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Biomedical subjects

T T Tang

Publications and source records attributed to T T Tang.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is one of the most common malignancies of the mesenchymal tissue in the head and neck region. A case of a 26-year-old male with oral rhabdomyosarcoma is presented. The clinical and pathologic aspects of this malignancy are also reviewed. Furthermore, the histopathologic and ultrastructural features of this neoplasia are described and the important role of electron microscopy in diagnosis of the myogenic tumor is emphasized. Finally, different modes of treatment for the rhabdomyosarcoma are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Childhood primary cutaneous non-T/non-B lymphoma followed by acute T-cell leukemia.

An 8-year-old girl presented with cutaneous lymphoma without bone marrow or visceral involvement. The tumor cells displayed convoluted and invaginated euchromatic nuclei. The immunophenotype of these cells was non-T/non-B (Ia+, CALLA-, SIg-, TdT-, E-, Thy-). The skin lesions regressed promptly with chemotherapy including cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cytosine arabinoside. Six months after the completion of chemotherapy (18 months postdiagnosis), the patient had a relapse of the skin lesions with concurrent bone marrow involvement. The cutaneous infiltrate at relapse was morphologically and immunophenotypically similar to that at the onset of illness. However, the bone marrow infiltrate, although morphologically similar to the cutaneous tumor, had an immunophenotype consistent with T-cells (Ia+, CALLA-, SIg-, E-, TdT+, Thy+, OKT4+, OKT8+). As in adults, primary cutaneous non-T/non-B lymphomas in children may be derived from T-cells or their precursors.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Cerebral toxoplasmosis in an immunocompromised host. A precise and rapid diagnosis by electron microscopy.

In immunocompromised patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis, the tachyzoite forms rather than cystic and bradyzoite forms of the protozoon are commonly seen. These tachyzoites are minute, scattered among cellular debris, sometimes lodged inside macrophages and neutrophils, and difficult to visualize by light microscopy, even with special stains. Immunodiagnostic tests may be falsely negative due to inability of the host to produce appropriate antibodies. Isolation of the organism is dangerous because Toxoplasma gondii is highly infective. In this situation, transmission electron microscopy (EM) may be a diagnostic tool of choice. It demonstrates the fine definitive features of the protozoon and can be expedited to give results in five hours. Further evaluation of EM for diagnosing possible toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients is indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Composite cerebral neuroblastoma and astrocytoma. A mixed central neuroepithelial tumor.

This report describes an exceptional example of cerebral neuroblastoma in association with neoplastic glial cells, which were frequently arranged in clusters around the supporting blood vessels. The neuroblastic nature of the tumor was confirmed by the presence of numerous dense-core vesicles in the cell processes. The glial nature of the associated cells was confirmed by their positivity for glial fibrillary acid protein by immunoperoxidase staining and by the presence of abundant cytoplasmic filaments of intermediate size on electron microscopy. Of particular interest was the presence of dense-core vesicles in some of the glial cells, and that of a basal lamina underlying the perivascular glial cells. The tumor was interpreted as a composite cerebral neuroblastoma and astrocytoma. No undifferentiated neuroepithelial stem cells could be identified. The cytogenesis of this mixed neuroepithelial neoplasm is uncertain.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1985

Value of open-lung biopsy in 87 immunocompromised patients with pulmonary infiltrates.

The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 87 consecutive immunocompromised patients who underwent open-lung biopsy at the University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, from January 1971 to June 1982. A specific histologic diagnosis was obtained in 62 (71%) of the patients, 33 of whom had infections. Pneumocystis carinii was the most common microbial pathogen (16 patients), but no cases have been observed since 1980 when the routine use of prophylactic trimethoprim/sulfa began. The other specific diagnoses included malignancy or drug-induced lung disease. Specific therapy was available for 52 patients, and in 33 cases, a change in therapy was necessary to treat according to the lung biopsy diagnosis. Forty-one patients received an adequate course of therapy and 27 (66%) of these improved clinically, including 16 of 26 patients with infections, 11 of 14 with malignancies, and 1 of 2 with a vasculitis. Among the subgroup of 33 patients for whom a new, specific therapeutic option was available as a result of the biopsy diagnosis 21 (64%) responded to the treatment. Eleven significant operative complications were encountered, but no deaths were attributable to the biopsy. An open-lung biopsy in immunocompromised patients is a relatively safe, accurate diagnostic procedure which frequently facilitates appropriate therapy and clinical improvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Leukocyte tubuloreticular inclusions in Reye's syndrome.

Tubuloreticular inclusions (TRI) have been observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of blood lymphocytes and monocytes in two cases of Reye's syndrome initiated by influenza infections. Tubuloreticular inclusions are seen in these mononuclear leukocytes during the acute phase of illness, but not during convalescence. Since TRI have been demonstrated in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and certain viral infections including T-cell leukemia, it may be that the finding of TRI in Reye's syndrome reflects a viral infection and/or immune dysfunction, if such association is not proved to be fortuitous.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Cerebral blastomycosis: an immunodiagnostic study.

Cerebral blastomycosis may simulate a brain tumor. Its diagnosis is sometimes very difficult. The morphologic identification of the fungus may be misleading because it shares some common features with many other dimorphic fungi. Culturing and conversion of the organism from mycelial phase to yeast phase are not always successful. Immunofluorescent staining of the biopsy tissue is useful in confirming the diagnosis. However, a combination of double immunodiffusion (DID) test and complement fixation (CF) test makes the diagnosis more accurate and reliable. The direct role of macrophages in defending the host against blastomycosis is illustrated by electron microscopy.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed1984

Multilocular renal cyst: electron microscopic evidence of pathogenesis.

Two cases of multilocular renal cyst (MRC) are presented with electron microscopic findings. The epithelial cells of the cysts resembled renal collecting tubule cells and not convoluted tubule or Henle's loop cells. Intercystic areas contained only connective tissue elements. Simple MRC appears to be a congenital malformation that results from segmental maldevelopment of the ureteric bud. In some cases of MRC, the intercystic septa contain immature renal elements. The lesion is then called cystic poorly differentiated nephroblastoma (CPDN). However, in both MRC and CPDN, local recurrence or metastases have not been described. Treatment of these lesions should consist of nephrectomy, careful histologic evaluation to rule out obvious foci of Wilms' tumor, and conservative follow-up.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1981

Primary cerebral germinoma and ventriculoperitoneal shunt metastasis.

A case of peritoneal metastasis via a ventriculoperitoneal shunt 14 months following biopsy and irradiation of an intracerebral germinoma is presented. Metastatic abdominal disease has been controlled at 32 months postmetastatic diagnosis by abdominal irradiation and systemic chemotherapy. The occurrence of ventriculoperitoneal shunt metastases and control of extracranial metastases from intracerebral germinomas are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ulcerative eosinophilic granuloma of the tongue. A light- and electron-microscopic study.

Ulcerative eosinophilic granuloma of the tongue simulates histiocytosis X or cancerous lesions, and may be subjected to unnecessary excessive treatment. This case report illustrates its benign, self-limited nature, discussed the differential diagnosis, and postulates its pathogenesis on the basis of light- and electron-microscopic findings.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1981

Subcutaneous and skeletal chordomoid nodules in an infant.

Multicentric subcutaneous and skeletal nodules with histologic features of chordoma developed over a period of 3 months in a black infant. Radiolucent intracranial lesions were demonstrated by pneumoencephalogram and computerized tomography scan. The patient received chemotherapy and the nodules regressed. After a follow-up of 7 years, there has been no recurrence of these chordomoid lesions and the child enjoys good health and normal growth and development. In retrospect, these nodules appear to be a benign, self-limited heterotopias and not malignancies. The cells with physaliphorous characteristics may represent unusual differentiation of fibroblasts rather than indicating notochordal origin.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Thyroid carcinoma following treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A 2 1/2-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia received chemotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation. After six years of remission, including three years off therapy, metastatic thyroid carcinoma appeared in the cervical lymph nodes. The predisposing factors for the development of thyroid carcinoma as a second malignancy in this case are discussed. It is suggested that thyroid carcinoma should be added to the growing list of second malignancies in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and that careful thyroid examination be included in the follow-up of long-term survivors.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1979

Fabry's disease in a black kindred.

In a 16-member black kindred with Fabry's disease, four hemizygous males had plasma alpha-galactosidase levels less than 6% and seven heterozygous females had plasma alpha-galactosidase levels between 10% and 50% of normal. A 16-year-old index male had hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy, abnormal renal function, tortuous retinal veins, "myelin" inclusions in bone marrow macrophages, and intraepithelial inclusion bodies in the kidney. Scrotal angiectasia developed a year after diagnosis. The three other affected males had left ventricular hypertrophy and retinal vein tortuosity. Of the seven carrier females, five had frequent headaches, four had retinal vessel changes, three had proteinuria with normal renal function, and two had bundle-branch blocks on ECGs. There was no deuteranomalopia in this family, although the inheritance pattern of the Fabry gene is X-linked recessive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Neonatal cystic choristoma in submandibular salivary gland simulating cystic hygroma.

A congenital cystic malformation occurred in the submandibular salivary gland of a neonate. The embryogenesis and differential diagnosis are discussed. Since it seems to be a product of endodermal heterotopic differentiation or entrapment of foregut epithelial rests in the submandibular gland, it is classified as a cystic choristoma.

Choristoma↗
PubMed1978

Pulmonary fiber embolism and granuloma.

Three infants had pulmonary fiber embolism and granuloma following cardiac catheterization. These complications were traced to the use of nondisposable woven synthetic fiber catheters. The fibrous linings of the catheter may fray and break, and the debris may become disseminated during angiography to the lungs to form emboli and intravascular and extravascular granulomas.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1978

Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor): tubule density and prognosis.

Relative differences in tubules density of the primary tumors have been suggested to be prognostically useful in nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor). Forty cases from our institution were retrospectively graded according to tubule density. There were significant differences in disease-free survivals between histologic grades. When compared to other clinical and pathologic staging criteria, tubule density was not more useful prognostically than the staging systems tested. However, when used in conjunction with clinical or pathologic stage, tumor grade improved prognostic sensitivity. Regardless of grade or stage, patients less than 24-months-old at diagnosis had better disease-free survival.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Polydipsia, polyuria, and hypertension associated with renin-secreting Wilms tumor.

A 16-month-old black male infant had unusual thirst, polyuria, hyponatremia, and hypertension. His polyuria was unresponsive to vasopressin therapy, and his high blood pressure was not effectively controlled by antihypertensive drugs. Radiographic examinations revealed an occult Wilms tumor in the right kidney. After removal of the tumor, the signs and symptoms were relieved. The tumor had a renin activity about 280 times that of the adjacent renal cortex, and many intracytoplasmic secretory granules were found on electron microscopy. The pathogenesis of these clinical manifestations appears to be mediated through the physiologic pathways of renin-angiotensin II and renin-aldosterone.

Humans↗