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Biomedical subjects

T Totoki

Publications and source records attributed to T Totoki.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Effect of inhalation anesthetics on swimming activity of artemia salina.

The swimming movement of artemia salina in the artificial sea water was measured by using the video camera system in the absence and presence of anesthetics, i.e. enflurane, halothane, and isoflurane. The movement of artemia looked random at a glance but the obtained distribution curve for the swimming speed was skewed toward the high speed side somewhat resembling a Maxwellian distribution curve seen in the statistics of ideal gases. When anesthetic were added, the distribution curve became sharpened and shifted to the low speed side, which is similar to a behavior of ideal gases when they are cooled down. The mean swimming-speed was decreased eventually leading to an irreversible death with increasing the anesthetic dose. The activity was analyzed by using the hydrodynamic equation. The ED(50), which is a dose that causes a 50% reduction in the activity, of all anesthetics used in this study was quite similar to the MAC values for human. It was also suggested that an interaction between anesthetics and artemia was highly cooperative since the larger Hill coefficients were obtained for all three anesthetics used.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Diffusion of alcohol upon application of neuroadenolysis of the pituitary gland (NALP). An experimental study using HRP and WGA-HRP in the cat.

Diffusion of alcohol in neuroadenolysis of pituitary gland (NALP) was observed by injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or wheat germ agglutinin-HRP conjugates (WGA-HRP) into the pituitary of the cat. After small-amount injection of WGA-HRP into the pituitary, WGA-HRP labeling was observed markedly around the third ventricle and the ventral part of the hypothalamus. While, in large-amount injection of WGA-HRP, it extended to all of the ventricular systems and dipped into the substances of the brain and spinal cord through the ependyma. These results suggest that the main site of action for alcohol injected into the pituitary is probably the hypothalamus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Radiology of trigeminal neuralgia--with special reference to CT findings].

CT findings in ninety-nine patients with trigeminal neuralgia were reviewed. Brain tumors including three trigeminal neurinomas, three meningiomas, one epidermoid, one acoustic neurinoma, were found in eight cases as a cause of symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia. Among seventy-nine patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, four cases had vascular decompression surgery because of the tortuous, ectatic or anomalous vertebrobasilar artery. Among the other seventy-five non-surgical cases, seventeen cases showed the tortuous and/or ectatic vertebrobasilar artery on CT, and this group of patients showed slightly higher recurrence rate of trigeminal neuralgia after nerve block or medication compared with other non-surgical patients. CT is thought to be a useful screening imaging modality for evaluation of patients with trigeminal neuralgia, and angiography is required for precise evaluation of the compressing vessels when surgical treatment is contemplated.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[An experimental study of sensory innervation of the ureter in the dog using wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates].

The sensory innervations of the ureter in the dog were studied using the anterograde and retrograde axonal transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates (WGA-HRP). Following upper ureteral injections, labeled cells were observed in the ipsilateral T7-L3 spinal ganglia to the injection site, with the greatest concentration at the T12-L2 levels. And labeled cells were seen in the contralateral T7--L3 spinal ganglia to the injection site with the greatest concentration at the T10 and L3 ganglia. Lower ureter injections resulted in the labeling of ipsilateral T11-Co1 and contralateral T9-Co1 spinal ganglia, with highest concentration at the ipsilateral L3 and S2 levels. Following thoracic and lumbar spinal ganglia T12, L1-L3 injections labeled fibers bundles were observed in the adventitia of the upper and lower ureter. Some labeled fibers were bifurcated from these bundles and passed through the two layers of the smooth muscles. In tunica submucosa and tunica propria mucosae, many labeled fibers were observed. A few labeled fibers were seen in the epithelium. After injections into the sacral and coccygeal spinal ganglia S1-Co1, labeled fibers were not observed in the upper ureter. Course and distribution of labeled fibers in the lower ureter were similar to those of the case in which injection was done into the thoracic and lumbar spinal ganglia.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Nerve conduction study of human tetrodotoxication.

We carried out serial nerve conduction studies in a patient with tetrodotoxication caused by ingesting pufferfish. Conduction velocities and amplitudes of muscle and sensory nerve action potentials were equally affected. Neither temporal dispersion nor focal conduction block occurred. The proximal (F wave) motor latencies were also prolonged. These abnormalities rapidly improved in parallel with clinical recovery and with the decrease in the urinary excretion of tetrodotoxin (TTX). These results indicate that TTX equally and reversibly affects myelinated nerve fibers throughout the entire length of the axon by lowering the conductance of sodium currents at nodes of Ranvier.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1981

Localization of efferent neurons innervating the pharyngeal constrictor muscles and the cervical esophagus muscle in the cat by means of the horseradish peroxidase method.

Following horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injection into the cephalopharyngeal muscle (CeP), the hyopharyngeal muscle (HP), the thyropharyngeal muscle (TP), the cricopharyngeal muscle (CP) and the cervical esophagus muscle (CE) of the cat, labeled neurons were identified in the nucleus retrofacialis and the rostral part of the nucleus ambiguus ipsilaterally. The rostral end of the labeled cell column was located more rostrally for CeP and HP than for TP, CP and CE. No difference was noted within the former two or within the latter three. The level of the caudal end of the labeled cell column became more caudal in the order of CeP, HP, TP and CP. The caudal end was located more rostral for CE than for TP. The neurons for CE were located more ventro-laterally than those for the other muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Changes of the cell bodies in the facial nucleus after facial nerve block.

Facial nerve blocks were produced in four monkeys by insertion of a needle into the facial nerve trunk. The sequential changes of nerve cells in the facial nucleus were investigated 4 days, and 2 and 7 months later. Although the facial paralysis recovered in 2 months, considerable changes of cell bodies in the facial nucleus were still obvious which recovered completely only after 7 months. It is postulated that an optimum discharge is generated by those nerve cells in the facial nucleus during the recovery period which in clinical practice could result in 6 months of clinical remission from facial spasm.

Animals↗