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Biomedical subjects

T Shida

Publications and source records attributed to T Shida.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Late radiation response of canine mediastinal tissues.

The mediastinal tissues which included heart, lung, trachea and esophagus of 70 adult beagle dogs were irradiated to a range of total radiation doses between 24 and 68 Gy given in 2, 3 and 4 Gy fractions. The purpose of the study was the calculation of alpha/beta ratios for morphologic and functional changes of the mediastinal tissues. Functional assays including echocardiography, electrocardiography, right heart hemodynamics and cardiac output were performed. Histomorphometric analyses of all tissues included in the field were done 2 years after treatment. Euthanasia was performed on 7 of 70 dogs prior to 2 years due to congestive heart failure and seven other dogs had signs of heart failure 2 years after treatment. Heart failure was thought to be caused by either pericardial effusions or constrictive pericarditis in these dogs. Heart failure occurred at doses of 62 and 68 Gy given in 2 Gy fractions, 60 Gy given in 3 Gy fractions and 52 Gy given in 4 Gy fractions. The ED50 values for pericardial fibrosis for 2, 3 and 4 Gy fractions were 46.1, 43.9 and 26.6 Gy, respectively. An alpha/beta ratio of 2.5 Gy was calculated by direct quantal response analysis. Small foci of myocytolytic lesions were detected in 11 dogs. Calculated ED50 values for myocytolysis were 70.4 Gy given in 2 Gy fractions and 50.8 Gy given in 4 Gy fractions. The estimated alpha/beta ratio was 3.2 Gy. Heart rates determined from physical examination and frequency of S-T segment changes increased with increasing dose. No other dose related changes were found in any of the other functional parameters. Functional changes were detected in the 14 dogs with clinical signs of heart failure. Focal consolidation and subpleural fibrosis were present in the irradiated lung volume. These late changes had no detectable physiologic effect in these dogs because of the small volume of lung irradiated. The ED50 values for lung consolidation were 54.3, 45.8 and 26.6 Gy after 2, 3 or 4 Gy fractions, respectively. The estimated alpha/beta ratio was 3.4 Gy. No dose-related changes could be detected in the trachea or esophagus at 2 years after treatment. These results demonstrate that lung and pericardium are the most responsive tissues in the mediastinum within the first 2 years after treatment. Myocardial lesions were present with high ED50 values, but were not found to be functionally significant at 2 years after irradiation. Human clinical data indicate that longer observation periods are needed for development of these lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Concentration of airborne mite allergens (Der I and Der II) during sleep.

Using a low-noise air sampler and a sensitive radioimmunoassay, we measured the concentration of mite allergens in the air during sleeping with Japanese bedquilts (futon). The airborne allergen levels of Der I (Der p I plus Der f I) and Der II during sleep were 223 and 87.1 pg/m3 of air, respectively. These levels were about 10-fold higher than those during usual domestic life in the living room of the same houses. When the bedquilts were changed to new ones free of mite allergens, the airborne allergen levels of Der I and Der II were decreased to 11.5 and 12.0 pg/m3, respectively. This indicated that the mite airborne allergens during sleep were generated from the used bedding, not from the floor. We believe that exposure to airborne mite allergens during sleep might be an important factor in the development of mite allergies.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed1992

Establishment of a sensitive radioimmunoassay for the detection of human IgE-binding factor (soluble CD23).

A monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific to low-affinity receptor for IgE (FceRII/CD23) was established by the fusion of spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with the FceRII+ human B lymphoblastoid cell line (RPMI 8866) with mouse myeloma P3U1. Four mAbs, 10/3 (IgG1), 11/4 (IgG1), 12/2 (IgG2b) and 15/6 (IgM), almost completely inhibited the IgE binding to FceRII+ cells but not to FceRII- cells. More directly, they were demonstrated to react only with 43-kD component/FceRII of the cell lysate of RPMI 8866 cells by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis. Since they have a different epitope specificity, a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) for the measurement of IgE-binding factor (IgE-BF) was established. It was found that the RIA with the use of 10/3 and 125I-labeled 11/4 or 12/2 gave good results in the detection of IgE-BF derived from B cells and monocytes as well as of T-cell-derived IgE-BF. More importantly, serum IgE-BF was also quantitatively measured by this RIA. Although increased serum levels of IgE-BF were observed in atopic patients, serum IgE-BF was decreased rather than increased in patients with very high serum IgE. This phenomenon may be explained by the decreased ability of the patients' B cells to spontaneously release IgE-BF in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of four-stranded DNA and RNA fragments.

We have investigated the structures formed by deoxyribo- and ribooligonucleotides containing guanine-rich sequences. Inter- and intrastrand guanine tetrads are not only more stable in the presence of K+ than they are in the presence of Na+, but also more compact.

DNA↗
PubMed1992

[A new steroid therapy for difficult asthmatics--an induction and maintenance, two-step therapy].

Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) administered by inhaler is a very useful drug for the treatment of bronchial asthma. In this therapy, it is very important to use steroids systematically to induce a complete remission of asthma attack (first step) and then begin to use BDP a dose of more than 800 micrograms to maintain remission (second step). We treated 27 difficult asthmatics with this therapy and found this new method very useful. The characteristics of asthmatics were as follows. 1) The age ranged from 37 to 82, and the mean age (+/- S.E.) was 58.9 (+/- 2.6) years old. 2) The onset age ranged from 27 to 74 with a mean age (+/- S.E.) of 46.9 (+/- 2.6) year old. 3) The number of non-atopy was 22 cases. 4) The follow-up duration ranged from 5 to 45 months with a mean (+/- S.E.) of 15 (+/- 2.0) months. The results were as follows. 1) The complete remission rate was 48%, partial remission 37% and unchanged 15%. 2) There was a significant increase only in %VC. 3) The peripheral eosinophil count was decreased significantly. 4) The log value of PC20 concentration by acetylcholine increased significantly by a factor of 2.94 to 3.28. 5) After this therapy, the mean serum cortisol level at 9:00 a.m. was 10.1 (+/- 3.8, S.E.) micrograms/ml. There were only 2 cases whose cortisol level were under the normal. 6) There were many oral side effects, namely stomatitis with 5 cases and hoarseness with 8.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of obstructive ileus following the upper Gi barium swallow study with condensed barium due to severe constipation].

A 64-year-old woman visited my clinic with complaints of abdominal distension, constipation, and nausea. Since abdominal X-ray showed severe obstructive ileus following the upper GI barium swallow study, the patient was sent immediately to Saga Medical School Hospital for the emergency operation. As the result of the left hemicolectomy, two obstructive lesions were found at the sigmoid colon and the transverse colon. Nowadays, as the population of aged people increases and Japanese diet changes, colon cancers are increasing more rapidly. Since the half of colon cancers doesn't have any clinical symptoms of obstruction, the upper GI barium swallow study with condensed barium might lead a patient to some type of dangerous situation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[A successful case of tricuspid valvulectomy for Ebstein's anomaly with severe tricuspid stenosis].

A 44-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of general fatigue and dyspnea on exertion with congestive heart failure (NYHA IV). Cardiac catheterization and angiogram revealed Ebstein's anomaly with severe tricuspid stenosis and functioning small right ventricle. Because of tiny right ventricular chamber, the usual surgical treatment for Ebstein's anomaly i.e. tricuspid valve replacement or valvuloplasty were deemed to be inappropriate. Tricuspid valvulectomy was performed to relieve the inflow stenosis of the right ventricle and excellent symptomatic relief was achieved. It is very rare to seen an adult case of Ebstein's anomaly with severe tricuspid stenosis and functioning small right ventricle. Tricuspid valvulectomy may be justified to use in this rare condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Establishment of Epstein-Barr virus-negative diffuse large cell lymphoma cell line with an 8;22 chromosomal translocation.

A new human B-cell lymphoma cell line was established from a pleural effusion of a patient with a diffuse large cell lymphoma which originated from an ileocecal tumor. The cell line, designated KAL-1, has been passaged 280 times over a period of 22 months. This cell line was successfully maintained in a chemically defined serum-free medium; its doubling time is approximately 24 h. Immunologically, the cells were demonstrated to express IgM lambda on the cell surface and to react with monoclonal antibodies to B-cell antigen including B1, B4, HLA-DR, and common acute lymphoblastic leukemic antigen but not with B2 and all the T-cell markers. Immunoglobulin gene analysis revealed rearrangements of both JH and C lambda. These data indicate that this cell line represents the B-cell lineage at the immature B-cell stage. This cell line was negative for Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen and had no detectable Epstein-Barr virus genome in cellular DNA. Chromosome analyses revealed that the cells carried an 8;22 chromosome translocation, reminiscent of variant type Burkitt's lymphoma. However, there was no histological evidence for Burkitt's lymphoma. Molecular studies showed that KAL-1 had deregulated high constitutive expression of c-myc. This cell line was demonstrated to be highly tumorigenic when injected into athymic nude mice. This tumor model should provide clues about the molecular mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of B-cell malignancy and appears to be a useful in vivo model for the study of molecular events during B-cell differentiation and therapeutic investigations.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Enkephalinergic sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the rat submandibular and sublingual glands.

Enkephalinergic innervation of the rat salivary glands was investigated by immunocytochemical techniques. Based upon immunostaining for enkephalin (ENK) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), 4 types of neurons could be distinguished in the submandibular ganglion: cells containing both ENK and TH (9% of all ganglion cells), cells containing only ENK (17%), cells containing only TH (4%) and cells lacking both ENK and TH (70%). Almost all of the ganglion neurons were also positive for AChE and so were most of the TH-positive cells. The ENK-positive fibers outnumbered the TH-positive fibers. Although TH-positive fibers displayed concurrent ENK immunoreactivity, fibers in the blood vessel walls were only immunoreactive for TH. Excision of the superior cervical ganglion resulted in a decrease of ENK fibers and the disappearance of most of the TH fibers from the submandibular gland. Most of the remaining ENK-positive fibers were immunonegative for TH, while the remaining TH-positive fibers were also positive for ENK. The salivary gland of the postnatal 8-week-old rats had a considerable number of ENK-positive neurons and fibers in the submandibular ganglion and acini.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1991

Enzymatic dispersion of mast cells from human sinus mucosa: characterization of histamine release and its comparison with chopped fragments of the tissue.

Functional characteristics of mast cells in chopped fragments from sinus mucosa, which was dissected from patients with chronic sinusitis, were compared with those from dispersed cells prepared by enzymatic treatment. The results obtained in this study were the following. (1) Both chopped fragments and dispersed cells released histamine in a dose-dependent manner when incubated with anti-IgE. However, higher histamine release was always observed in dispersed cells. (2) Although no differences in the ability to reduce histamine release with salbutamol or forskolin could be observed between chopped fragments and dispersed cells, staurosporin and p-bromophenacyl bromide were more active on dispersed mast cells than chopped fragments. (3) Passive sensitization of dispersed cells with an allergic serum containing IgE to mite could be achieved only after elution of IgE on the cells with lactic acid.

Acetophenones↗
PubMed1991

Self-association of telomeric short oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing a dG cluster.

Oligonucleotides containing a dG cluster, d(TmGnTm), are models of single-stranded parts of telomeric deoxyribonucleic acid and substitutes for poly(dG). Electrophoretic and spectroscopic analyses of the oligomers indicate that the oligomers can form two alternative structures, single- and quadruple-stranded helices, in solution at room temperature. The transformation of the single-strandef form into the quadruple-stranded form or vice versa is undetectable in 0.1 M NaCl at 4.3 x 10(-5) M strand concentration at room temperature. However, at a 50-fold higher strand concentration, the single-stranded oligomer is gradually converted into the quadruplex. An increase in ionic strength stabilizes the single-stranded structure, so it seems to inhibit the formation of the quadruplex. The quadruplex, [d(TTGGGGTT)]4, is resistant to denaturation in 7 M urea, in which the Watson-Crick type d(TTGGGGTT).d(AACCCCAA) duplex dissociates. An increase in the number of T residues facilitates the dissociation of the quadruplex by heating. Thus the number of T residues surrounding the dG cluster might control the rigidity of the quadruplex structure.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The diagnostic value of a new whole blood histamine release test using paper disc-coupled antigens--results compared with intracutaneous test, RAST, and eye test].

We have developed a novel histamine release test (HR) using whole blood and antigen-coupled RAST paper discs, for the screening of allergens rather in a short time with a small amount of blood. Histamine was determined by a RIA kit. In order to evaluate the diagnostic value, the results of the test were compared with those of RAST, intracutaneous tests, and eye tests in 45 allergic patients. HR correlates better with RAST than intracutaneous test in almost all antigens. The closest positive correlation with the other tests was seen in mite allergen, followed by pollen, foods and mould spores in that order. When the HR was positive for house dust, 100% of the patients were also positive for the eye test, which is reported to closely correlate with bronchial provocation tests. HR seemed to be a useful test not only for the screening but also for the determination of pathogenic allergens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Kinetics of the falling of airborne mite allergens (Der I and Der II)].

A futon (Japanese quilt) was beaten to disperse mite allergens into the air in a closed room, and the airborne allergens were collected both by Andersen air sampler for particle size analysis and by slit air sampler for kinetic analysis of the clearing of the allergens from the air. After extraction of the allergens from the agar plates in the samplers, two kinds of major mite allergens (Der I and Der II) were immunochemically quantitated. We found that the aerodynamic diameters of both allergens were mainly above 5.5 microns, and that airborne allergen levels decreased to about 10% of the starting level in 30 minutes, indicating the rapidity of the falling of both allergens.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of different treatments of Japanese bed quilts for reducing mite allergens].

We evaluated the effectiveness of different treatments of Japanese bedquilt (futon) in reducing mite allergens: vacuum-cleaning, beating plus vacuum-cleaning and washing of the whole futon in water. Before and after these treatments, small amounts of cotton were taken out of the futon and mite allergens were extracted from the cotton into water. The absolute contents of two kinds of major allergens of two Dermatophagoides species were immunochemically quantitated. We found that beating and vacuum-cleaning reduced the allergen contents by only about 40%, whereas washing reduced the allergens by more than 90%. Therefore, for reducing airborne mite allergens generated from futon, we think that washing the whole futon in water is the most effective method.

Allergens↗
PubMed1991

[An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantitation of sugi pollen and Dermatophagoides mite allergens and its application for standardization of allergen extracts].

A simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed for the quantitation of the major allergens of sugi pollen, Cry j I and of Dermatophagoides mites, Der I (Der p I/Der f I) and Der II (Der p II/Der f II) for use in the in vitro standardization of allergen extracts. Polystyrene microplates coated with a IgG fraction of rabbit antiserum were incubated first with allergen extracts and then with biotinylated antiserum IgG. The bound allergen-biotinylated antibody complex was detected with commercially available streptavidin-enzyme conjugate followed by the addition of colorimetric substrate. The assay was very sensitive (-0.2 ng/ml) and reproducible (CV% = 1.9-13.8%). The ELISA was compared with the radioimmunoassay previously described, and the results showed a very good correlation between the assays (r = 0.967-0.990). The allergen content in three sugi pollen and three house dust extracts measured by the ELISA also demonstrated a good agreement with the relative potency of these extracts as determined by the intradermal skin test. These results indicate that the ELISA could be useful in the standardization of allergen extracts.

Allergens↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of prostaglandin I2 on the postischemic recovery of the transplanted heart under deep hypothermia].

The effect of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) on the postischemic recovery of the heart orthotopically transplanted under deep hypothermia was evaluated using puppies. Twenty-four pairs of dogs were divided into 4 groups according to the usage of PGI2 and preservation of the donor heart (in Euro-Collins' solution at 4 degrees C for 4 hours), namely Group I (non PGI2, no preservation), Group II (PGI2-treated, no preservation), Group III (non PGI2, 4 hours preservation), Group IV (PGI2-treated, 4 hours preservation). PGI2 was added into the donor's cardioplegic solution (500 ng/ml) and also was given intravenously to the recipient during cooling and rewarming periods (1 microgram/kg/min), and left ventricular pressure, max dp/dt, cardiac output were continuously monitored, and postmortem studies on myocardium were performed. Results were as follows: PGI2 yielded significantly better recovery of cardiac output and left ventricular pressure after transplanted of the heart, [Group I vs Group II (p less than 0.05), Group III vs Group IV (p less than 0.01)]. This effect was especially remarkable in the preserved heart groups. Microscopically, the contraction band formation in the myocardium was more prominent in Group III than in Group IV. It is concluded that PGI2 is of great use for the postischemic recovery of the transplanted heart not only by ameliorating the myocardial ischemic recovery of the transplanted heart, but also by reducing the afterload of the recipient during the recovery period from deep hypothermia.

Animals↗