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Biomedical subjects

T Salmi

Publications and source records attributed to T Salmi.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Femoral neuropathy following anticoagulant therapy for "economy class syndrome" in a young woman. A case report.

Femoral nerve palsy occasionally occurs after retroperitoneal spontaneous haemorrhage complicating anticoagulant therapy. Spontaneous bleeding and such subsequent palsy arose in a young woman during anticoagulant therapy for deep vein thrombosis. The case is reported and the anatomic basis of the nerve lesion and the methods of treatment are discussed against the background of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Tumor and urine catecholamines (CATs) in neurogenic tumors. Correlations with other prognostic factors and survival.

This study was undertaken to better define the relationship between catecholamine (CAT) metabolism within the malignant neuroblast and other factors known to influence clinical outcome in neuroblastoma (NB). Several CATs and their metabolites were measured in 32 tumors and 47 urines from 60 newly diagnosed children with neurogenic tumors. Absolute and relative CAT concentrations were correlated with age, clinical stage, histologic differentiation and survival duration. The major findings are: (1) urinary CAT excretion patterns often differ markedly from tumor CAT patterns in the same child, which may be explained by the continuous nature of tumor metabolism, hepatic and renal catabolism, and sampling errors; (2) definite patterns of biochemical maturation are apparent in tumors and urines, but standard light microscopy is insufficient to correlate this with degree of histologic differentiation; (3) more differentiated patterns of CAT metabolism, both in tumor and urine, are significantly associated with age less than 1 year at diagnosis, and with more favorable clinical Stage (I, II, IVS). Tumor NE was increased relative to DM and DA, and urine NMN and VMA were increased relative to DM and HVA, in these patients. (4) this more differentiated CAT pattern in infants and in less advanced stages was reflected in their better survival. Greater maturity of tumor enzyme systems is the probable reason for the better prognosis of NB in infants less than 1 year. Individual enzymes should be measured in fresh tumor tissues, and related to relative and absolute CAT concentrations in tumor and urine, to try to categorize patients on the basis of clearcut biological differences when planning new treatment strategies for NB.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

A duration matching method for the measurement of jitter in single fibre EMG.

A new microprocessor method for on-line measurement of jitter in SFEMG is described. The method is based on a duration matching procedure: automatic detection of the repetitive occurrence of two single fibre potentials with stable durations and time-locked to one another. During the investigation of a motor unit a potential pair is accepted or rejected for the determination of jitter on the basis of the potential durations and the interpotential interval; the time criteria are set by the first potential pair measured. The measuring device consists of a microprocessor and an analog interface; it is small and can be connected to any EMG equipment. Compared with the methods previously described the duration matching method (a simple pattern recognition procedure) has the following advantages: the measurement during activation of several motor units is faster and more reliable; the 'technical jitter' is smaller, which allows a more accurate determination of the normal range. Consequently, the method yields values of physiological jitter which are significantly smaller than those previously described.

Computers, Analog↗
PubMed1983

Brainstem auditory-evoked potentials in progressive myoclonus epilepsy without Lafora bodies.

We studied brainstem auditory-evoked potentials of 11 patients suffering from the Finnish type of progressive myoclonus epilepsy (without Lafora bodies). All patients were ambulatory and had regular antiepileptic medication. The responses of 5 patients were interpreted as totally normal. In 6 cases there were slight deformations of the wave forms or of the amplitudes of the responses. The central conduction time of all patients was within the +/- 2 S.D. limits of the normal values. Postauricular muscular responses were not more prominent in patients than in controls. The results indicate that there is not any significant dysfunction in the cholinergic auditory pathways of the brainstem of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Slow EEG potentials preceding self-paced plantar flexions of hand and foot.

Slow EEG shifts preceding voluntary self-paced plantar flexions of hand and foot were studied in five healthy right handed subjects. The EEG was recorded from a coronal electrode chain at the central areas. The movements were preceded by slow negative shifts beginning even as early as one second before the movement and culminating in fast slopes during the early EMG activity at the onset of the movements. The EEG shifts preceding hand and foot movements were differently distributed over the scalp: hand movements were preceded by contralaterally maximal shifts a few hundred milliseconds before the movement, whereas the potential distribution preceding foot movements were symmetrical or ipsilaterally dominant. It is suggested that the differences in the scalp distributions are due to the different orientation of the current dipoles at the cortical motor areas of hand and foot.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of a massive single oral dose of oestradiol valerate in a young woman.

Effects of a massive single oral dose of oestradiol valerate were studied in a young woman. A slight increase in serum triglyceride and phospholipid concentrations was seen soon after the oestrogen administration. A marked rise in the serum cortisol concentration was evidently caused by psychic stress on the patient. The EEG examined on the first day after oestrogen administration showed findings typical of subcortical disturbance. One week later the EEG was normal. The low toxicity and slight side effects of a large overdosage of oestradiol valerate by month are worth noting.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

A new method for the induction of therapeutic amenorrhea: low dose endometrial afterloading irradiation. Clinical and hormonal studies.

The authors present a new method for the induction of therapeutic amenorrhea: low dose endometrial afterloading irradiation. The problem with this method has been how to inactivate the endometrium while maintaining the physiological function of the ovaries. In 5/29 young patients regular or irregular bleedings occurred after an endometrial dose of 11 +/- 1 Gy. These subjects were given a repeat low dose intrauterine irradiation. Thereafter no bleedings were found in four out of five patients. Two to 9 years after the repeat irradiation the plasma levels of E1, E2, FSH and LH corresponded closely to those of healthy women in reproductive age in three out of five patients; some high plasma P levels indicated ovulation. In two patients the E1, E2 and P values were more likely postmenopausal but, on the other hand, FSH and LH values reproductive ones. The endocrinological studies after one irradiation [5] and the medico-legal [15] and neuropsychiatric [17] aspects relevant to the method are presented elsewhere.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Therapeutic amenorrhoea induced by endometrial irradiation technique in mentally retarded women: neuropsychiatric aspects.

Menstruation may cause many difficulties in the care of mentally retarded women. We have applied the low-dose endometrial after-loading irradiation method for the termination of menstruation of such persons. So far, we have studied 29 women during the period 1970-1978. Twenty-two of them had earlier received gestagen treatment for the same purpose. The radiation dose was chosen in such a way that the dose in the endometrium was 14 Gy, giving an ovarian dose of about 4 Gy. One treatment gave a cessation of menstruation in 22 patients and two had minor flow with no clinical inconvenience, but five required a repeated irradiation. The hormonal changes after radiotherapy were found to be minor. The need for tranquilizers did not change. There were some changes in the frequency of epileptic seizures, possibly due to the termination of gestagen treatment, which has antiepileptic effects. The care of four of the 21 in-patients became so much easier after radiotherapy that they could be transferred to home care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Acute effects of alcohol on the peripheral nerves in diabetic polyneuropathy: a clinical and neurophysiological study.

Acute effects of alcohol on the peripheral nerves of seven patients with diabetic polyneuropathy and 13 healthy subjects were examined neurophysiologically. Ethanol (1 g/kg) caused a slight increase in skin temperature and motor conduction velocity in both groups. Motor distal latencies decreased in the healthy subjects, but increased among polyneuropathic patients after the consumption of alcohol. Diabetic nerves appear most susceptible to the acute effects of alcohol.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pituitary-ovarian hormones after low-dose endometrial afterloading irradiation.

Low-dose endometrial after loading irradiation was used in 19 mentally retarded women for the induction of therapeutic amenorrhea. They were divided into two subgroups on the basis of age: 13 young patients (mean age 17 years, range 13-26 years) and six patients of middle age (mean age 42 years, range 34-44 years). In the young patients, during the 10-month follow-up period, the plasma E2 levels did not decrease. However, the FSH concentration increased. Late on, 2-9 years after treatment, the E2 levels were significantly higher than those of healthy postmenopausal women and did not differ from the values of healthy women in the sixth to seventh days of the menstrual cycle. At that time the FSH and LH levels were similar to reference values in reproductive age. The E2/E1 ratio was significantly higher than that of healthy women in the sixth to seventh days of the cycle and that of postmenopausal women. Most of the menstrual cycles were anovulatory but some ovulatory also occurred. The testosterone concentrations did not differ from reference values. The ovaries of the middle age patients were more sensitive to irradiation than those of the younger patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Uterine malignant degeneration after low- dose endometrial irradiation.

The effectiveness of low-dose intrauterine irradiation for benign diseases and its possible carcinogenic effect on the uterus was studied in 190 patients who were treated during the years 1952-1974. The indications for irradiation were premenopausal functional bleeding, leukemia, hemophilia, fibroids, endometriosis or other benign reason. Radiation was also performed on patients with severe neurologic diseases that contraindicated surgery and on some mentally retarded patients whose restlessness and epileptic seizures were aggravated premenstrually and during menstruation. The mean follow-up period was 15 years. Uterine bleeding recurred in 21% of the patients. No cases of uterine malignant degeneration were found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Transient effect of L-tryptophan in progressive myoclonus epilepsy without Lafora bodies: clinical and electrophysiological study.

A double-blind crossover trial with 2 g L-tryptophan and placebo was carried out with five familial and two sporadic patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) without Lafora bodies. L-Tryptophan improved the clinical condition in six out of seven patients. Clinical improvement in ambulation, myoclonic jerks, and general condition was most evident. The change was statistically significant. In visual assessment of EEGs, the amount of paroxysmal activity and dysrhythmia of the background activity decreased in six out of seven patients on L-tryptophan. The quantitative EEG revealed a decrease in the power bands of theta, alpha, and beta activity in five of six patients on the second day of L-tryptophan treatment. In familial PME cases, the responses were consistently beneficial. With long-term L-tryptophan therapy, the effect disappeared or was even reversed in three of seven patients after 3 to 4 weeks. These findings indicate that therapy with serotonin precursors is worthy of further trial in PME and that deficient tryptophan metabolism may play a part in the etiology of PME without Lafora bodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Endometrial carcinoma risk factors, with special reference to the use of oestrogens.

A review of literature, mainly the results of studies conducted in America, shows obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, infertility/nulliparity, late menopause, high endogenous oestrogen production, and the use of oestrogens to be the main factors associated with the development of endometrial carcinoma. Whilst most of these factors undoubtedly apply irrespective of country, doubt in Finland about the use of oestrogens being a risk factor was one of the reasons prompting the study reported here. This study, which was conducted in Turku, Finland, involved 318 endometrial carcinoma patients, 282 of whom could be paired with controls matched for age, height and weight, and social class. The data show the use of oestrogens per se not to be a risk factor. The fact that there appears to be a risk in America, where most of the oestrogenic preparations used are based on conjugated equine oestrogens, but not in Finland, where the preference is for preparations based on oestriol and oestradiol and where conjugated oestrogen preparations are relatively rarely used, supports the hypothesis that the risk depends on the type of oestrogen used.

Aged↗