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T Struzik

Publications and source records attributed to T Struzik.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Kepiński's information metabolism, Carnot's principle and information theory.

The generalized Carnot principle introduced by Brillouin provides a link between negentropy and information, but does not take into account the information stored in the brain, which is clearly excluded by the author. Further step in the generalization of Carnot's principle, which includes information turnover in the brain was accomplished by Kepiński in his theory of the metabolism of energy and information. According to Schrödinger, life processes require a supply of negentropy rather than energy stored in the food, more precisely, e.g., in glucose utilized by the brain, since energy is conserved, whereas negentropy is dissipated. The information (communication) channel transmits maximum information when the band width of the transmitted frequency is limited, and much less information when the restriction concerns the transmitted power, or energy. This can explain a considerable decrease in the information metabolism observed in depressive patients, whose life dynamics and, consequently, the amount of energy available for information metabolism is severly lowered. Thus, the fall in information metabolism is more pronounced in depression than in not too late phases of schizophrenia. As appears from Fonberg's studies the amygdaloid nucleus is responsible for the life dynamics. In different types of neuron code change is a significant parameter, which was so strongly stressed by Kepiński. Other problems discussed in the paper include: selection of information and its structural localization, localization of particular phases of information metabolism and their phylogenetic significance.

Brain↗
PubMed1987

Kepiński's functional structures, Kohonen's topological structures, aphasia and apraxia.

The concept of functional structures was introduced by Kepiński. At the Second Scandinavian Congress on Image Analysis in 1981 Kohonen provided evidence that the map of signals has the same topological order as the map of reactions. These topological concepts can be applied also to logical structures. The same is true also of functional structures described by Kepiński in schizophrenia, which may be created or destroyed, but their topological order remains unaltered. Functional structures change in obscuration and in hallucinogen-induced psychodelic states. Fixed pathological structures characterized by an altered topological order occur in paranoia. In the case of amnestic aphasia single elements of the topological functional structures fall out-these elements represent terms which patient is unable to recall. In motor aphasia, on the other hand, damage concerns the topological functional structures of speech related movements. In sensory aphasia damage concerns topological functional structures in the sensory area. In Goldstein's amnestic apraxia there is a loss of some elements of the topological functional structures governing the movements. In ideational apraxia the damage concerns topological functional structures representing entire sets of motor function and especially their creation. In ideomotor apraxia the respective topological functional structures are retained, albeit inaccessible, due to a disturbance in the motor association. In motor apraxia the damage seems to concern the topological functional structures governing precise movements and located at a lower level, i.e., closer to the effector. Constructive apraxia seems to result from the disturbed creation of the respective functional structures. Similarly the hypermotility of a maniacal type has a smooth and purposeful character, as far as the relation to a particular situation is concerned, which suggests that the respective topological functional structures are preserved. On the other hand, in the hyperkinetic phase of catatonic schizophrenia, in which the patient performs sequences of incoherent aimless movements without any relation to the current situation and environment, these structures are supposedly altered.

Aphasia↗