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Biomedical subjects

T Ueda

Publications and source records attributed to T Ueda.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Successful treatment of a 74-year-old man with refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB in T) by low-dose Ara-C injection].

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal hematopoietic disorders characterized by normal or hypercellular but dysfunctional bone marrow. They usually are refractory to empirical therapeutic regimens. Recently the prevalence of MDS in the elderly is increasing and now the syndromes are relatively commonly encountered in elderly patients. Two major causes of death in MDS are progression to acute leukemia (especially in subtypes of RAEB and RAEB in T), and bone marrow aplasia. Since cytoreductive therapy for RAEB or RAEB in T in the elderly is often accompanied by serious adverse complications, such as infection and hemorrhage, special care is necessary. Here we describe successful induction remission in a 74-year-old man with MDS (RAEB in T) by twice daily low-dose cytosine arabinoside injections (10 mg/m2, s.c.), which was well-tolerated, free of serious adverse effects, and seemed to be a useful therapeutic option for elderly patient with RAEB or RAEB in T.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Visible light-sensitized oxidation of arachidonic acid in the presence of inperatorin.

To understand the mechanism of the phototoxic effects of inperatorin, a psoralen derivative used as a pigmentation agent, we have investigated the photosensitized oxidation of arachidonic acid (ARA) by irradiation with visible light (> 400 nm) in the presence of inperatorin. HPLC and GC/MS analyses of the products showed the formation of many hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs) including the products of lipoxygenase-catalyzed reactions such as 5- and 15-HPETEs, which are the precursors of chemical mediators such as leukotrienes and lipoxins, during the reaction. Active oxygen scavening agents such as D-mannitol, superoxide dismutase, and beta-carotene inhibited the formation of the oxidation products, indicating that the oxidation reaction was mediated by various active oxygen species. These results suggest that the phototoxic effects of inperatorin could also be induced by visible light and could be explained at least partially in terms of inflammation initiated by the biologically active HPETEs arising from photosensitized oxygenation reactions of ARA with the drug.

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMed1995

[Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy prior to nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy in patients with stage T2 prostatic cancer].

Radical prostatectomy is the effective treatment for clinical T2 prostatic cancer. However, clinical T2 stage is often understaged preoperatively. The objective of neoadjuvant therapy is to increase the curability of surgery to understaged patients. The present study was based on patients who had had neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (LH-RH agonist) prior to radical nerve-sparing prostatectomy for T2 prostatic cancer. Sexual function were estimated before and after surgery. Ten patients with a mean age of 64.6 years (range 57-71 years) and biopsy-proven cancer received this treatment modality. No patients had evidence of lymph node metastasis by the pelvic computerized tomography and their bone scan was negative for metastasis. Clinical stage was T2a in 3 patients and T2b in 7. The grade of these tumors as assessed on prostatic biopsy before neoadjuvant endocrine treatment was well differentiated in 3 and moderately differentiated in 7. The duration of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy was 3.6 months (range 2-5 months) in average. Serum levels of prostatic specific antigen (PSA) were examined monthly and prostate volume was measured by transrectal ultrasonography before and after neoadjuvant treatment. Decrease in serum PSA values was observed from an average level of 8.6 ng/ml (range 3.1-17.5 ng/ml) determined prior to neoadjuvant treatment to an average of 1.1 ng/ml (range 0.6-3.3 ng/ml) determined after neoadjuvant treatment. An average reduction of prostatic volume was 25.3% (range 7.4-56.7%) after neoadjuvant therapy. Pathological effects of the neoadjuvant therapy by the criteria proposed by Japanese Urological Association were Grade (G) 0a in 3 patients, G0b in 4, G1 in 2 and G2 in 1. Of patients who had 10 stage T2 cancer before treatment, 4 had pT2 and 6 pT3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical study of renal cell carcinoma with brain metastasis].

Of 130 cases with renal cell carcinoma treated at Cancer Institute Hospital from January, 1981 to December, 1992, 14 (10.6%) developed brain metastasis, 12 of whom had had preceding pulmonary metastasis. Interval between the initial treatment of the primary lesion (nephrectomy in 13, embolization in 1) and the diagnosis of brain metastasis ranged 0 to 57 months with a median of 11 months. Twelve patients had clinical symptoms such as headache, vomiting, paralysis or disturbance of consciousness. Eleven patients were treated with external beam irradiation (30-60 Gy linear accelerator). Only 3 (30%) of 10 patients with measurable lesion on CT scan achieved PR but 6 (66.7%) of 9 had symptomatic improvement. Especially, chronic intracranial hypertension such as headache and vomiting disappeared in 5 (83.3%) of 6. Average survival period and one year survival after the diagnosis of brain metastasis were 5 months and 14.3%. Although most of the patients with brain metastasis died of the progression of other organ metastasis, radiation therapy for brain metastasis was useful to palliate the agonizing symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Renal cell carcinoma in a patient with malignant lymphoma: a case report].

This is a case report of a 51-year-old male in the late stage of malignant lymphoma who presented with pathological fracture renal cell carcinoma secondary to metastatic. He underwent right nephrectomy followed by immunotherapy consisting of interferon alpha and some cytokines. According to his condition and extension of the disease, OK-432, interleukin-2 and interferon gamma were combined. He was also given irradiation to the bone metastases. He died of progressive disease 8 years and 6 months after the initiation of interferon alpha therapy. The autopsy revealed evidence of pancreatic involvement with renal cell carcinoma and malignant lymphoma as well. Malignant lymphoma also infiltrated into the mesentery and left femur. We reviewed other reports regarding multiple malignant tumors associated with renal cell carcinoma and discussed the occurrence of malignant lymphoma in renal cell carcinoma patients.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1995

Combination chemotherapy with intra-arterial cisplatin and doxorubicin plus intravenous methotrexate and vincristine for locally advanced bladder cancer. Kyushu University Urological and Radiological Oncology Group.

PURPOSE: We evaluate the usefulness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The usefulness of neoadjuvant, modified methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin chemotherapy was evaluated in 36 patients with locally advanced bladder cancer. RESULTS: Of 36 patients 12 achieved a clinical complete response and 17 had a partial response. Of the 12 patients who achieved a clinical complete response the bladder was preserved in 11 and all patients were disease-free at a median of 33 months. No significant toxicity was observed. CONCLUSIONS: This chemotherapy is useful for locally advanced bladder cancer and the feasibility of bladder preservation in patients with a clinical complete response was suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Antitumor effects of liposome-entrapped carboplatin (Lipo-CBDCA) after intraperitoneal administration in rats bearing carcinomatous peritonitis].

We examined the distribution of Lipo-CBDCA after intraperitoneal administration and antitumor effects in rats. The serum levels of platinum in Lipo-CBDCA were lower than in free-CBDCA intraperitoneal or intravenous administration at 15 and 30 min. after administration. After 3 hours, Lipo-CBDCA showed higher levels of serum platinum than free-CBDCA. These data showed the slow release of Lipo-CBDCA. The antitumor effects of Lipo-CBDCA were studied in rats with peritoneal dissemination due to AH 130 tumors. Intraperitoneal treatment with Lipo-CBDCA prolonged the life span significantly compared with Lipo-CBDCA. No side effects of chemotherapy were found in the liver, kidney, spleen or small intestine. A gastric cancer patient suffering from carcinomatous peritonitis with remarkable ascites was treated with Lipo-CBDCA intraperitoneally. After several injections of Lipo-CBDCA, the ascites disappeared completely and the CEA level of ascites decreased dramatically. These results indicate that intraperitoneal chemotherapy with Lipo-CBDCA may be more effective than free-CBDCA to manage carcinomatous peritonitis, and may be therapeutically useful without toxic side effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of advanced gastric cancer treated effectively with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy using l-leucovorin and 5-FU].

A 59-year old man was diagnosed as having advanced gastric cancer, liver metastasis and lymph node metastases after a closed medical examination. Because Schnitzler metastasis was also suspected, chemotherapy was started pre-operatively. The schedule of administration was as follows. One course was l-LV 250 mg/m2 and 5-FU 600 mg/m2 injected intravenously every week and continued for 6 weeks. The UGI examination showed partial response in stomach cancer, and liver metastasis disappeared on CT-scan after 2 courses. We performed total gastrectomy, lymphadenectomy, splenectomy and partial resection of liver. Histological effects showed Grade 1a on main tumor, Grade 2 on liver metastasis, and No. 3 lymphnode metastasis. The survival time was 476 days.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Central ocular hypotensive effect of noradrenaline].

We investigated the effects of topical and central administration of noradrenaline (NA) on the intraocular pressure (IOP) in pigmented rabbits. Unilateral instillation of NA (200 micrograms) produced no significant change in IOP. On the other hand, intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of NA (0.01-1 micrograms) decreased IOP in both eyes in a dose-related fashion. The ocular hypotensive effect of NA was diminished by sympathectomy of the superior cervical sympathetic nerve or by ICV pretreatment with yohimbine hydrochloride 1-10 micrograms). These results suggest that the hypotensive effects of contrally administered NA might be mediated by alpha 2-adrenoceptor stimulation in the central nervous system.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1995

[A survey of utilization of urinary alarm systems in nursing homes].

A questionnaire survey was performed on 63 nursing homes and 1006 care workers in the nursing home, in order to elucidate the actual state of utilization of urinary alarm systems (systems). About 3% of the nursing homes in all of Japan are utilizing the system with 12.5% of all institutionalized elderly having a diaper sensor of those nursing homes with the system, 86% use the system continually. In 51% of the nursing homes, care workers change diapers immediately after sensor alarm is triggered. The reasons for not being able to change the diaper immediately were either care workers had other pressing work, or simultaneous or overlapping sensor alarm calls occurred. The usefulness of the system was recognized for "prevention of decubitus" (66%), "prevention of contact dermatitis from diapers" (82%), "decrease of ammonia smell" (27%), and "discontinuation of diaper" (26%). As for problems associated with the system or factors that increase work load, responses included "sensor does not respond sometimes" (67%), "increased diaper changes" (53%), "increased nurse calls due to urinary urgency" (41%), and "disconnection of the sensor by the patient" (34%). The percentage of care workers who reported an increase in work load was 73%, especially where the ratio of care workers number/institutionalized elderly was low.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Diagnosis of chronic liver disease from liver scintiscans by fuzzy reasoning.

UNLABELLED: We investigated the possibility that fuzzy reasoning might be used to standardize diagnosis of liver disease based on scintigraphic results and compared the results with those obtained when scintiscans were scored conventionally. METHODS: Seventy-five patients with chronic liver disease (11 patients had chronic persistent hepatitis, 26 had chronic aggressive hepatitis and 38 had cirrhosis) and 25 controls were studied. Another 75 patients with hepatitis or cirrhosis were examined to test the effectiveness of the membership functions. Liver scintiscans were taken 20 min after the intravenous injection of 111 MBq of 99mTc-phytate. Fuzzy reasoning was used to evaluate the following five items: the ratio of the sizes of the left and right lobes, splenomegaly, radioactivity in the bone marrow, deformity of the liver and distribution of radioactivity in the liver. The degree of conformity to each of the three liver diseases being investigated was substituted into the membership function for the conclusion. The center of gravity for each patient's results was calculated. Conventional scoring was made with three levels for each of the five items examined by fuzzy reasoning. RESULTS: Distinctions between chronic persistent hepatitis and chronic aggressive hepatitis were difficult to assess with fuzzy reasoning and conventional scoring. The diagnostic accuracy was 95% for patients with cirrhosis and 88% for patients with chronic hepatitis with fuzzy reasoning. With conventional scoring the accuracy was 86% for patients with cirrhosis and 75% for patients with chronic hepatitis. When fuzzy reasoning was used to examine the other 75 patients with chronic liver diseases, the accuracy was 93% for patients with cirrhosis and 86% for patients with chronic hepatitis. CONCLUSION: The method is simple and can be used routinely in clinical settings.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Effect of copper and copper binding protein on the CT attenuation value of liver: experimental study in rats].

We analyzed the effect of copper and copper binding protein on CT attenuation value in a rat model. CT attenuation values of the liver were compared with hepatic copper content and grade of orcein-positive granules, which are thought to be a counterpart of polymerized methalothionein in lysosomes. The difference between hepatic copper and CT attenuation value was not statistically significant (R = 0.056, p = 0.96). CT value had a positive correlation with the grade of orcein-positive granules (Rho = 0.755, p = 0.0001). We concluded that the CT attenuation value of liver can be elevated by rich polymerized methalothionein (copper binding protein) in lysosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Application of microdialysis for pharmacokinetic study in rabbit anterior chamber].

We evaluated a microdialysis technique for analyzing the pharmacokinetics of instilled or orally administered ofloxacin in the anterior chamber of pigmented rabbits. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the anterior chamber and was perfused (2 microliters/min) with Ringer solution using a microinjection pump. Two hours later, 20 microliters of 0.15 and 0.3% ofloxacin was instilled into an eye, or 20 mg/kg of the drug was administered into the stomach through an intubated catheter. Dialysate was then collected every 15 or 20 min for 6 (instillation) or 8 (oral administration) hours. Ofloxacin concentration in dialysates was determined with a HPLC-spectrofluorometry system. Ofloxacin levels in dialysates increased after the instillation in a dose-related manner, reached a maximum at 30 and 45 min, and then decreased gradually with t1/2 of 136 and 114 min after the 0.15% and 0.3% instillation, respectively. After oral administration, ofloxacin levels in dialysates reached a maximum at 120 min and decreased with t1/2 of 175 min. These data suggest the usefulness of microdialysis for pharmacokinetic studies in the anterior chamber, since continuous and stable data can be obtained from each animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Clinical usefulness of evaluation of portal circulation by per rectal portal scintigraphy with technetium-99m pertechnetate.

OBJECTIVE: Portal circulation, in particular the contribution of the inferior mesenteric vein, can be evaluated in a relatively noninvasive way by per rectal portal scintigraphy (J Nucl Med 1988; 29:460-5). The clinical usefulness of the method was evaluated. METHODS: A solution containing technitium-99m pertechnetate was instilled into the rectum, and serial scintigrams were taken while radioactivity curves for the liver and heart were recorded sequentially. By analyses of the curves, the per rectal portal shunt index (SI) was calculated. RESULTS: The SI was higher for disorders that were more severe, increasing in the order of chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic aggressive hepatitis, and cirrhosis, and the SI was higher in cirrhotic patients than in patients with chronic hepatitis or in healthy subjects. The SI was significantly higher when a complication (varices, ascites, or encephalopathy) was present. Correlation between the SI and classic indicators for functional reserve was significant. The SI was significantly related to survival according to results of regression analysis by Cox's proportional hazards model. On the basis of the SI when patients were first examined, the patients with cirrhosis were divided into three groups of roughly equal size: group A, SI under 30%; group B, SI between 30 and 70%; and group C, SI over 70%. The survival rate was lower in group B than in A, lower in group C than in A, and lower in group C than in B. CONCLUSIONS: This method is clinically useful, especially in establishing the prognosis.

Humans↗