly transformed cell lines and sixteen malignant tissue samples of different graded and staged HNSCC by RT-PCR. RESULTS: The LOX-mRNA level in both cell lines and tissues of HNSCC was markedly reduced as opposed to benign keratinocyte cell lines and mucosal tissue samples of the upper aerodigestive tract. Similar results were shown for LOXL2-mRNA levels in cell lines, whereas no reduction of LOXL2-mRNA levels was found in the malignantly transformed tissues. CONCLUSION: These findings support the presumption that LOX is involved in tumor suppressive processes and also of LOXL2 playing a role in malignant transformation.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗