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Biomedical subjects

T Tabei

Publications and source records attributed to T Tabei.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Serum relaxin and steroid hormones in spontaneous abortions.

To assess the capacity of the corpus luteum to secrete steroid hormones and relaxin during spontaneous abortion, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and relaxin concentrations were determined in serum samples obtained from 16 spontaneously aborting first-trimester patients and 5 asymptomatic, apparently normal women who subsequently aborted. hCG and P were subnormal in more than half of aborting patients, and 17-OHP in half of them. However, relaxin was normal in most of them. No patient with subnormal relaxin levels had hCG values in the normal range. Such a relationship was not found between hCG and 17-OHP values. Hence, decreases in placental activity seem to precede a decrease in luteal ability to secrete relaxin but not to secrete steroid hormones. Some aborting patients with subnormal 17-OHP levels had normal relaxin values. All but 1 woman who aborted subsequently had subnormal 17-OHP values at a time when relaxin levels were normal. Therefore, in some aborting patients, the ability of the corpus luteum to secrete steroid hormones is impaired at a time when its capacity to secrete relaxin is preserved.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1987

Serum immunoreactive relaxin in women during a 24-h period.

Serum relaxin concentrations were measured every 30 min during a 24-h period in nonpregnant and pregnant women. Relaxin was undetectable in all serum samples obtained from 3 nonpregnant women. Relaxin was detectable in all serum samples obtained from 2 pregnant women. However, neither episodic secretion of relaxin nor a 24-h rhythm in relaxin secretion was discernible in these women.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Serum relaxin in patients with hydatidiform mole.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is considered to be one of the factors that regulates relaxin secretion in humans. However, the secretory pattern of relaxin has not been evaluated in pregnancy complicated by hydatidiform mole, where circulating hCG levels are higher than in normal pregnancy. In the present study, relaxin, progesterone, and hCG levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in patients with hydatidiform mole before and after evacuation of the mole. Serum immunoreactive relaxin and progesterone levels in patients with hydatidiform mole were similar to those in normal women at corresponding weeks of pregnancy before evacuation of the mole, though hCG levels were significantly higher. The fall of relaxin levels after evacuation of the mole was slower than that of hCG or progesterone. This finding may reflect a continued stimulation of the corpus luteum by lower, but still effective, hCG levels persisting after evacuation of the mole. An extraluteal source of relaxin cannot be excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The secretory patterns of relaxin and human chorionic gonadotropin in human pregnancy.

Relaxin and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were simultaneously determined in the same serum samples obtained from pregnant women. Although the secretory pattern of relaxin, in general, appeared to parallel that of hCG during human pregnancy, several discrepancies were discerned in the secretory patterns of the two hormones. The mean hCG concentration significantly differed between weeks 4-7 and 8-11 of pregnancy, but the mean relaxin concentration did not. The mean relaxin concentration began to decrease at weeks 16-19 whereas that of hCG did so at weeks 12-15. The mean relaxin concentration at weeks 4-7 was significantly higher than that at weeks 24-27, though there was no significant difference between the mean hCG concentrations in the two periods. These differences in the secretory pattern of relaxin from that of hCG indicate that relaxin secretion in pregnancy is not determined only by the circulating level of hCG. The responsiveness of the corpus luteum of pregnancy to hCG stimulation of relaxin secretion may vary as a function of the age of the corpus luteum, and this may partially account for the differences between the secretory pattern of relaxin and that of hCG observed in the present study.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[How to determine the prophylactic effect on postoperative infections].

With the cooperation of 13 medical institutions in the Tokyo area, the methods to determine the prophylactic effect on postoperative infections in gynecological surgery were evaluated. Two hundred and ninety-nine patients were enrolled for the study of postoperative infections, febrile morbidity and fever index following abdominal (275) and vaginal (24) hysterectomies. Prophylactic cefotiam (CTM) of 1 gram was intravenously administered twice a day postoperatively for 3 to 5 days. The rates of postoperative infections were 5.1% (14/275) in abdominal hysterectomy and 4.2% (1/24) in vaginal hysterectomy. The febrile morbidity (57.1% = 8/14) and fever index (52.3 +/- 41.1 degree hours) in the infection group were approximately about 4 times higher than those (12.3% = 32/261, and 15.6 +/- 13.7 degree hours, respectively) in the non-infection group. No significant differences were observed in age, body weight, height of patients, period of operation and blood loss between these 2 groups. These data suggested that febrile morbidity and fever index were able to indicate the prophylactic effect of antibiotics on patients undergoing abdominal and vaginal hysterectomies.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Laboratory and clinical studies on latamoxef in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Latamoxef (LMOX) is a new antibiotic synthesized by Shionogi Research Laboratory. Chemically LMOX is especially unique with a sulfur atom replacing the oxygen atom in the 1 position of the conventional cephalosporin nucleus, and in addition, this antibiotic has a cephamycin-like structure. The antibacterial activity of LMOX shows high potency against Gram-negative bacteria, but tends to be weak against Gram-positive bacteria. The tissue levels of LMOX in humans after intravenous injection of 1 g were examined. The levels in uterine and adnexa uteri tissue at 1 hour after administration were 25.4 and 27.4 micrograms/g respectively. LMOX was administered to 147 cases in infections of obstetric and gynecological field. The clinical effect according to disease was 94.6% for intrauterine infections, 95.0% for adnexitis, 87.0% intrapelvic infections, and 100% for external genital organ infections, making a total of 92.5%. The rate of occurrence of side effects or abnormal laboratory findings was similar to or slightly less than that seen with other beta-lactam antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Effects of antibiotics in the prevention of infections following vaginal and abdominal hysterectomy: an evaluation by febrile morbidity and fever index].

The current references written in English concerning effect of prophylactic antibiotics in vaginal and abdominal simple hysterectomy have been reviewed. Febrile morbidity was evaluated for antibiotic treated and untreated groups. In most studies, the definition of febrile morbidity was a temperature of 38 degrees C or greater on 2 separate occasions excluding the first 24 hours after the operation. Fever index in degree hours was also compared between 2 groups in some studies. Of 30 studies in vaginal hysterectomy reported between 1969 and 1981, 29 showed that antibiotic prophylaxis successfully decreased postoperative febrile morbidity. Of 15 studies in abdominal hysterectomy reported between 1972 and 1982, 12 showed the significant decrease of febrile morbidity in the treated group. However, pelvic infection in only 2 and wound infection in 5 were reduced. The length of hospital stay was found to be shorter for the treated group in vaginal and abdominal hysterectomy. The beneficial effect of prophylactic antibiotics in abdominal hysterectomy were less compelling than those for vaginal hysterectomy. Although recent studies indicated that a short perioperative use of antibiotics or even a single dose was effective as long-term prophylaxis, the most effective method and duration awaits further evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Juvenile thyroid carcinoma with metastasis to the bilateral cervical lymph nodes--a case report.

A case of juvenile thyroid carcinoma with metastasis to the bilateral cervical lymph nodes in a 9-year-old male is reported. The clinical picture of juvenile thyroid carcinoma is characterized by early metastasis to the lungs and cervical lymph nodes. In Europe, there have been many reports of thyroid carcinoma after radiation. However, our patient had received no radiation. Surgery consisted of subtotal thyroidectomy and right modified neck dissection. The tumor was a papillary adenocarcinoma and metastasis was seen in 24 out of 38 lymph nodes removed. The serum thyroglobulin level, determined by radioimmunoassay, was 184 ng/ml preoperatively, but by 8 months postoperatively the level fell to 48 ng/ml. No signs of recurrence have been found to date (30 months after the operation).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Placental steroid deficiency: association with arylsulfatase A deficiency.

A family with an obstetric history consistent with placental sulfatase deficiency has X-linked ichthyosis. Steroid sulfatase deficiency was confirmed in placenta, leukocytes, and cultured skin fibroblasts of affected males; arylsulfatase A diminution was also observed in these tissues of both affected males and 2 generations of related females. No symptoms of metachromatic leukodystrophy are present in any family members. In this family, placental sulfatase deficiency, and arylsulfatase A pseudodeficiency are nonallelic.

Alleles↗
PubMed1980

Differentiation of sex steroid-binding protein in adult rhesus monkeys.

Several species of primates have sex differences in sex steroid-binding protein (SBP), female adults having higher serum binding capacities (micrograms of dihydrotestosterone bound per deciliter) than male adults, e.g., male humans, 1.28 +/- 0.4; human females, 2.86 +4- 0.9; Macaca nemestrina male animals, 5.62 +/- 1.24; Macaca nemestrina female animals, 11.07 +/- 1.85 (means +/- standard deviations). SBP correlates inversely with metabolic clearance rates of testosterone (T). The sex difference was identified in rhesus monkeys, six per group, evaluated 4 years after postpubertal castration: male animals 3.95 +/- 1.14; female animals 5.85 +/- 0.98 (p less than 0.05). Estradiol-17 beta (E2) pellets producing physiologic levels of E2 in female monkeys obliterated the sex difference by increasing SBP in male animals. After withdrawal of E2, physiologic levels of T in male monkeys produced a marked decrease in SBP levels (p less than 0.01), and the sex difference reappeared; castrated female animals and prenatally androgenized female animals responded similarly to T (2.81 +/- 0.81 and 2.64 +/- 0.49, respectively). Both values were greater (p less than 0.05) than that of the male group (2.02 +/- 0.33). These data suggest that the sex steroid milieu influences the binding capacity of SBP for potent androgens in adulthood but that the differentiation of the SBP sex in rhesus monkeys is determined by factors other than prenatal androgen exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Differentiation and regulation of peripheral androgen metabolism in rats and rhesus monkeys.

The sex-unique metabolic network for steroids is induced neonatally in male rats. The metabolic clearance rates (MCR) of dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone are similar for both sexes of rats despite quantitatively significant sex differences in individual enzyme activities of adults; neonatally androgenized females had a 2-to 3-fold increase in MCR but cyproterone had no effect. The MCRT and MCRDHA of castrated adult male rhesus monkeys are the same as those of normal males; the MCRDHA is 4-fold greater. Testosterone treatment suppressed the MCRDHA of the castrated groups but estradiol treatment did not. The sex-steroid binding protein (SBP) levels were lower in males than females, and these values were reduced by testosterone. Estrogen suppressed the higher SBP values of females. The sex-steroid milieu of adult rhesus monkeys regulates SBP binding capacity and the enzyme activities of skin measured in vitro. Prenatal testosterone does not exert a crucial role in presetting the peripheral metabolic network in rhesus monkeys.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Interruption of pregnancy with vaginal suppositories containing 16,16-dimethyl-trans-delta 2-prostaglandin E1 methyl ester.

A new synthesized Prostaglandin E1 analogue, 16,16-dimethyl-trans-delta 2-Prostaglandin E1 methyl ester, has been shown to be effective in termination of 1st and second trimester pregnancy following vaginal administration. Suppositories, each containing 1 mg Prostaglandin E1 derivative, were administered five times to each of fifty pregnant women of five to twenty gestational weeks at three-hourly intervals. The procedure was clinically effective in 86% of the patients resulting in 56% complete and 30% incomplete abortions. The cervix of all patients was dilated up to 7 mm in diameter at the second insertion of the suppository. Vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain not requiring sedation were observed in all patients. Diarrhea (42%), vomiting (6%), and fever (4%) were the most common side effects. The Karyopyknotic Index of the vaginal smear increased significantly (p less than 0.01) twelve hours after the initial insertion. The superficial cells of the cervix gradually degenerated during the termination procedure.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1978

Whole body bone scintigram and stage classification of the patients with adenocarcinoma of lung.

One hundred and six patients having adenocarcinoma of the lung were studied by whole body bone scanning with 99mTc-phosphates in connection with their clinical stages. Abnormal accumulation was found in 64 patients (60%). There were 64 patients who received surgical treatment. Among these 64 patients, 38 underwent bone scanning within 3 months after the establishment of their clinical stages. Twenty-two of them were classified as Stage I clinically. Pathological stage classification after the surgery revealed these 22 to be classified into 3 groups; 6 for Pathological Stage I, 4 for Pathological Stage II and 12 for Pathological Stage III. None of these 6 in Stage I showed abnormal accumulations. However, 1 of 4 in Stage II and 6 of 12 in Stage III were found to have abnormal accumulations. Therefore, if bone scintigrams had been taken into consideration for clinical stage classification, 7 patients would have never been placed into Clinical Stage I and could be expected more precise treatment. The authors recommend application of the results of whole body bone scanning to stage classification of adenocarcinoma of the lung. Needle biopsy is also recommended to confirm the metastasis at the site of radioisotope accumulation in the rib.

Adenocarcinoma↗