DETECTION OF EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIFE--A REVIEW OF THE STATE OF THE ART.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to T SALL.
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Sall, Theodore (University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.). Interrelationship of extracellular enzymes and pseudocapsulation in a strain of Staphylococcus aureus. J. Bacteriol. 83:1238-1243. 1962.-A pathogenic strain of Staphylococcus aureus, grown in the presence of a high concentration of lactose, mannitol, and gelatin, produces a great deal of soluble coagulase and a comparatively small amount of gelatinase. Owing to the nature of the growth conditions, the soluble coagulase may be prevented from diffusing into the medium. This results in the formation of a capsulelike structure, which has been termed "pseudocapsule." Presence of soluble coagulase about the cells in vivo might offer some protection to the staphylococci against the humoral and cellular defenses of the host.
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A strain of pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus, grown under special conditions, accumulates extracellular metabolites about the bacterial cells. This phenomenon may simulate, but is differentiable from, the capsulation of, for instance, the mucoid "Smith" strain. The special nutrient requirements, namely lactose, mannitol, vitamin, and gelatin containing medium, promote the production and accumulation about the cells of, in particular, soluble coagulase. A mutant of this parent strain, deficient in capacity to elaborate soluble coagulase and fibrinolysin, does not accumulate metabolites about its cells, even under the special growth conditions. To avoid confusing this phenomenon, which at least in vitro is essentially artifactitious, with true capsulation, we suggest the term pseudocapsulation.
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