Biomedical subjects

T S Oluleye

Publications and source records attributed to T S Oluleye.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

The aetiology of optic atrophy in Nigerians--a general hospital clinic study.

This study aimed at reviewing cases presenting with optic atrophy at the eye clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria with a view to identifying some of the diagnostic problems. The study was a retrospective review of 100 cases selected by systematic random sampling method of a total of 6160 patients presenting with optic atrophy to the eye clinic over 6 years (April 1990 to March 1996). Diagnosis was based on ophthalmoscopic appearance of optic disc corroborated with visual field studies. The mean age of the patients was 40.8 years. The male to female ratio was 2:1 bilateral. Eighty percentages were bilateral, whereas 20% were unilateral. Only in 38% of cases could the cause of the optic atrophy be identified. The most frequently diagnosed were cranio-orbital neoplasms (8%), those referable to trauma (8%), hydrocephalus (7%), retinitis pigmentosa (3%) and post infectious (2%). Other causes include toxins, congenital, seizure disorders, birth asphyxia and papilloedema. In 62% of cases, the aetiology cannot be satisfactorily elicited. Some suggestions have been made to overcome some of these diagnostic problems.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

The Ibadan glaucoma study.

To obtain epidemiological data on the prevalence and risk factors for open angle glaucoma in hospital workers of African origin, and investigate appropriate methods of a rapid, cost-effective screening procedure for glaucoma. A cross-sectional study of workers in the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan, using a structured questionnaire for data collection. The variables available for data analysis include workers demographic characteristics, visual acuity, pupil status, intraocular pressure, cup-disc ratio, central visual fields, family history of glaucoma, chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. The data was analysed with EPI-INFO version 6.02 for simple analysis, while the SPSS package was used for multivariate analysis. A total of two thousand, one hundred and nine (2,109) UCH workers participated in the screening exercise for glaucoma. A high majority of the workers 1794 (85.1%) were negative to the diagnosis of glaucoma, while the remaining 315 (14.9%) were suspected to have glaucoma out of which 57 (2.7%) were confirmed as definite glaucoma cases. The prevalence of glaucoma among UCH workers was 27 per 1000, 95%, confidence interval = 20 per 1000, 35 per 1000. Factors associated with glaucoma were relative afferent pupillary defect, cup-disc ratio greater than 0.7, intraocular pressure, family history of glaucoma and the presence of chronic diseases such as diabetes. The left eye appears to have a higher probability of ocular problems compared with the right eye. The prevalence of glaucoma among hospital workers was 2.7% The cup-disc ratio appears to be a better diagnostic tool for glaucoma since it gives the best positive predictive value (with a cut-off point of 0.7) than all other variables.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cataract blindness and barriers to cataract surgical intervention in three rural communities of Oyo State, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: The study was a community based field survey that used a rapid assessment method to determine the prevalence of cataract blindness in people aged 50 years and above in 3 rural communities. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of cataract blindness and barriers to cataract surgical intervention in an area served by a health facility managed by a tertiary institution. METHOD: Abedo, Akinyele and Ketepe Villages in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State Nigeria were selected based on their nearness to the primary health care centre in Abedo. RESULT: A total of 477 persons aged 50 years and above were seen being 73.3 percent of expected. Those with visual acuity of less than 3/60 in an eye and those with visual acuity of less than 3/60 in the better eye were examined in more details using a pen torch, an ophthalmoscope and tonometer to determine the cause of blindness. All persons who have had surgery were examined. The prevalence of blindness in persons aged 50 years and above was 1.47% and that of cataract blindness in the same age group in the villages was 0.84% constituting 57.14% of blindness. The main barriers to hospital presentation were cost of surgery (52.8%) and distance to hospital (33.8%). The constraints and limitations encountered during the study included rural-urban migration and population discrepancies between what obtained at the villages and those supplied by the Local Government Population Commission. CONCLUSION: It is hoped that this study will serve as a preliminary survey and a base line for further studies and the initiation of a blindness prevention programme in the area.

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