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T Toriumi

Publications and source records attributed to T Toriumi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

An anaphylactic reaction possibly associated with an intraoperative coronary artery spasm during general anesthesia.

We report a case of anaphylactic reaction occurring during general anesthesia that may have been accompanied by a coronary artery spasm. The present case and a review of the medical literature suggest that coronary artery spasm is evoked by common vasoactive mediators with anaphylactic reactions. Coronary artery spasm should be counted as a symptom of the cardiovascular manifestation of anaphylaxis. Clinicians should be aware of this possible complication when treating an anaphylactic reaction, especially in patients at risk for atherosclerosis. Early recognition of ST segment elevation is essential for diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery spasm.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Enhanced beta-receptor-mediated vasorelaxation in hypoxic porcine coronary artery.

To investigate the beta-adrenoceptor-mediated responses in hypoxic coronary arteries, we studied the effect of isoproterenol (Iso) on isolated porcine coronary arteries contracted with endothelin-1 in media aerated with 0, 5, 7.5, and 95% O(2). The concentration-response curve of Iso was significantly shifted to the left by hypoxia (0 and 5% O(2)). In oxygenated and hypoxic arteries, 3 x 10(-8), 10(-6), and 10(-5) M Iso significantly increased the contents of cAMP. However, there was no difference in the increases of cAMP content induced by 3 x 10(-8) M Iso between oxygenated and hypoxic arteries. The content of cAMP induced by high concentrations of Iso (10(-6) and 10(-5) M) was significantly larger in hypoxic than in oxygenated arteries. Furthermore, the potentiation by hypoxia of the Iso-induced vasorelaxation was inhibited by glibenclamide and depolarization by KCl, but not by removal of endothelium and indomethacin. The vasodilatory response to forskolin and dibutyryl cAMP was unaffected by hypoxia. We conclude that activation of the ATP-sensitive K(+) channel may account for the potentiation of the response to Iso in hypoxic coronary arteries.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Auto-positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation using a double-lumen endobronchial tube.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the possible relationships between the magnitude of autopositive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP) and measured PaO2 during one-lung ventilation (OLV). Forty-one adults received OLV anesthesia using a tidal volume of 8 mL/kg and a respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min. Auto-PEEP was quantified using an end-expiratory port occlusion method. During two-lung ventilation (2LV), auto-PEEP was observed in 18 of 41 patients and ranged from 0.5 to 2.5 cm H2O. During OLV, auto-PEEP was observed in 34 of 41 patients and ranged from 0.5 to 10 cm H2O. The mean (+/- SD) value of auto-PEEP was significantly higher during OLV than during 2LV (3.2 +/- 3.3 cm H2O versus 0.5 +/- 0.7 cm H2O, P < 0.0001). Auto-PEEP during OLV correlated inversely with preoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (y = 12.5 - 0.13x, r = -.05, P < 0.005). During OLV, there was no significant correlation between auto-PEEP and measured PaO2. These findings confirm that many patients do not exhale completely to functional residual capacity during OLV.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Hypoxia modifies the vasodilatory effects of nitroglycerin, prostaglandin E1, and hydralazine on isolated porcine coronary arteries.

To evaluate the potency of vasodilatory drugs in hypoxia, we studied the effects of nitroglycerin (NTG), prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), and hydralazine on porcine coronary artery constricted with endothelin-1 (ET-1) in both oxygenated and hypoxic conditions. Removal of endothelium potentiated NTG-induced relaxation in oxygenated conditions. Hypoxia potentiated relaxation of endothelium-intact arteries induced by NTG, but not relaxation of endothelium-denuded arteries. These findings suggest that hypoxia may modify endothelial function in NTG-induced relaxation. The relaxation of endothelium-intact and -denuded arteries induced by PGE1 in hypoxia was significantly greater than that in the oxygenated condition. PGE1 significantly increased the content of cyclic AMP in the hypoxic condition; it was much greater than that in the oxygenated condition, suggesting that hypoxia may enhance PGE1-induced relaxation by increasing cyclic AMP levels. Hypoxia attenuated hydralazine-induced relaxation in both endothelium-intact and denuded arteries. Indomethacin and aspirin attenuated hydralazine-induced relaxation in the oxygenated condition, suggesting that cyclooxygenase-related eicosanoid(s) may be involved in hydralazine-induced relaxation. However, indomethacin did not alter relaxation of hypoxic arteries induced by hydralazine. These findings suggest that hypoxia may inactivate cyclooxygenase in hydralazine-induced relaxation. Hypoxia may greatly modify the action of vasodilators on porcine coronary smooth muscle.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1992

Cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen consumption in patients with COPD on mechanical ventilation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PaCO2 on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN: Before-after trial. SETTING: General ICU in a regional hospital. PATIENTS: 7 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation because of an exacerbation of COPD. INTERVENTION: CBF and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) of COPD were measured before and after hyperventilation and were compared by those of normal patients. CBF was measured by the Kety-Schmidt technique using 15% N2O. MEASUREMENTS/RESULTS: Hyperventilation produced a significant reduction in CBF in COPD with no concomitant change in CMRO2. CMRO2 in COPD was significantly lower than those in normal patients. The regression equation was shifted significantly more to the right in COPD. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of CBF in CO2 remained but CMRO2 was reduced markedly in COPD patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Combined effects of inversed ratio ventilation (IRV) with positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation (PEEP) on cardiorespiratory function in acute respiratory failure.

Combined effects of inversed ratio ventilation (IRV) with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on cardiorespiratory function were examined in 24 patients with acute respiratory failure. Patients were divided into two groups: the IRV group (n = 12) who showed no significant increase in Pa(O)(2) with a 6 cmH(2)O of PEEP and PEEP group (n = 12) who were ventilated mechanically with PEEP only at maximum level of 10 cmH(2)O. In IRV group step-wise prolongation of the I : E ratio from 1 : 1.9 to 2.6 : 1 or 4 : 1 was applied as a Pa(O)(2) was improved and in PEEP group also level of PEEP was increased from 0, 5 to 10 cmH(2)O after one hour period irrespective of Pa(O)(2). Inversed ratio ventilation and PEEP increased significantly Pa(O)(2)/F i(O)(2), the increase being observed 6 hrs (I : E = 2 : 1) and 2 hrs (10 cmH(2)O) after starting IRV or PEEP. Further improvement of oxygenation was not observed in IRV even if I : E ratio was prolonged up to 2.6 : 1 or 4 : 1. These results suggested that combinations of IRV with PEEP were effective and an I : E ratio of 2 : 1 may be optimal, and IRV is advantageous compared to PEEP, but will take more long time to improve oxygenation than PEEP.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

The effects of dopamine infusion during operation on the postoperative liver dysfunction.

Dopamine improves renal function and renal blood flow by increasing cardiac output but its effect to ameriolate postoperative liver dysfunction has not yet been defined. Effect of 3-5 microg.kg(-1).min(-1) dopamine was studied in 22 patients who had total gastrectomy (dopamine group), and was compared with 22 patients who underwent the same operation and without dopamine infusion (control group). Liver function was evaluated from serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) values. Although postoperative SGOT and SGPT values in both groups were increased significantly higher than the preoperative values, the increases in SGOT (40 +/- 14 IU) and SGPT (32 +/- 15 IU) values in the dopamine group were significantly less than those in the control group (67 +/- 27 IU, 43 +/- 19 IU) ( P < 0.05, P < 0.01).In conclusion, these results suggested that this observation might be explained by amelioration of the postoperative liver dysfunction by infusion of dopamine. Dopamine infusion at a small dose during upper abdominal surgery is beneficial for liver function.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

The effects of inversed ratio ventilation (IRV) on arterial oxygenation during mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure.

We investigated the effects of inversed ratio ventilation by altering the inspiratory:expiratory (I:E) ratio and assessing the time course changes in the intrapulmonary shunting (Qs/Qt) in 14 patients with acute respiratory failure. Stepwise prolongation of the I:E ratio from 1:1.9 to 2:1 and then to 2.6 or 4:1 was applied when PEEP failed to raise the PaO2 above 80 mmHg while breathing oxygen. A significant decrease in Qs/Qt was observed following prolongation of the I:E ratio from 1:1.9 (Qs/Qt = 45 +/- 9%) to 2:1 (Qs/Qt = 29 +/- 9%) but not with further prolongation of the I:E ratio (Qs/Qt = 27 +/- 7%). Improvement of the pulmonary ventilation/perfusion imbalance became more marked with continued IRV and a significant increase in PaO2 was observed at 6 h after initiating prolongation of the inspiratory time (P less than 0.05). There were no significant changes in hemodynamics, PaCO2, or peak inspiratory pressure during IRV. This ventilatory pattern may be indicated when PEEP fails to improve PaO2, but prolongation of the inspiratory time above an I:E ratio of 2:1 did not produce a greater improvement in Qs/Qt and further increases in PaO2 did not occur after more than 10 h of IRV in our 14 patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[An autopsy case of cerebral sinus thrombosis which showed papilledema and was accompanied by idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura].

In a 53-year-old woman with papilledema and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) brain CT examinations failed to detect the cause of papilledema, pseudotumor cerebri was suspected and lumbo-peritoneal shunt operation was performed to decrease the intracranial pressure. Unfortunately the patient died of intracerebral hemorrhage. The autopsy revealed superior sagittal sinus thrombosis to be the cause of papilledema, which indicate that sinus thrombosis can develop with such a hemorrhagic disease as ITP.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Limbal anesthesia for cataract surgery.

We present a new technique for the administration of anesthesia in cataract surgery. The technique consists of injecting 0.5 ml of locally-acting anesthetic subconjunctivally (or sub-Tenon's) along the superior limbal border. Using this method, we performed extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with and without posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) implantation or secondary PC-IOL implantation on 176 cataract patients. Anesthesia was successfully induced in the majority of these patients and all surgeries were carried out successfully with no major complications. Voluntary eye movements remained but did not interfere with surgery. On the contrary, they helped expose certain surgical sites. This new anesthetic method for cataract surgery is simple and minimizes complications attributed to other blind anesthetic techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of sulfamonomethoxine and ormetoprim on leucocytozoon infection in chickens].

The preventive effect of sulfamonomethoxine (Smm) and ormetoprim (Omp) medicated in combination against leucocytozoon infection in chickens was tested in field trials. In trial 1, medication was given continuously throughout the experimental period. In trial 2, medication was given for seven days and no medication was given for the next seven days; then this schedule for the medication was repeated throughout the experimental period. In trial 1, almost complete prevention was obtained when Smm and Omp were added to the feed at the level of 12 ppm and 14 ppm, respectively, or at the level of 15 ppm and 5 ppm, respectively. Only a partial effect was obtained, however, when these drugs were used at the level of 9 ppm and 3 ppm, respectively. In trial 2, a nearly complete effect was obtained when Smm and Omp were added to the feed at the level of 18 ppm and 6 ppm respectively, but we found no effect when these drugs were used at the level of 15 ppm and 5 ppm, respectively. There were no significant differences among the groups as to the weight gain.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of HPS on leucocytozoon and coccidial infection in chickens].

The effect of HPS (halofuginonepolystyrene sulfonate), a derivative of halofuginone with lower toxicity, on natural leucocytozoon and coccidial infection in broiler chickens was evaluated in a floor pen trial. The experiment was conducted from one day to 10 weeks of age. On leucocytozoon infection, HPS added to the diet was completely effective at 60 ppm, fairly effective at 40 ppm and ineffective at 20 ppm. On the other hand, HPS concentrations of 20 ppm, 40 ppm and 60 ppm were completely effective on coccidial infection. HPS at 40 ppm which corresponds to the recommended level of halofuginone (3 ppm) and at 60 ppm had no adverse effect on the weight gain in experimental birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of sulfaquinoxaline and diaveridine on leucocytozoon infection in chickens].

The preventive effect of sulfaquinoxaline and diaveridine in combination against leucocytozoon infection in White Leghorn female chickens was tested in a field trial. The experiment was initiated when the animals were 120 days old, and it lasted for 10 weeks. The medication was given for the first seven days, and no medication was given for the next seven days; then this schedule for the medication was repeated throughout the experimental period. The almost complete preventive effect was obtained when sulfaquinoxaline and diaveridine were added to the feed at the level of 16 ppm and 4 ppm, respectively, or at the level of 8 ppm and 2 ppm, respectively. On the other hand, only a partial effect was obtained when these drugs were used at the level of 4 ppm and 1 ppm, respectively. These medications had no adverse effect on the weight gain in the experimental birds.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[The influence of weight changes in pregnancy and postpartum on serum total cholesterol and triglyceride].

We measured total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in 78 pregnant women with obvious hypercholesterolemia (TC greater than or equal to 300 mg/dl) in pregnancy, measuring the concomitant effects of age, grade of obesity prior to pregnancy, total weight gain and degree of weight gain during pregnancy. After delivery the body weight was measured until TC was below 250 mg/dl, and then the average weekly weight loss was calculated. Age, the grade of obesity prior to pregnancy, total weight gain or degree of weight gain during pregnancy did not influence TC or TG in pregnancy. TC or TG in pregnancy had no effects on the birth weight of the newborn. There was significantly positive correlation between TC or TG at the 13th-16th week of pregnancy and the maximal level of TC or TG in pregnancy. In 22 of the 25 subjects, whose average weekly weight loss was 1.0 kg or over, TC was below 250 mg/dl by the 8th week postpartum. In pregnancy many factors including weight changes might influence TC or TG; however, the effects of weight changes postpartum on TC or TG such as weight reduction in obesity might appear.

Adult↗