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T Umehara

Publications and source records attributed to T Umehara.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Rapidly destructive coxarthrosis--a report of a patient with "strip-mining" and "interior crumbling" of bone architecture.

The pathomechanism of rapidly destructive coxarthrosis has not been clarified. Interesting findings were obtained in specimen from a 64-year-old male patient, i.e., the break-down (crumbling) of the internal structure of osteonal bone and superficial strip-mining of the femoral head. The detritic fragments and hydroxyapatite crystals were mainly deposited in the pocket of the joint capsule and some of them were embedded beneath the synovial membrane. We conjecture that apatite-associated destructive arthritis and/or detritic synovitis might accelerate the progression of rapidly destructive coxarthrosis.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1988

A nuclear binding assay for measurement of biologically active androgen receptors in animal tissues and human prostate cancer.

A nuclear binding (NB) assay has been developed for the measurement in intact viable cells of biologically active (functional) estrogen and progesterone receptors, i.e. those capable of binding to nuclear acceptor sites [Spelsberg et al., Endocrinology 121: 631 (1987)]. This paper describes the application of this assay to analyses of androgen receptors in the guinea pig seminal vesicle and in human prostatic carcinoma. Cells from fresh animal seminal vesicles or human prostate carcinoma are isolated using collagenase and are incubated with [3H]R1881 for 1 h at 22 degrees C, after which nuclei are isolated at 4 degrees C and assayed for DNA and radioactivity. This NB assay demonstrates a saturable, temperature dependent, steroid and tissue specific nuclear binding of [3H]R1881 for the guinea pig-seminal vesicle system. The nuclear binding is of high affinity and low capacity. The NB assay reveals several important aspects of the androgen and estrogen receptors in target tissues: (1) the nuclear acceptor sites for androgen receptor (AR) are steroid receptor specific; (2) there are different concentrations of the androgen and estrogen receptors between the epithelium and the fibromuscular components of the guinea pig seminal vesicle; and finally (3) some biopsies of human prostate cancer appear to contain biologically inactive AR. This assay may be useful in the analyses of functional receptors in biopsies of human cancer cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical study of tumor markers in prostatic carcinoma--an investigation on the simultaneous measurement of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), prostatic antigen (PA) and gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm)].

Measurements of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), prostatic antigen (PA) and gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) have been found to be clinically useful in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma, but, the usefulness of simultaneous measurement has not yet been elucidated. We determined the clinical significance of simultaneous measurement of these markers, especially, the additional measurement of PA or gamma-Sm to PAP in prostatic carcinoma. Each measurement of PAP, PA and gamma-Sm yielded a very low "false" positive rate (0-6.5%) in patients with non-prostatic urogenital disease or benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), which was consistent with the results reported so far by other researchers. Eighteen patients with newly diagnosed prostatic carcinoma of a low stage showed a positive rate of PAP in 16.7%, PA in 33.3% and gamma-Sm in 38.9%. Forty patients having a high stage had a positive rate of 67.5% for each of the markers. In patients with BPH, the positive rate was elevated in only 2.6, 5.2 or 3.9% by the additional measurement of PA or gamma-Sm to PAP, or that of gamma-Sm to PA, respectively. This implied that the additional measurement of other markers to PAP or PA produced only a low elevation of the "false" positive rate. The positive rate in patients with prostatic carcinoma of low stage was increased by the additional measurement of PA or gamma-Sm to PAP or that of gamma-Sm to PA. This suggests that in patients with low stage carcinoma, assay with these combinations would be clinically useful to monitor the patient's clinical course.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

A nuclear binding assay to assess the biological activity of steroid receptors in isolated animal and human tissues.

This paper describes a nuclear binding assay (NB assay) which measures not only the presence of a steroid receptor in a tissue, but also the quantity of that receptor which is biologically active or functional, i.e. able to bind to nuclear acceptor sites. The assay involves the isolation viable cells from tissues and their incubation with an excess of radiolabeled steroid to encourage the activation and nuclear binding of all cellular receptors. The nuclei are isolated under conditions that remove unactivated (unbound) steroid-receptor complexes. This NB assay demonstrates, in both animal and human steroid target tissues, a saturable, tissue- and steroid-specific, and temperature- and time-dependent nuclear binding of radiolabeled steroids. These properties support a receptor-dependent nuclear binding of steroids. This assay is reproducible and requires relatively small amounts of tissue. The patterns of nuclear binding of the progesterone receptor, achieved with the assay in the avian oviduct model system, are shown to correlate with the nuclear binding of progesterone in vivo, the ability of the steroid to alter transcription, and the expression of a specific gene product, the protein avidin. The assay has been used to identify the existence of nonfunctional steroid receptors in endometrial and breast carcinomas. Therefore, this NB assay combined with the standard charcoal/hydroxylapatite methods of quantitating total cellular receptors should provide a means of assessing changes in the regulation of the biological activity of steroid receptors. Further, the assay should be useful to assess the ability of steroid analogs to properly activate their respective receptors for subsequent nuclear binding.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[The clinical significance of serum tissue polypeptide antigen as a tumor marker for urogenital carcinomas--a comparison with other tumor markers in patients with renal cell carcinoma and prostatic carcinoma].

Serum tissue polypeptide antigen (s-TPA) levels were determined in 124 patients having urogenital carcinomas, 74 with benign urological diseases and 55 normal subjects. We analyzed these results and determined the clinical significance of s-TPA as a tumor marker for urogenital carcinomas. S-TPA levels in the 55 normal subjects was 80 +/- 17 U/L (mean +/- S.D.). Since more than 95% of them showed an s-TPA level of below 110 U/L, this level was used as the cut-off value. The s-TPA level was 125 +/- 75 U/L for the 42 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy, 138 +/- 60 U/L for the 15 patients with acute urinary tract infections (UTI) and 80 +/- 20 U/L in the 17 patients having other benign urological diseases. An elevated s-TPA level was clearly demonstrated in the case of acute UTI, which displayed a false positive result. The s-TPA level was 207 +/- 246 U/L for the 21 patients with bladder carcinoma, 197 +/- 52 U/L for the 5 patients with renal pelvic or ureteral carcinoma, 187 +/- 156 U/L for the 22 patients with renal cell carcinoma, 167 +/- 183 U/L for the 46 patients with prostatic carcinoma, and 95 +/- 28 U/L for the 8 patients with testicular carcinoma. In the 8 patients having bladder carcinoma, the elevation of s-TPA level seemed to be caused by the concomitant presence of acute UTI. The positive rate of s-TPA in various urogenital carcinomas was 100% for renal pelvic or ureteral carcinoma, 68% for renal cell carcinoma, 59% for bladder carcinoma, 52% for prostatic carcinoma and 13% for testicular carcinoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Immunologic aspects of otitis media with effusion.

In order to understand the mechanism involved in otitis media with effusion (OME), we have studied middle ear effusions (MEE) immunochemically, and experimental otitis media in guinea pigs and chinchillas. The results indicated: (1) that serous MEE are a mixture of normal middle ear secretions and transudates from serum, while mucoid MEE are the results of enhanced epithelial secretory activity and the transudates; (2) that mucosal immunity acts in middle ears affected by OME; and (3) that the middle ear is an organ capable of responding immunologically to antigenic substances. However, the normal, and developing, middle ear has a poorly developed mucosal immune system. It can be said that the middle ear is a potential site of immunological activity during infection. The poorly developed immune system is thought to be one of the factors in the infection proneness of the middle ear that leads to OME. Results of IgE study of MEE failed to support the concept that allergy is a major causative factor of OME.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of familial occurrence of Behçet's disease with and without ocular lesions.

PURPOSE: To examine retrospectively the features of Behçet's disease patients with familial occurrence and make a comparison between familial Behçet's patients with ocular lesions and those without ocular lesions. METHODS: We sent questionnaires about Behçet's disease patients with familial occurrence to 114 hospitals that reported treating such patients in previous nationwide hospital surveys, and to 341 hospitals selected at random in Japan. RESULTS: We obtained reports on 83 Behçet's patients with familial occurrence. The positive rate of HLA-B51 was 53.1%. The positive rate of HLA-B51 among patients with ocular lesions was 64.0%, that in patients without ocular lesions was 14.3%, and that in patients with genital ulcers was 40.9%. The mean birth year and onset year of the patients with ocular symptoms was significantly lower than that of the patients without ocular symptoms. Although there was no significant difference between these two groups, parent-child involvement was more common among the patients without ocular lesions than in those with ocular lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that the number of familial Behçet's disease patients with ocular lesions and high HLA-B51 positivity has been decreasing recently. To elucidate the etiology of familial occurrence, larger scale epidemiological studies and further molecular studies of Behçet's disease are needed.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laryngeal secretions. An immunochemical and immunohistological study.

This study was designed to investigate properties of laryngeal secretion and secretory activity of IgA in the larynx. Laryngeal secretions were collected by adsorption method on filter paper during laryngomicrosurgery from 20 patients having an inflammatory lesion in the larynx. Contents of IgG, IgA, IgE, secretory component (SC), and lactoferrin in the laryngeal secretions were determined and compared with results of those in nasal secretions, tracheobronchial washings, and serum samples obtained from the same subjects. The laryngeal mucosae of 8 laryngectomized materials for cancer lesion were subjected to immunofluorescence studies including the cytoplasmic SC affinity test. Results of this study indicate that laryngeal secretions are characterized by exocrine secretion, resembling nasal and tracheobronchial secretions in the electrophoretic pattern and immunoglobulins content. The immunofluorescence studies and SC affinity test found that the larynx possesses secretory activity of IgA, particularly in the ventricle and subglottis.

Adult↗