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T Shiojima

Publications and source records attributed to T Shiojima.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Increased plasma concentrations of aspartate, glutamate and glycine in Parkinson's disease.

We measured fasting plasma amino acids in 20 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and 20 controls matched for age and sex. PD patients had significant elevations in plasma levels of aspartate, glutamate and glycine. The levels of other amino acids were not significantly different from those found in controls. No correlation was noted between PD severity and the degree of abnormality of plasma amino acids. We conclude that excitatory amino acids may be altered in patients with PD, and raise the possibility that neuroexcitotoxic mechanisms may be involved in the neurodegeneration of PD.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

TRH analogue, TA-0910 (3-methyl-(s)-5,6-dihydroorotyl-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide) enhances neurite outgrowth in rat embryo ventral spinal cord in vitro.

We have studied effects of TRH analogue, TA-0910 (3-methyl-(s)-5,6-dihydroorotyl-L-histidyl-L-prolinamide) (from Tanabe, Osaka, Japan) on explanted ventral and dorsal spinal cord cultures from 13- and 14-day-old rat embryos. TA-0910-treated cultures had significantly increased neurite outgrowth with cultures of ventral spinal cord, but not with cultures of dorsal spinal cord. The effect was dose-dependent. A possible role for TRH in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis remains to be defined.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Trophic effect of angiotensin II, vasopressin and other peptides on the cultured ventral spinal cord of rat embryo.

We studied trophic effects of angiotensin II, vasopressin, cholecystokinin, and oxytocin on explanted ventral spinal cord cultures from 13- and 14-day-old rat embryos. There was a significant neurite promoting effect of the spinal cord cultures by using angiotensin II, vasopressin, and cholecystokinin. Cholecystokinin had the most potent effect at any concentrations. The minimum effective concentration was 10(-8) M in angiotensin II and vasopressin and 10(-12) M in cholecystokinin, respectively. The effect of angiotensin II and vasopressin was dependent on concentrations. However, the rate and grade of neurite appearance did not correlate with the concentrations of cholecystokinin. Oxytocin had no neurotrophic effect at any concentrations. Our results demonstrated that angiotensin II, vasopressin and cholecystokinin have neurotrophic effects on the ventral spinal cord in cultures, and may be candidates for therapeutic trials of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1991

Muscle morphometry in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Quadriceps muscle biopsies from 24 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 15 age-matched controls were prepared for histochemistry and analyzed morphometrically. Pathological features for denervation and reinnervation were observed in most ALS patients, although considerable variation between patients was noted. Myopathic changes were also seen in one-third of the cases. The morphometric data were not only related to the duration and mean diameter of type I fiber, but also to the duration and hypertrophy factor of type II fiber, suggesting that the progression and severity of ALS depends on the preservation of both fibers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Oral syndrome: an incomplete form of cheiro-oral syndrome?

Cheiro-oral syndrome is a sensory disturbance observed around the corner of the mouth and the palm of the hand on the same side. We had an opportunity to observe a patient in whom sensory disturbance was limited only around the corner of the left mouth but not the hands or other findings. Computed tomography of the brain showed a low density area in the right thalamus. Could our case be called oral syndrome: incomplete form of cheiro-oral syndrome? We have to ask whether the our case is an oral syndrome or whether our case has to be regarded as a thalamic infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

MRI in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: correlation with clinical features.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed in 10 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and the findings were evaluated. Four patients had asymmetrical areas of increased signal intensity in the white matter. All patients showing abnormal MRI were young, had a longer clinical course, and clinically were more disabled. These MRI abnormalities were related to the pathological changes in the central white matter of patients with ALS and possible explanations for these findings in ALS are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Thyroid function in patients with chronic headache.

Headache is one of the neurological manifestations of hypothyroidism but it is unknown whether there is a relationship between hyperthyroidism and chronic headache. Thyroid function tests were performed in 30 patients with chronic headache. Six were found to have hyperthyroidism and none had hypothyroidism. Thyroid testing may be useful for differential diagnosis of chronic headache, and indicates that headache could be caused by hyperthyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Concurrence of myasthenia gravis and chorée fibrillaire de Morvan.

A case of myasthenia gravis associated with a syndrome resembling "chorée fibrillaire de Morvan" is described. This association has not been previously noted in the literature. It is postulated that this syndrome, when associated with myasthenia gravis, suggests an autoimmune pathogenesis, but prednisolone and plasmapheresis did not alter the symptoms. This case illustrates the fact that a separate entity should be considered when the clinical picture is not compatible with the underlying diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and its relation to motor disabilities.

The performance of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) on selective neuropsychological tests was examined in regard to the applicability of such examinations to diagnosis. Eighteen patients with ALS, and 15 age- and education-matched controls were given a battery of tests designed to assess motor and intellectual functions. The ALS group displayed significantly lower scores on all tests than those in the control group. Correlation analyses on the several motor and neuropsychological results in ALS group revealed that there was a significant negative correlation between upper motor symptoms and mini-mental state examination, as well as memory tests.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

A case of pure motor monoparesis due to pontine infarction.

Pure motor hemiplegia (PMH) is a common manifestation of lacunar infarction. However, pure motor monoparesis (PMM), isolated corticospinal tract deficits confined to one limb, have received little attention. We observed a patients in whom the clinical feature was compatible with PMM and discussed the possible pathomechanism of PMM.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Cognitive dysfunction in myasthenia gravis.

The performance of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) on selective neuropsychological tests was examined to assess the diagnostic applicability of such examinations. Twenty-seven patients with MG and twenty-seven age, sex, and education-matched controls were given a battery of tests designed to assess cognitive functions. The MG group displayed significantly lower scores on Mini-mental state test and memory tests. The results indicated that MG patients had cognitive impairment. Results are also discussed with respect to the involvement of cholinergic pathways in the central nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Neuropsychological dysfunctions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: relation to motor disabilities.

A study was undertaken to elucidate the existence of cognitive and memory impairments in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by comparing a group of ALS patients with both nonneurological medical controls (MC) and healthy controls (HC) on neuropsychological tests. We also examined the relationship between the severity of motor disabilities and intellectual impairment. Twenty-two ALS patients, 18 MCs and 17 HCs participated. The tests used were the Mini-mental state examination (MMS) and the immediate and delayed memory tests. The mean MMS score of the ALS patients was lower than the mean scores of both control groups. In the memory tests, there were significant differences between the ALS group and the two control groups. Correlation analyses of several motor symptoms and neuropsychological results revealed that there was a significant negative correlation between upper motor neuron symptoms and MMS, as well as memory tests. The evidence for multisystem degeneration in ALS has prompted speculation that more sensitive neuropsychological measurements might reveal cerebral dysfunction in ALS patients who are not presenting evident dementia.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
PubMed1990

Trophic effects of enkephalin, beta-endorphine and dynorphine on ventral spinal cord in culture.

We studied trophic effects of enkephalin (ENK), beta-endorphine (END) and dynorphine (DYN) on explanted cultures of ventral spinal cord from 13-14 day old rat embryo. The addition of each of these three neuropeptides to the growth medium caused no changes in neurite extension and in increased number of glial cells compared to control samples. The results indicate that neurite appearance is neither prompted nor inhibited by addition of ENK, END and DYN. It is considered that ENK, END and DYN are not growth factor of cultured ventral spinal cord of rat embryo.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Trophic effect of angiotensin II, vasopressin and oxytocin on the ventral spinal cord of rat embryo].

We studied trophic effects of angiotensin II, vasopressin and oxytocin on explanted ventral spinal cord cultures derived from 13 to 14-old day rat embryos. There was a significant neurite promoting effect in angiotensin II and vasopressin-treated cultures. Angiotensin II had the most potent effect at any concentrations. It became clear that minimum effective concentration was 10(-8)M in both angiotensin II and vasopressin. However, oxytocin had no neurotrophic effect at any concentrations. Our results demonstrated that angiotensin II and vasopressin have a neurotrophic effect on ventral spinal cord in cultures, and may contribute to therapeutic strategy of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Angiotensin II↗