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Biomedical subjects

T Tamai

Publications and source records attributed to T Tamai.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of cilostazol, a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on the proliferation of rat aortic smooth muscle cells in culture.

Cilostazol, a cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has been used as an antiplatelet agent. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effect of cilostazol on DNA synthesis in rat aortic arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in culture stimulated with fetal calf serum (FCS), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin, or insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). Micromolar concentrations of cilostazol inhibited [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA and cell growth as determined by cell number and protein concentration. Treatment with cilostazol increased the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP, suggesting that the inhibition of SMC proliferation by cilostazol may be mediated through increased levels of cyclic AMP. The results suggested that cilostazol, by interfering with the proliferation of arterial SMCs, may have potential to prevent initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1992

Lung cancer with eosinophilia in the peripheral blood and the pleural fluid.

A case of lung cancer associated with eosinophilia in the peripheral blood and pleural fluid is reported. A 55-year-old man with a tumor in the right lower lung lobe and right pleural effusion was admitted to Ehime University Hospital. Histology of specimens biopsied under a bronchoscope revealed that he had poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. On admission, his peripheral blood leukocyte count was 11,500/microliters with 7.8% eosinophils and the pleural fluid showed a high eosinophil count (60.5%). After chemotherapy, blood eosinophilia disappeared and the pleural effusion was decreased with the reduction of the tumor. The patient's serum had the activity to stimulate eosinophil proliferation in human bone marrow cell culture, suggesting that the tumor may have produced an eosinophil proliferating factor.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1992

Characterization of Leptospira strains HY-1, HY-2, and HY-10 isolated in Korea by means of monoclonal antibodies and restriction endonuclease DNA analysis.

To analyze the characteristics of Leptospira strains HY-1, HY-2, and HY-10, which were isolated from patients with leptospirosis in Korea in 1985, 12 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against strain HY-1 and six MAbs against serovar lai strain 017 were produced, and their properties were determined by the microscopic agglutination test. Genetic relationships among the leptospires were determined by restriction endonuclease DNA analysis. Three MAbs reacted with all strains of serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae, but did not react with any strains of the other 10 serogroups. All MAbs reacted with strains 017, HY-1, HY-2, and HY-10 at nearly identical titers. Two MAbs reacted only with these four strains. These four strains also had the same restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns. Based on these results, strains HY-1, HY-2, and HY-10 were identified as serovar lai, which is one of the common serovars in China. It is suggested that serovar lai is one of the prevalent serovars in Korea, and that the Mabs produced in this study are useful for the accurate and rapid identification of this serovar.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1992

Apolipoprotein(a) is present in urine and its excretion is decreased in patients with renal failure.

To investigate the relation between renal function and concentrations of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in serum, we measured Lp(a) in samples of serum and urine from patients with diabetes mellitus and in samples sent to a laboratory center for measurements of creatinine clearance. Serum Lp(a) concentrations were significantly increased in subjects with obvious renal dysfunction (serum creatinine > or = 176.8 mumol/L) compared with normal control subjects. Urinary Lp(a) excretion was decreased in subjects with obvious renal dysfunction compared with subjects without obvious renal dysfunction (serum creatinine < or = 88.4 mumol/L) and was negatively and positively correlated with serum creatinine and creatinine clearance, respectively. More than 80% of urinary Lp(a) was recovered in the d > 1.21 kg/L fraction. At least six bands for apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] fragments, which were smaller than native apo(a) in serum, were observed in urine by immunoblotting, and some of these were also detected in serum. Degraded apo(a) fragments are probably present in urine, and their excretion decreases in parallel with decreases in the glomerular filtration rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

On kynureninase activity.

1) In Mg-deficient rats, kynureninase activity is decreased. 2) p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate inhibits kynureninase activity. 3) -SH groups in the apoenzyme of kynureninase play a very important role in the enzymatic reaction. 4) 3-Hydroxykynurenine may be a very important regulative metabolite in the 3-hydroxykynurenine----xanthurenic acid pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Serological studies on Leptospira strain Ictero No. I using monoclonal antibodies.

In order to elucidate the full serological characteristics of strain Ictero No. I, the first strain of Leptospira isolated by Inada and Ido in 1914, 17 monoclonal antibodies against the strain were produced by cell fusion technology. The antibody-producing hybridomas were designated IMAs 1 to 17. The reactivities of the monoclonal antibodies produced by the hybridomas were determined by the microscopic agglutination test. One of the 17 monoclonal antibodies, IMA 1, reacted with strains Ictero No. I, LT 1131 and Naam, but not with other strains of the serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae including strain RGA used in the present study. Moreover, the reactivity of the antigenic determinant of IMA 1 was inactivated by treatment at 56 C for 30 min. The 16 other monoclonal antibodies, IMAs 2 to 17, showed different reaction patterns against Leptospira strains of the serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. All of the 16 antibodies reacted with both Ictero No. I and RGA strains. The antigens against antibodies IMAs 2 to 17 were thermostable. The present study thus clarified the presence of a thermolabile antigen in strain Ictero No. I, and allowed correct distinction between the serotype of strain Ictero No. I and that of strain RGA using IMA 1. Therefore, we propose that strain Ictero No. I represents serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, as originally designated by Inada and Ido. Moreover, strain Ictero No. I should be designated as the type strain of Leptospira interrogans.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1991

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profile in elderly female runners.

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles were compared in elderly female runners (RU: n = 15, aged 66 +/- 5 years, body fat 20 +/- 4%, training distance 35 +/- 15 km week-1, VO2max 36 +/- 4 ml kg-1 min-1, mean +/- SD) and age-matched untrained women (UT: n = 28, 66 +/- 4 years, body fat 26 +/- 6%, VO2max 26 +/- 3 ml kg-1 min-1). There were insignificant differences in total cholesterol (RU: 5.04 +/- 0.60 vs. UT: 5.48 +/- 0.85 mmol l-1), HDL-cholesterol (RU: 1.97 +/- 0.41 vs. UT: 1.91 +/- 0.36 mmol l-1) and LDL-cholesterol (RU: 2.72 +/- 0.59 vs. UT: 3.03 +/- 0.80 mmol l-1) between the two groups. Plasma triglyceride concentration of the runners was significantly lower than that of the untrained women (RU: 0.80 +/- 0.27 vs UT: 1.14 +/- 0.36 mmol l-1, P less than 0.01). No difference was observed in the LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio between the two groups (RU: 1.45 +/- 0.51 vs UT: 1.64 +/- 0.53 units). These results suggest that regularly performed running of 35 km week-1 in elderly women does not further elevate their HDL-cholesterol level which is already high compared to the levels found in elderly men. However, elderly female runners appear to be protected against age-related increases in the levels of triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Total and split renal function assessed by ultrasound Doppler techniques.

We evaluated total and split renal functions from the pattern for renal arterial blood flow detected by ultrasound Doppler in healthy subjects and patients with varying degrees of renal function and disorders other than renovascular hypertension or severe aortic valvular disease. A renal-time pulsed ultrasonic echo-Doppler device at 2.5 MHz was used with a translumbar approach. The ratio of peak diastolic (D) to systolic (S) velocity correlated well with both p-aminohippurate clearance and creatinine clearance. Acceleration time was correlated with the clearance of neither compound. To evaluate the clinical usefulness of ultrasound Doppler in the assessment of split renal function, we compared the D/S ratio with the renal function obtained by radionuclide methods for individuals. The split renal glomerular filtration rate, calculated by a method which makes use of the early renal uptake of 99mTc-diethylenetriam-inepentaacetic acid, correlated well with the D/S ratio. These results indicate that the ultrasonic measurement of renal arterial blood flow by the pulsed Doppler method should be useful for assessment of total and split renal functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Plasma thrombomodulin concentration in diabetes mellitus.

Thrombomodulin is an endothelial cell membrane protein acting as a cofactor for the activation of plasma protein C. Recently, it was found that soluble forms of thrombomodulin exist in plasma. Although the physiological significance of circulating thrombomodulin is presently obscure, it may reflect injury of the endothelial cell. In the present study, we examined plasma thrombomodulin concentrations in 106 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Plasma thrombomodulin was determined by a sandwich ELISA employing monoclonal anti-thrombomodulin antibodies. The patients with proteinuria had higher plasma thrombomodulin concentrations (61.0 +/- 36.0 ng/ml) compared to the patients without proteinuria (33.6 +/- 9.5 ng/ml, P less than 0.001) and control subjects (32.8 +/- 6.5 ng/ml, P less than 0.001). Plasma thrombomodulin concentrations were positively correlated with the level of serum creatine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary albumin and urinary beta 2-microglobulin (P less than 0.001 for each), but not with fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c or fructosamine. Elevated plasma thrombomodulin was also observed in the patients with pre-proliferative (63.4 +/- 28.9 ng/ml) or proliferative retinopathy (57.4 +/- 34.7 ng/ml), but not in the patients with non-proliferative retinopathy (33.5 +/- 12.9 ng/ml) or those without retinopathy (32.4 +/- 8.9 ng/ml). Even in the 81 diabetic subjects without proteinuria as determined by a dip and read method, and whose serum creatinine was lower than 1.0 mg/dl, the plasma thrombomodulin concentration was significantly higher in the patients with pre-proliferative (41.5 +/- 4.4 ng/ml) and proliferative retinopathy (41.0 +/- 12.8 ng/ml) compared to the patients without retinopathy (32.2 +/- 8.8 ng/ml) and those with non-proliferative retinopathy (31.9 +/- 7.8 ng/ml).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1990

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles in pre- and post-menopausal middle-aged runners.

Plasma lipid and lipoprotein profiles were compared in middle-aged trained and untrained women before and after menopause. Subjects were assigned to one of four groups: (1) pre-menopausal trained (Pre-T: n = 17, aged 42 +/- 5 years, body fat 19 +/- 5%, training distance 53 +/- 20 km week-1, VO2max 49 +/- 4 ml kg-1 min-1, mean +/- SD); (2) pre-menopausal untrained (Pre-UT: n = 26, 42 +/- 5 years, 24 +/- 7%, 34 +/- 6 ml kg-1 min-1); (3) post-menopausal trained (Post-T: n = 16, 54 +/- 3 years, 20 +/- 4%, 43 +/- 19 km week-1, 41 +/- 5 ml kg-1 min-1); and (4) post-menopausal untrained (Post-UT: n = 15, 55 +/- 3 years, 25 +/- 6%, 31 +/- 3 ml kg-1 min-1). There were no significant differences in total cholesterol (range 173-194 mg dl-1), triglyceride (56-72 mg dl-1), and HDL-cholesterol (HDLC: 76-85 mg dl-1) among the four groups. LDL-cholesterol (LDLC) in the post-menopausal women (Post-T: 96 +/- 32 mg dl-1; Post-UT: 104 +/- 23 mg dl-1) tended to be higher than in the premenopausal women (Pre-T: 86 +/- 25 mg dl-1, Pre-UT: 81 +/- 23 mg dl-1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Metabolic risk factors in the normolipidemic male patients with angiographically defined coronary artery disease.

The relationship of plasma lipid and apolipoprotein (apo) concentrations and plasma insulin response to oral glucose load to angiographically determined coronary artery disease (CAD) was investigated in 65 normolipidemic (plasma cholesterol less than 230 mg/dl and plasma triglyceride less than 150 mg/dl) males. According to the results of coronary angiography, the patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with normal coronary artery, NCA group (n = 21); and patients with coronary artery disease, CAD group (n = 44). No significant differences in concentrations of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride were observed between the CAD and NCA groups. In the CAD group cumulative lifetime tobacco consumption was higher and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration was lower than those in the NCA group. The variables that correlated with the severity of CAD, defined by the number of lesions and percent stenosis, were levels of plasma apo A-I and apo B. Prevalence of subjects with reduced oral glucose tolerance did not differ between 2 groups. However, hyperinsulinemic response to oral glucose load was present in the CAD group. HDL-cholesterol concentration, the sum of plasma insulin levels and the magnitude of the early insulin response during oral glucose challenge were accurate predictors of the presence of but not the severity of CAD. Multivariate analysis of the data confirmed the independent effect of plasma levels of apo A-I and apo B on the severity of CAD. The present data indicated that plasma levels of apo A-I and apo B were powerful discriminators in the normolipidemic CAD patients and that a high insulin response might be an indicator of enhanced susceptibility to the distinct coronary atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia with blasts expressing both immature B lymphocyte- and myelomonocyte-associated antigens and differentiating into basophils in vitro].

A 43-year-old woman with Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) was diagnosed as having blastic crisis. The phenotype of blasts was CD9+, CD10+, CD19+, CD11b+ and CD33+, suggesting the B Lymphoid and myeloid mixed lineage. Two color analysis of CD10 and CD33 revealed that 50% of blast cells had both B lymphocyte- and myelomonocyte-associated surface markers. Rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene was detected. After culturing blasts with 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13 acetate (TPA), basophilic granules appeared in cytoplasm of the cells. These granules were positive for toluidine blue staining. This finding that the biphenotypic blasts expressing both B lymphoid and myelomonocytoid features differentiated into basophils suggests that blasts of this case are derived from a common progenitor of B lymphoid and myeloid lineages including basophil.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Gynecologic tumor].

The image diagnosis of a gynecologic tumor is progressing with the propagation of magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI), fast X-ray computed tomography (CT), and transvaginal probe. We introduce you the role which an image diagnosis should play in the decision of the therapeutic plan and the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of a uterine cervical cancer, a uterine endometrial cancer, and an ovarian cancer. In a uterine cervical cancer, MRI is useful to grasp the stage and the tumor size, and contributes toward determining a therapeutic plan. In addition, we may guess the response to the therapy, and judge the existence of a residual tumor during or immediately after an irradiation or an intraarterial injection. In a uterine endometrial cancer, MRI will contribute toward demonstrating a cervical invasion and toward assessing a myometrial invasion, therefore may help us to modify a therapeutic plan. To stage an ovarian cancer, it is necessary to visualize a small disseminated lesion. However, as all imaging modalities has a limitation to reveal the small disseminated nodules, they will not replace probe laparotomy. The probability of X-ray CT to take the place of second-look operation by an improvement has been suggested. MRI is poor at the visualization of a dissemination, however it is sometimes helpful for the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of a localizing tumor with demonstrating the changes of the signal intensity. We suppose that also an image diagnosis leaves room for expectation to contribute toward deciding the therapeutic plan of an ovarian cancer.

Combined Modality Therapy↗