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T Tényi

Publications and source records attributed to T Tényi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Theory of mind deficit in people with schizophrenia during remission.

BACKGROUND: The authors' goal was to investigate the presence or absence of theory of mind impairments among people with schizophrenia during remission. Recent research results interpret theory of mind deficits as state rather than trait characteristics, connecting these impairments mainly to the acute episode of psychosis. METHODS: Twenty patients with schizophrenia in remission and 20 matched control subjects were evaluated. Participants were presented with one first-order theory of mind task, one second-order theory of mind task, two metaphor and two irony tasks adapted from previous studies. RESULTS: The schizophrenic patients performed a statistically significant impairment in the irony task, as there were no significant differences in the cases of the other evaluated tasks. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results suggest that theory of mind impairments can be detected not only in the acute phase as found in previous research studies, but also in remission.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2001

Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder.

OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) (prenatal errors of morphogenesis) was evaluated in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. METHOD: A new modification of the Waldrop-scale was used to detect the presence or absence of 57 MPAs in 30 patients with schizophrenia, 30 with bipolar disorder, and in 30 matched normal controls. RESULTS: Patients with schizophrenia compared to normal controls had significantly higher rates of three minor malformations (furrowed tongue, flat occiput, primitive shape of ears) and those of one phenogenetic variant (wide distance between toes 1 and 2), and they also had a significantly higher rate of one minor malformation (primitive shape of ears), as compared to patients with bipolar disorder. In patients with bipolar disorder, furrowed tongue was significantly more common than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: These results support an 'early' neuro-developmental model of schizophrenia.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2001

[Olanzapine and pregnancy].

The appearance of psychosis during pregnancy means a challenge for clinicians, either untreated psychiatric disorders or pharmacological treatment of pregnant psychotic females increase risk of complications. Controlled clinical trials can't be evaluated because of ethical considerations, so case reports have higher scientific values than in other clinical issues. The authors inform about a delivery of a young psychotic female, who was treated with olanzapine (atypical antipsychotic) after the 25th weeks of her pregnancy. A healthy newborn was born in the observed case, the Apgar score was 7 at the first minute and 9 at fifth minute.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[A case of datura stramonium poisoning--general problems of differential diagnosis].

In past year drug abuse becomes more and more general in Hungary. In addition to consume traditional drugs, other substances are used frequently too. One of them is the Datura stramonium, which contains alkaloids (mostly atropine), and can result in hallucinations. Therefore Datura stramonium is seemingly becoming popular as a hallucinogenic drug. The consumption of any part of the plant causes atropine intoxication, thus anticholinergic delirium. Differential diagnosis of Datura intoxication can be difficult in the everyday medical practise. In our paper the symptomatology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and therapy of Datura intoxication are discussed and we report one of our cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Depressive symptoms among obese children.

The authors compare the appearance of depressive symptoms in 30 obese children in outpatient care and 30 normal-weight controls. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale showed a significantly higher rate of depression in the obese children (p < 0.01). The results are interpreted in the light of the partially contradictory views in the literature. Reference is also made to the therapeutic aspects of the problem.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1997

Informative morphogenetic variants in patients with schizophrenia and alcohol-dependent patients: beyond the Waldrop Scale.

OBJECTIVE: The authors evaluated the presence or absence of informative morphogenetic variants in patients with schizophrenia compared with alcohol-dependent patients. METHODS: Taking into consideration the criticisms of the Waldrop Scale, which was widely used until recently to define the presence of informative morphogenetic variants, the authors evaluated the presence or absence of 56 informative morphogenetic variants in 50 consecutively admitted patients with schizophrenia and 50 consecutively admitted alcohol-dependent patients. They made a distinction between minor malformations (those developing during organogenesis) and phenogenetic variants (those developing after organogenesis). A kappa index above 75% was considered reliable. RESULTS: Thirty-four of the 56 informative morphogenetic variants met the authors' reliability criterion. Patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher rates of three minor malformations (furrowed tongue, multiple buccal frenula, and hemangioma) and two phenogenetic variants (protruding auricle and large tongue). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that using finer distinction in the evaluation of informative morphogenetic variants in schizophrenia may open new perspectives in the research of the neurodevelopmental background of schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Antipsychotic use in pregnancy. What are the best treatment options?

Both the rapid emergence of new antipsychotic medications and the increasing fertility rate among women with psychotic disorders have contributed to the growing clinical importance of the treatment of pregnant women who have psychotic illnesses. The treatment of this patient population must always take into consideration the effect of that treatment on the fetus. With regard to the high risk of decompensation during pregnancy and postpartum, continuous antipsychotic medication is needed using the minimum effective dose. The use of high-potency agents appears to be preferable for first-line management, as there are few data regarding the use of atypical agents such as clozapine in pregnancy. Guidelines for treating pregnant women with psychoses vary little from those for nonpregnant patients. Clinicians must always carefully weigh up the risks and benefits for each patient on an individual basis.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1996

Psychotic couvade: 2 case reports.

Couvade is a phenomenon, where the expectant father or another relative experiences somatic and/or psychiatric symptoms during a woman's pregnancy. Although epidemiological studies report a frequency of couvade symptoms between 11 and 36% during all pregnancies, psychotic couvade cases are very rare with few case reports. The authors report 2 cases of psychotic couvade and give a psychodynamic interpretation of the cases. They emphasize the important role of ego defect and double identification in the development of the cases. Couvade is a phenomenon, where the expectant father or another relative experiences somatic and/or psychiatric symptoms during a woman's pregnancy. The term couvade was first coined by Tylor in 1865. Somatic symptoms can include indigestion or colic, gastritic symptoms, food cravings, nausea and vomiting, increased or decreased appetite, diarrhea, toothache, headache, itch, muscle tremors, nosebleed or other pains. Abdominal bloating and pseudocyesis have also been reported. Although the psychiatric symptoms most often observed are depression, anxiety, insomnia, irritability, tension and hypochondria there are some reports on psychotic couvade too. In our article we present 2 cases of psychotic couvade.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Use of clozapine during pregnancy].

The authors deal with the use of closapine during pregnancy. In their cases after the use of closapine during pregnancy, healthy children were born.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A case of psychotic couvade (psychodynamic analysis)].

The authors analyse a case of a paranoid psychosis in a male during his wife's pregnancy. They emphasize the importance of oedipal fixation and of double identification. They deal with the clinical importance of the couvade-syndrome.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1990

[The Ekbom symptom in schizophrenic psychoses].

In connection with their schizophrenic cases, the authors analyse the nosological and psychodynamical characteristics of the phenomenon described by Ekbom. They emphasize the interaction between the psychotic process and object losses, which can be observed in the formation of secondary symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coexistence of delusions of pregnancy and infestation in a male.

The coexistent appearance of delusions of pregnancy and infestation is reported in a male patient with posttraumatic epilepsy. While published organic cases of delusions of pregnancy have involved patients with severe or mild mental retardation, our reported patient had a higher than average IQ. The interpretative role of these delusions in a probable perceptual symptomatology cannot be excluded, as both delusions can be based on sensations in the abdomen or on the skin.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Schizophrenics show a failure in the decoding of violations of conversational implicatures.

OBJECTIVES: Recent approaches to the 'theory of mind' and pragmatics support that, if we did not have any idea about what other people know, we could hardly use language effectively. Successful communication (the pragmatic aspect of language) depends on inferring the beliefs and intentions of the partner in the conversation. Such successful communication is linguistically realized in part by cohesion and in part by abiding by the maxims derived from the cooperative principle. However, the violations of the Gricean implicatures are generally used in everyday language, mainly to point at a hidden, most commonly negative opinion on others. We hypothesize that schizophrenics have difficulties in the decoding of these violations, as the core deficit in this disorder is around social cognition, theory of mind and pragmatic language use. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We have examined 26 paranoid schizophrenic patients and 26 normal control subjects by using 4 'question and answer' vignettes, where the Gricean maxim of relevance was violated to express a hidden, negative opinion by one partner during the communicative act. The subjects were asked to judge these opinions and were evaluated by the investigators on a score from 0 to 2 points. In a pilot study, interrater reliability was judged to be satisfactory. The data were analysed statistically by parametric and non-parametric tests. RESULTS: Statistical analyses of our data have shown that schizophrenics made significantly more mistakes during the decoding of the violated maxim as compared with controls (p < 0.0001), reflecting on the difficulties during the correct exploration of the social context, i.e. recognition of the speaker's hidden opinion. CONCLUSION: We conclude that patients with schizophrenia fail to decode intentional violations of conversational implicatures. These results point at a dysfunctional pragmatic language use among schizophrenic patients.

Adult↗