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Biomedical subjects

T Strickland

Publications and source records attributed to T Strickland.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Cocaine use, hypertension, and end-stage renal disease.

Cocaine use has been associated with both acute renal failure and hypertension (HTN), but only recently have data suggested it may lead to a chronic insidious form of renal failure. We designed a cross-sectional study to compare the association of cocaine use in hemodialysis patients with and without a diagnosis of HTN-related end-stage renal disease (HTN-ESRD). Two hundred one black patients from two outpatient hemodialysis units in an urban community were evaluated. There were 193 eligible patients, 106 men and 87 women, aged 49.28 +/- 14.4 years. A history of significant cocaine use before dialysis was reported by 55 of 193 subjects (28.5%). A diagnosis of HTN-ESRD was reported in 49 of 55 cocaine users (89.1%) compared with 64 of 138 nonusers (46.38%; odds ratio, 9.44; 95% confidence interval, 3.79 to 23.49; P < 0.0005). Of the 113 subjects with HTN-ESRD, 49 subjects (43.4%) had a history of cocaine abuse, either alone or in combination with other drugs. Subjects with HTN-ESRD with cocaine use were younger than those without cocaine use (40.7 +/- 9.0 versus 53.8 +/-15.3 years; P < 0.0005) and had a shorter reported duration of HTN (5.3 +/- 5.4 versus 12.7 +/- 9.8 years; P < 0.0005, adjusted for age and sex). In our urban dialysis population, a clinical diagnosis of HTN-ESRD was strongly associated with a history of cocaine use and earlier onset of ESRD. Cocaine should be considered as a cause of ESRD in patients without a clear cause of renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Gender effects on persistent cerebral metabolite changes in the frontal lobes of abstinent cocaine users.

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies found functional changes in the frontal brain region and regions with projections to the frontal lobe in cocaine users. The aim of this study was to investigate persistent neurochemical changes in the frontal lobes of subjects with a history of crack cocaine dependence and to determine whether these changes are different in male and female users. METHOD: The frontal gray and white matter of 64 young asymptomatic and abstinent (> 5 months) cocaine users (34 male and 30 female) and 58 healthy comparison subjects without a history of drug abuse was evaluated with localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). RESULTS: Two-way analysis of variance showed significant cocaine effects on the concentration of frontal gray matter N-acetyl compounds, on the ratio of frontal white matter N-acetyl compounds to creatine levels, on frontal gray and white matter myoinositol levels, and on the ratio of myoinositol to creatine. Significant gender effects were observed for frontal gray matter choline-containing compounds, the ratio of choline-containing compounds to creatine, and the percentage of CSF in both gray and white matter. Interaction effects of cocaine and gender were observed for creatine, N-acetyl/creatine ratio, and myoinositol/creatine ratio in frontal white matter. CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine use is associated with neuronal injury (with decreased N-acetyl compounds) in the frontal cortex and glial activation (with increased myoinositol) in both frontal gray and white matter. In the frontal lobe, cocaine affects male users differently than female users. Future studies on the effects of cocaine abuse should control for the effects of gender-specific neurotoxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The role of fine-needle aspiration biopsy and flow cytometry in the evaluation of persistent neck adenopathy.

BACKGROUND: The role of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and flow cytometry (FCM) in the evaluation of persistent neck adenopathy has not been completely defined. METHODS: All patients who underwent FNAB of an abnormal lymph node from 1990 to 1997 were identified, and the results of FNAB and FCM were correlated with histology or clinical follow-up. RESULTS: FNAB was performed on 133 patients with an abnormal lymph node in the neck. FNAB was malignant in 82 (62%), atypical in 13 (10%), benign in 27 (20%), and nondiagnostic in 11 (8%) patients. FNAB was compared with histologic results in 114 (86%) or with the results of clinical follow-up (average 17 months) in 12 patients (9%). Seven patients (5%) were lost to follow-up. Lymphoma and metastatic carcinoma were diagnosed in 25 (19%) and 76 (57%) patients, respectively. Sensitivity of FNAB and FCM was 96% and 100%, respectively, and specificity was 58% and 100%, respectively. Patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma accounted for 80% of false negative FCM results. FCM was nondiagnostic in 3 of 34 patients (9%). Definitive subclassification of lymphoma was accomplished in only 3 of 17 (18%) patients in whom FCM was performed. CONCLUSIONS: FNAB is reliable in identifying metastatic disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and reactive lymphadenopathy in the neck. FNAB and FCM still have a limited role in definitive diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma and classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, underscoring the importance of excisional biopsy.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1996

The utility of routine frozen section examination for intraoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

BACKGROUND: The value of routine frozen section examination for intraoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer and determination of extent of thyroidectomy is controversial and needs to be evaluated on an institution to institution basis. METHODS: A prospective evaluation of 76 patients with nodular thyroid disease who had an adequate fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) underwent thyroidectomy with routine thyroid frozen section examination. A direct comparison of FNAB and frozen section examination, along with a cost benefit analysis of frozen section examination, was completed. RESULTS: The thyroid pathology was carcinoma in 24, follicular adenoma in 24, multinodular goiter in 24, thyroiditis in 3, and a cyst in 1 patient. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of frozen section examination were 93%, 100%, and 97%, respectively, compared with 88%, 89%, and 91% for FNAB (P > 0.05). Diagnosis was deferred in 38 patients (50%) in whom frozen section examination showed a follicular neoplasm. One to 6 frozen section examinations were obtained per patient with alteration in intraoperative management in only 2 patients (3%) at a charge of $246 to $606 per patient and a total charge of $26,040. CONCLUSION: In patients with an adequate FNAB, frozen section examination rarely affected intraoperative decision making in thyroid surgery and its routine use was not cost effective.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1995

Identification of proerythroblasts in tissue sections of bone marrow.

In paraffin-embedded sections of bone marrow fixed in B5-formalin, proerythroblasts from patients with marked erythroid hyperplasia displayed a characteristic nuclear chromatin pattern. This pattern consisted of an "arm" of chromatin extending from the center of the nucleus to the inner aspect of the nuclear envelope. In some instances the arm showed an "elbow bend." Depending on the plane of section, approximately 30% of proerythroblasts demonstrated these chromatin patterns. Ultrastructurally a similar "arm" of chromatin was seen in proerythroblasts. Embedded within the chromatin was a nucleolus. Although the significance of this pattern is as yet unknown, it provides a morphologic clue to identification of proerythroblasts in tissue sections.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1994

Auditory steady-state response, upper facial EMG, EEG and heart rate as predictors of movement during isoflurane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia.

We have studied the relationship between patient movement and changes in the auditory steady-state evoked potential, upper facial muscle electromyogram (FEMG), electroencephalographic-zero crossing frequency (EEG-ZCF) and heart rate during emergence from anaesthesia. Twelve healthy patients underwent surgery during stable isoflurane-nitrous oxide-oxygen anaesthesia without neuromuscular block. After skin closure, anaesthesia was discontinued abruptly while mechanical ventilation was continued until the patient moved. The magnitude of change in each physiological signal was evaluated in decibels (dB). Both the auditory steady state evoked potential and FEMG showed significant increases in amplitude during the last 5-min period before movement (6.1 and 10.7 dB, respectively). EEG-ZCF increased rapidly after anaesthesia was discontinued (2.5 dB) but there was no further increase in activity before movement. Heart rate did not change before movement. The use of the decibel transformation offers a promising method of displaying and interpreting changes in physiological variables during anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Trypanosoma brucei minicircles encode multiple guide RNAs which can direct editing of extensively overlapping sequences.

Small guide RNAs (gRNAs) may direct RNA editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria. We have characterized multiple gRNA genes from Trypanosoma brucei (EATRO 164), that can specify up to 30% of the editing of the COIII, ND7, ND8, and A6 mRNAs and we have also found that the non-translated region of edited COIII mRNA of strain (EATRO 164) differs from that of another strain. Several of the gRNAs specify overlapping regions of the same mRNA often specifying sequence beyond that required for an anchor duplex with the next gRNA. Some gRNAs have different sequence but specify identical editing of the same region of mRNA. These data indicate a complex gRNA population and consequent complex pattern of editing in T. brucei.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New genes.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Advertising↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Conference presentations with confidence.

Remember that great presentation you heard at last year's convention? Perhaps the marketing case study was especially interesting. Or perhaps you wondered whether you could use the organizational tools the speaker described in your own work. Finally, you might have wondered, "Could I offer a conference presentation at some point?" The answer: yes!

Case Management↗