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Biomedical subjects

T Tazawa

Publications and source records attributed to T Tazawa.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Changes in magnesium and calcium levels in blood and stomach tissue of patients with stomach cancer].

This study was performed to evaluate changes in Magnesium (Mg) and Calcium (Ca) levels in blood and cancerous stomach tissue of patients with stomach cancer, who were classified into four stages of malignancy and three groups of metastatic category. Mg and Ca were determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometer after blood and stomach tissue were digested with nitric and perchloric acid. Significantly high Mg levels in the early stages were found both in plasma and in whole blood. On the other hand, significantly low Ca levels were found in blood plasma in most stages and in all metastatic groups. By contrast, significantly high Ca levels were observed in whole blood in later malignant stages and in two metastatic groups. Significantly high Mg and low Ca levels were found in cancerous stomach tissue in patients with stomach cancer, as compared to their normal stomach tissue. The same tendencies were observed in each malignant stages and metastatic groups. These changes in Mg and Ca levels in blood and cancerous stomach tissue may reflect inherent peculiarities of stomach cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Differential analysis of the human anagen hair apparatus using lectin binding histochemistry.

Cell differentiation in the human anagen hair apparatus was examined by lectin-binding histochemistry using seven different lectins: Con A, WGA, RCA-I, PNA, SBA, DBA and UEA-I. Con A and WGA positively stained almost all the cells in the hair apparatus. RCA-I and PNA positively stained the outer cells of the outer root sheath (ORS), but they did not stain the innermost cells (IMCs) of the ORS in the suprabulbar region. However, in the isthmus region, the IMCs showed positive staining with RCA-I, and more intense staining with PNA than that of the outer ORS cells. The ORS cells, including the IMCs, were negative with SBA and DBA below the suprabulbar region, whereas the IMCs became more strongly positive with these two lectins than the other ORS cells in the isthmus region. UEA-I strongly stained the IMCs, but not the outer ORS cells in the hair bulb. The latter cells became positive for UEA-I above the suprabulbar region. These findings indicate that the surface glycoconjugate distribution of the IMCs differs from that of the outer ORS cells. It is concluded that the IMCs of the ORS may undergo an independent cell differentiation process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Investigation of germinative cells in generating and renewed anagen hair apparatus in mice using anti-bromodeoxyuridine monoclonal antibody.

To elucidate the cell kinetics in generating and renewed anagen hair apparatus in mice, S-phase cells in dorsal skin of new-born and 14 to 25-day-old mice were labeled with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and stained immunohistochemically using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody. In primary hair germ, lower and outer cells were positively stained. In hair peg, the positive cells were divided into upper and lower portions. In bulbous hair peg, the lower positive cells gathered at the suprapapillary area, whereas the upper positive cells were located in the outer part of the hair apparatus. The latter positive cells were further divided in the middle and upper parts of the epithelial cord. The upper cells were going to form a sebaceous gland. From the suprapapillary group of germinative cells, hair cortex through the innermost cell layer of the outer root sheath were considered to be produced. The positive cells of the outer middle group may be important for elongation of hair apparatus and produce outer root sheath cells. At the end of anagen phase, first the suprapapillary cells became negative and then the outer root sheath cells became negative. BrdU-positive cells reappeared at the bottom of telogen hair apparatus and formed a secondary hair germ. Then, a similar cell kinetics was repeated in the renewed anagen hair apparatus. The germinative cells were separated into a few groups during the generation and cyclic changes of hair apparatus. Each cell group formed the individual part of the hair apparatus in a coordinate fashion, resulting in dynamic changes of the hair apparatus.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (Koebner) is a keratin disorder. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study.

A skin biopsy specimen was obtained from a 1-month-old female with epidermolysis bullosa simplex (Koebner). Histologically, an intraepidermal separation was seen and considered to be formed by cytolysis of the epidermal basal cells. Ultrastructurally, the basal cells were lacking in cytoplasmic tonofilaments, and the initial change of the cytolysis seemed to be cleavages of the cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, a basal cell keratin was expressed in a suprabasal cell layer but not in the basal cell layer, and a panepithelial keratin was not detected in the basal cell layer. These findings suggest that keratin production of the epidermal cells may be delayed, resulting in a weakness of the basal cells against minor trauma to the skin.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

Changes in blood magnesium and calcium concentrations in patients with stomach cancer.

Blood magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) concentrations were determined in patients with stomach cancer and in normal subjects. The patients were classified into four stages of malignancy and three metastatic categories. High Mg levels were found in plasma and whole blood of patients in the early stages of stomach cancer, while low Ca levels were found in blood plasma in most stages and in all metastatic groups. By contrast, high Ca levels were observed in whole blood in the later malignancy stages and in two of the metastatic categories. The calcium level in blood plasma does not therefore seem to depend on the stage of malignancy and metastasis, while the calcium level in whole blood and the Mg level in blood plasma and whole blood do appear to depend on the stage of malignancy or metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical study on keratin expression in certain cutaneous epithelial neoplasms. Basal cell carcinoma, pilomatricoma, and seborrheic keratosis.

We investigated immunohistochemically 20 basal cell carcinomas (BCC), five pilomatricomas, and nine seborrheic keratoses using anti-BCC keratin monoclonal antibody (BKN-1) and anti-hair keratin monoclonal antibodies (HKN-2, HKN-4- -7). The neoplastic cells in all the cases of BCC were always uniformly stained by BKN-1, HKN-2, and HKN-4, indicating that the BCC cells display a constant antigenicity of keratin, which may be different from that of the normal epidermis. Although no fluorescence by HKN-6 or HKN-7 was seen in any cases of BCC, HKN-5 partially but strongly stained the neoplastic nests in most cases of BCC; BCC may have differentiation toward the lower part of hair follicular epithelium. In pilomatricoma, all the anti-keratin monoclonal antibodies showed a similar staining pattern; the differentiating neoplastic cells undergoing transition from basaloid to eosinophilic were positively stained by each antibody in all the cases. This finding of pilomatricoma corresponds to that of the differentiating cells in the inner hair layers, especially in the hair cortex. In seborrheic keratoses, no fluorescence was recognized with HKN-5- -7, which stain the lower follicular cells in the normal human skin. The staining patterns of seborrheic keratosis by BKN-1, HKN-2, and HKN-4 were similar to those of the normal interfollicular epidermis. These anti-keratin monoclonal antibodies seem to be useful for the investigation of the direction of differentiation of skin adnexal neoplasms.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Rippled-pattern trichomatricoma. Histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of an immature hair matrix tumor.

A hair matrix tumor showing an unusual tumor cell arrangement was found at the base of a solitary trichoepithelioma. Coexisting with solid epithelial islands and immature hair follicle-like stroma resembling the Verocay bodies of neurilemmoma or "ripplemarks" on waves were found. In other areas myxomatous degeneration of the stroma changed the rippling into a cribriform pattern. In some parts of the tumor there was a dense melanin pigment associated with MEL5 stained melanocytes. S-100 and CD1 (OKT6) antigen stains demonstrated Langerhans cells scattered in the parenchyma and less frequently in the stroma. The majority of tumor cells were considered immature pilar cortical cells because of the following: 1. HKN-6 was strongly positive; 2. a large number of melanocytes were associated with tumor cells in some foci; 3. ultrastructurally immature tumor cells, which had electron-dense tonofilaments and many desmosomes, were transformed without production of trichohyalin granules into semikeratinized cells which showed nuclear degeneration and loss of electron density in tonofilaments. This tumor, however, has not attained the degree of differentiation observed in trichoblastoma (1) another example of an immature cortical cell tumor. Squamous eddy-like or horn pearl-like foci of incomplete keratinization and large keratin-filled cysts were also present within the immature parenchyma, indicating that some immature cells were differentiating toward non-cortical cells, as found in the outer sheath. We would like to designate this tumor "rippled pattern trichomatricoma", a new entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diaphragmatic pacing by electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve--a case report].

A four-year-old boy had traffic accident and was transferred to our hospital with cardiorespiratory arrest, on March 24, 1986. After resuscitation, quadriplegia and apnea were sustained. Computed tomography (CT) scan on the day of admission only demonstrated subarachnoid hemorrhage and plain roentgenograms of the skull and cervical spine showed no abnormalities. He opened his eyes to verbal order one week later, but apnea and quadriplegia sustained. CT scan obtained on that day demonstrated no abnormalities but roentgenogram of the cervical spine showed atlanto-axial dislocation. On May 26, 1986, he was treated with densectomy through transoral approach. Furthermore, on June 19, he underwent laminectomy of the atlas, partial craniectomy of the occipital bone, and posterior fusion with iliac bone graft. However, apnea continued, and bilateral diaphragmatic pacemaker (Avery Laboratory Inc.) was planed: On Sept. 18, platinum and silicone rubber electrodes were surgically implanted on the both phrenic nerves at the cervical portion. Each electrode was connected by lead wire and connector to a radio-frequency receiver which was implanted in a subcutaneous abdominal pocket. An external transmitter supplied electrical power and information of the stimulation to the implanted receiver by radiofrequency across the skin. Pacing time was gradually prolonged and continuous pacing for four hours could be successfully gained by March, 1987. Pneumonia once occurred in the course of gradual prolongation of the pacing time. The ideal candidates for diaphragmatic pacing are patients with normal phrenic nerves, diaphragm, and lungs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Apnea↗
PubMed1988

Intraepidermal pilar epithelioma: a new dermatopathologic interpretation of a skin tumor.

An intraepidermally developed epithelial cell tumor, forming multiple nests, was examined to identify its cytologic characteristics. Histochemically, the tumor cells contained neither glycogen nor lipid substance. By N-(7-dimethylamino-3-methyl-4-coumarinyl)maleimide staining, the cytoplasm of the tumor cells in the periphery of each nest was rich in SH groups but not in SS linkages, whereas centrally located homogeneous tumor cells contained SS diffusely but no SH. The tumor cells showed no activity of phosphorylase and a weak activity of succinic dehydrogenase. Immunohistochemically, antihair keratin monoclonal antibodies specific for hair cells decorated the tumor cells, but carcinoembryonic antigen staining showed no positivity. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells underwent a keratinization forming a fingerprint pattern of keratin filaments; however, membrane-coating granules and marginal bands were not formed. These intraepidermal tumor cells may have cytologic natures similar to those of hair cortical cells. The term intraepidermal pilar epithelioma is proposed as a diagnosis for this tumor.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1988

Mapping of local cerebral blood flow with stable xenon-enhanced CT and the curve-fitting method of analysis.

A noninvasive method is described for estimating local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) and local partition coefficients by means of computed tomographic scanning during inhalation of 30% stable xenon gas in oxygen. Time-dependent xenon concentrations in arterial blood and brain tissue during the wash-in and washout phases are used to calculate partition coefficients and LCBF values by means of a least-squares curve-fitting analysis. Control values for partition coefficient and LCBF obtained from control subjects with minor head trauma in the chronic stage were compatible with those in several past reports, and reproducibility was satisfactory. The theoretic grounds underlying this new method of curve-fitting analysis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Immunologic characteristics of keratins in extramammary Paget's disease.

Six cases of extramammary Paget's disease were immunohistochemically investigated with several antikeratin monoclonal antibodies. Paget cells and surrounding epidermal keratinocytes were equally stained with an antikeratin monoclonal antibody, HKN-4, which recognizes a broad spectrum of keratins. However, Paget cells were clearly distinguished from the surrounding epidermal keratinocytes by HKN-2, which does not react with keratins of secretory cells but does react with keratins of ductal and myoepithelial cells of sweat glands and with epidermis and hair tissue of the normal skin. The HKN-2 did not bind to Paget cells, but the surrounding keratinocytes were positive. CK7, LE41, RGE53, and LP2K, which recognize simple epithelium-type keratins 7 (molecular weight [MW], 54,000; type II), 8 (MW, 52,500; type II), 18 (MW, 45,000; type I), and 19 (MW, 40,000; type I), respectively, stained Paget cells but not the surrounding keratinocytes. Two cases of Merkel cell carcinoma, examined as controls, showed positivity to LE41 and RGE53 but not to CK7 and LP2K. Since in the normal skin the secretory cells of sweat glands showed the same keratin expression as that of Paget cells, Paget cells of extramammary Paget's disease may be derived from or differentiate to the secretory cells of sweat glands.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Measurement of local cerebral blood flow by computerized tomography with inhalation of stable xenon and curve-fitting method].

Non-invasive methods are described for estimating local cerebral blood flows (LCBF) and local partition coefficients (L lambda) during inhalation of 30% stable xenon gas (Xe) in oxygen during CT scanning. After the denitrogenation with pure oxygen breathing, 30% Xe is inhaled for four minutes to minimize subanesthetic effects with a rubber face-mask and the delivery system of Xe. Local time-delta Hounsfield units curve during the Xe wash-in and wash-out phase is utilized in order to calculate L lambda and LCBF using a least squares curve fitting analysis. Calculated L lambda and LCBF with the new method manifested reasonable distribution between the grey and white matters, and reproducibility was excellent in our study. Several case studies of patients with cerebral infarction are presented to demonstrate the characterization of L lambda and LCBF patterns in various tissues and theoretical grounds underlying the new method of curve fitting analysis are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical demonstration of simple epithelia-type keratin intermediate filament in a case of Merkel cell carcinoma.

A case of Merkel cell carcinoma that developed on the right cheek of a 77-year-old woman is reported. The diagnosis was ultrastructurally made by demonstrating dense-core granules in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were shown to possess simple epithelia-type keratin intermediate filaments, but no neurofilaments. This finding was in accordance with that obtained on normal Merkel cells. No bioactive peptides examined could be detected in the tumor cells. Typing of intermediate filaments in tumor cells may be one of the important markers, along with the ultrastructural findings, in diagnosing Merkel cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Measurement of energy expenditure in the acute stage of head injury (Part I)].

Oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), resting metabolic expenditure (RME), RME of that expected for an uninjured resting person of equivalent age, sex, and body surface area (RME%), nitrogen balance, and protein calorie contribution (PCC) were measured in 8 patients with head injury. Metabolic measurements were carried out with the technique of indirect calorimetry from onsets to 14th day. Mean values of VO2 and VCO2 were 298 ml/min, 236 ml/min respectively on admission and those decreased gradually. Mean values of RME%, nitrogen balance, and PCC were 130.6%, -14.5 gm/day, and 17.3% respectively on admission. And those three values significantly decreased on 14th day in those 8 patients. From those facts, it was implied that hypermetabolism and hypercatabolism existed, and measurement of energy expenditure was indispensable to supply enough calorie maintaining body weight and immunocompetence in the acute stage of head injury.

Acute Disease↗