PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Sayama

Publications and source records attributed to T Sayama.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Laparoscopic nephrectomy. Animal experiment and clinical application].

Laparoscopic nephrectomy was carried out on 6 sows in order to develop the procedures of clinical laparoscopic nephrectomy and the equipment necessary for this operation. Based on the animal experiments, it was shown that (1) retroperitoneal approach was difficult due to narrow space. (2) there must be at least 5 cm distance between each trocar and 4 or 5 trocar 1 cm in diameter were basically required. (3) The procedure consisted of incision and dissection of the peritoneum around the kidney, cutting and ligation of the ureter, dissection along the medial side of the ureter to approach the renal pedicle and clipping and cutting of the renal vessels. (4) The equipment required for this surgery must be functionally equivalent to those used in the open surgery. (5) In addition, the specifically designed equipment, such as a morcellator and an instrument to ligate renal vessels are necessary. The first clinical case of laparoscopic nephrectomy was a 34 years old man with a right non-functioning hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction stricture. The surgery was successfully performed with a 110 ml blood loss. It took 7 and half hours because of abundant peri-renal fatty tissue and large extra-renal pelvis. The convalescence was uneventful. Laparoscopic nephrectomy can be applied on selected cases and the development of equipment will make the surgery more popular.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Stone burden on extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy].

Based on the 89 stones treated by ESWL therapy alone, the factors which influence the number of ESWL shots were analyzed. Stone volume was calculated by summing up the value "length x short axis" for each stone. The value correlated well with the number of shots needed to disintegrate the stone (p less than 0.01). The stones below the pelvis-ureteral junction needed twice shots compared with stones in the pelvis and calyces (80.3: 40.2, p less than 0.005). Stones formed by a single component of cystine or calcium oxalate were hard to be disintegrated (53.2: 31.6, compared with other complex stones). The radiological figure could not predict the fragility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Disappearance of bacteriuria after transurethral prostatectomy with special reference to the sensitivity to the used antimicrobials].

From 333 patients who underwent transurethral prostatectomy between May 1983 and April 1987, 123 strains of bacteria were isolated before surgery. Although all of the cocci which were sensitive to the used antimicrobials disappeared after surgery, significant difference was not observed between the disappearance rates of sensitive and non-sensitive gram-negative bacilli (disappearance rates were 86.4% and 77.8%). About two-third (34/57) of postoperative bacteria were those not isolated before surgery and patients with preoperatively infected urine had more chance than patients with sterile urine to develop infection by bacteria which was not pre-operatively detected. Precise preoperative condition is not known at the time of surgery and the sensitivity of preoperatively reported bacteria is, although important, not a sufficient information. We can only guess bacteria which might become apparent after prostatectomy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

[A case of invasive thymoma in the left hilus of the lung].

Reported is the case of a 62-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital because of the presence of a left hilar mass found during a routine chest X-ray examination. Shortly thereafter, a left thoracotomy was performed. The tumor was located under the aortic arch in the left hilus of the lung and had invaded the pericardium and pulmonary trunk. There was no connection, however, to the anterior mediastinum. A histological examination revealed an invasive thymoma of epithelial cell of the predominant type. Seen scattered abroad were thymic tissue in the adipose tissue around the tumor of the left hilus. Postoperatively, a distant metastasis of the right lung was observed and the patient died due to respiratory failure.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1988

Mortality after transurethral prostatectomy.

In 68 patients aged 80 to 94 who underwent transurethral prostatectomy between 1981 and 1987, the survival rate after the procedure was higher than that of the general population of the same age distribution. In nine patients aged 62 to 92 for whom transurethral prostatectomy was indicated but not performed because of concomitant medical problems (including cardiac problems in four, advanced cancer in two, dementia in two, and pulmonary disease in one), the survival rate was much lower, seven of the nine dying within 13 months. High mortality reported in men undergoing transurethral prostatectomy may be due to concomitant medical problems rather than aftereffects of the surgery.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1986

[Fundamental study of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in obstetrics and gynecology].

Following results were obtained from drip intravenous administration of imipenem/cilastatin sodium (MK-0787/MK-0791) (500 mg/500 mg) by measuring concentration of MK-0787 in uterine arterial plasma, cubital venous plasma, oviduct, ovary and several sites in uterine tissue in cases of simple hysterectomy, and pelvic cavity fluid in cases of radical operation. Cervix uteri, portio vaginalis, myometrium showed higher concentration among various uterine tissues in any time after the end of administration. In cases of radical operation, the pelvic cavity fluid showed 6.6 approximately 7.8 micrograms/ml at 5 hours after the end of administration. In the field of obstetrics and gynecology, it was considered that MK-0787/MK-0791 has good efficacy in infections especially caused by Gram-positive aerobic bacteria.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Incidence of infection after transurethral prostatectomy].

The incidence of preoperative and postoperative infections among 46 patients who underwent transurethral prostatectomy (TUR-P) was studied. Perioperative antibacterial schedule was as follows: one gram of cefotaxime (CTX) was intravenously injected just before the beginning of TUR-P, One gram of the antibiotic was intravenously infused once more on the day after TUR-P, twice on the next day, and once during each of the succeeding 2 days. Thirteen cases out of 46 (28.3%) had significant preoperative bacteriuria (greater than or equal to 1 X 10(4)/ml), but the postoperative eradication of the bacteria was observed for 10 of the 13 cases (76.9%). Among the 33 cases that did not have significant preoperative bacteriuria, only one case developed significant bacteriuria. In this case, a non-significant bacterial contamination of the urine had been observed before TUR-P.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Age-dependent aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity.

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity was examined in 41 patients who received a 5-day course of aminoglycoside. Both pretreatment N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase values and the increase in N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase after treatment were high in elderly groups, suggesting the increased vulnerability of the kidney with aging.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1985

[A pharmacokinetic study of antibiotics in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Twenty cases intravenously received 1 g of cefotetan before the transurethral prostatectomy. High serum and prostatic concentrations were obtained and half-lives were 298 minutes for serum and 250 minutes for the prostate. The mean value of their creatinine clearance was as low as 46.6 ml/min and it was found to be the reason why the serum half-life time was longer than that reported for normal volunteers.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[The duration of antibacterial treatment following transurethral prostatectomy].

Forty-three cases were studied to determine the most optimal timing to discontinue an oral antibacterial agent for preventing urinary tract infection after transurethral prostatectomy. On the 5th postoperative day intravenous antibiotic treatment was replaced by oral medication of 1.5 g talampicillin hydrochloride (TAPC, Yamacillin), which was tapered and discontinued depending on the urinary findings. Nine out of 15 cases who discontinued the medication within 2 weeks failed to keep the urine sterile. It may be advisable to continue the medication at least 3 weeks and to discontinue thereafter when pyuria has vanished. All 24 cases who followed this principle became sterile within 8 weeks. Medication continued over 8 weeks seemed to have no additional benefit. Four cases dropped out from this treatment mainly because of gastrointestinal symptoms.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

[A trial of hormonochemotherapy of prostate cancer].

Four hundred mg of UFT and 100 mg of cyclophosphamide were orally administered to patients with prostate cancer, additional to conventional hormone therapy. Four cases are presented here, all of whom showed good response to the therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of etoposide for pulmonary metastases from urogenital tract cancer].

Seven cases with pulmonary metastases from the urogenital tract were treated with VP-16 in either oral doses of 200 mg or intravenous doses of 100 mg for 5 days. Two of 4 cases with transitional cell cancer from the urinary bladder and a case with prostatic adenocarcinoma responded to the treatment. Another 2 cases with adenocarcinoma arising from the kidney showed no response. Leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and alopecia were outstanding side effect.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Ventilatory response to carbon dioxide in bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease.

A comparative study was made of ventilatory and airway occlusion pressure (P0.1; a parameter reflecting respiratory center output) responses to carbon dioxide between 11 patients with bronchial asthma and 10 chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD). Increments in ventilatory volume (VE) produced by a rise in end-tidal CO2 pressure (PETCO2), i.e. delta VE/BSA/delta PETCO2, were smaller in 4 patients with hypercapnic COLD than in 6 normal subjects. On the other hand, increments in P0.1 produced by an elevation of PETCO2 (i.e. delta P0.1/delta PETCO2) tended to be diminished in patients with hypercapnic COLD. Higher values for both VE/BSA and P0.1 were observed in 6 patients with normocapnic COLD, but the differences from corresponding control values failed to achieve statistical significance due to a large variance. In 11 patients with bronchial asthma without attack, VE/BSA elevated significantly at PETCO2 levels of 50 and 60 torr, but values of delta VE/BSA/delta PETCO2 were virtually same as those in normal subjects.

Asthma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A phase II trial of oral UFT plus cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Based on the results of our previous pilot study, we conducted a multi-institutional phase II study of combination chemotherapy consisting of oral UFT (Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Tokyo) plus cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). UFT capsule containing 100 mg tegafur and 224 mg uracil was orally administered in two divided doses on days 1 through 21 making the total tegafur dose 400 mg/m(2)/day (maximum 600 mg/body). CDDP was administered by drip infusion at a dose of 20 mg/m(2) on a 5-day schedule from day 8 to 12. Treatment was repeated every 4 weeks as long as the criteria for initiation of therapy were still met. Between April 1995 and March 1997, 51 patients were entered into the study. The mean age of all 50 eligible patients was 64 years(range: 40-78). There were 21 patients with clinical stage IIIB disease and 29 patients with IV disease. Thirty-two patients had adenocarcinoma, 14 had epidermoid carcinoma, and four had large cell carcinoma. Of the 47 assessable patients, 18 achieved a partial response with an overall response rate of 38.3% (95% confidence interval: 24.4-52.2%). The median response duration was 113 days. The median survival time of the eligible patients was 12.8 months, and the 1-year survival rate was 54%. Among the 51 patients enrolled, grade 3 or 4 leukopenia developed in one patient (2%), neutropenia in six patients (11. 8%), thrombocytopenia in six patients (11. 8%), and anemia in three patients (5. 9%). Non-hematological grade 3 or 4 toxicities included anorexia in 10 patients (19.6%), nausea in ten (19.6%), vomiting in two (3.9%), and diarrhea in two (3. 9%). Grade 3 abnormal laboratory data included bilirubinemia in four (7. 8%), GPT elevation in one (2.0%), and hematuria in one (2.0%). In conclusion, combination of CDDP plus oral UFT is efficacious, with low toxicity, in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. In particular, the low hematological toxicity may warrant application of this regimen to the treatment of elderly patients and in trials of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced NSCLC.

Administration, Oral↗