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Biomedical subjects

T V Avaliani

Publications and source records attributed to T V Avaliani.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[The influence of the rat maternal environment on the behavior of offspring].

In Wistar's rats, the postnatal influence of maternal behaviour on the motor and emotional state and the anxiety level of the posterity born from the intact rat-mothers-ambidexter but reared by the intact mothers-ambidexter with the motor deficit, were investigated. From the first day of life, the rat-mothers with the removed part of the sense-motor cortex (right or left) nursed and reared the litter. It was discovered that the reduction of motor activity and increase of negative emotional responses occurred in experimental litter at the age of 1 month as compared with the control group (intact litter reared by the ersatz healthy rat-mothers). In the test of elevated cruciform maze, a high level of anxiety was discovered. The experimental posterity showed an emotional tension as the dominant state. Left-side lesion of the sense-motor cortex of the ersatz mother resulted in a rougher disorder in the emotional state and movement than after right-side lesion.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Lateralisation of the brain injury in female Wistar rats determines the immune and neurological status in offspring].

The T-cell immune deficiency was found to be more obvious in offspring of rats with a right-side brain injury. The EMG pattern changed in accordance with the brain injury lateralisation in the muscles responsible for posture asymmetry. The offspring EMG disorders were more obvious in cases of a right-side brain injury in mothers. The right-side brain injury in mothers led to a higher negative emotionality and a diminished tentative-research behaviour in "open-field" tests in 30-day old offspring.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Detection of movement disorders in newborn infants by using infants' blood serum in experimental models].

A method of early diagnosis of motor disorders of the central genesis in neonates within the first to the third days of life was elaborated in experimental models for estimating the status of the motor apparatus. The experiments were made on spinal (Th3-Th5) albino noninbred rats used as recipients, in which spontaneous and electric stimulation-induced EMG activity of the antagonists muscles of the hind limbs was recorded before and after intralumbar administration of donors' blood serum. The presence of motor pathology in a donor child is judged from the changes in the EMG parameters after administration of blood serum. The method enables revealing motor disorders in neonates even in cases where the clinical examination does not provide any conclusive answer.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Afferent determination of transfer factor formation in the rat spinal cord].

The mechanisms causing the appearance of transfer factor (TF) in the cerebrospinal tissue of rats were studied. Intracerebral TF injections to intact recipients were found to change asymmetrically the reflectory muscular responses. TF could be found in the extract of the rat spinal cord in rats with cut off n. tibialis sin. or with alcohol-novocaine blockade of posterior left tibial muscles, i.e., the reaction of the cerebral cells to the break in axon integrity is not responsible for TF formation. The appearance of TF in the cerebrospinal tissue less than two hours after alcohol-novocaine muscular blockade does not suggest that the axon integrity is the cause initiating TF formation. It is assumed that the deafferentation determines TF appearance in the cerebrospinal tissue.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1985

[Interaction of the motor centers in posture-evoked asymmetry].

The EMG of hindlimb muscles was studied in spinal cats in resting and in evoked responses prior to and after modelling posture asymmetry with brain extracts obtained from donor rats whose cortical and cerebellar motor areas were partially lesioned. After the extract administration, slow and diverse changes occurred in the EMG amplitude whereas a constant level of activity was only maintained for limited periods (4-10 min). The most frequent patterns of interaction among hindlimb muscles were revealed and the character of evoked responses was shown to depend on the initial spontaneous pattern. The different EMG patterns in spinal animals seem to be due to a "mosaic" effects of interneurons, the posture of asymmetry being related to disturbance of interaction among the interneurons.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lateralization of brain trauma in female Wistar rats determines the immune and neurological status of offspring.

Unilateral trauma to the sensorimotor cortex in ambidextrous maternal female rats decreased the resistance of their offspring, as indicated by a reduction in the functional activity of natural killer cells. Offspring rats showed T-cell immunodeficiency regardless of the lateralization of the trauma in their mothers; this was more severe after right-sided trauma (both mature and immature T-lymphocytes were affected). The EMG pattern of evoked responses in offspring rats changed according to the lesions evoked by unilateral trauma in their mothers (in the muscles responsible for postural asymmetry). Cruder movement disturbances were also seen in offspring after right-sided trauma in mothers. Right-sided organic damage to the sensorimotor cortex in mothers evoked marked increases in negative emotionality and decreases in the motivation of orientational-investigative behavior in one-month-old offspring rats in the "open field" test.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Unilateral injury of sensorimotor cortex of the dominant or subdominant hemispheres of rats-mothers and emotional behavior of their offsprings in the "open field"].

Neurohumoral disorders in mothers caused by brain injury, infection, hypoxia, and other pathological factors result in motor and psychoemotional disorders in children. Emotional behavior of 30-day-old offsprings of female rats with unilateral sensorimotor brain injury was studied in the "open field". Individual behavior was estimated (the probability of certain acts and significant transfers between them). Behavioral disorders in rat offsprings depended on the side (left of right) of mother's brain injury and "handedness". The right-side mother's injury turned to be more deleterious. Behavioral alterations were stronger in offsprings of ambidextral and left-handed females than in those born by right-handed males with the same sensorimotor injury.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A neuromorphological analysis of the motor area of the cerebral cortex in rat pups subjected to prenatal exposure to normal and pathological blood serum].

Morphological quantitative and qualitative analysis of the pyramidal neurones in the motor cortex of rat puppies after administration of the blood serum from human donors with central motor disorders reveals the dependence of the quality and quantity of neurones from the effect of corresponding blood sera. Pathologic blood serum decreases the number and induces degradation of dendritic organization of the pyramidal neurones. The effect of the blood sera on quantitative and qualitative properties of the pyramidal neurones in rat puppies depends on the age of donor infants with central motor disorders. Blood serum from newborn babies with motor dysfunctions significantly decreases the number of labeled pyramidal neurones and results in degradation of dendritic organization, whereas sera from 11-13-year infants only insignificantly affect these characteristics.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of amniotic fluid taken from women in labor on the morphofunctional development of fetal and newborn rats].

Amniotic fluid from women was injected intra-amniotically to rats at the 14th day of pregnancy in a dose 0.3 ml. Morphological and functional parameters of embryonic development of rats and EMG activity of rat puppies at the age of 30-34 days differed from control ones with respect to the degree of maturity and motor disturbances of newborn babies. The data obtained reveal not only evident but also masked forms of motor pathology which was observed in children later, namely to 6-9 months. Chronic motor pathology in rat puppies was unilateral with central motor disturbances in babies being directly related to the degree of these disturbances.

Amnion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The phenomenon of the replication of ontogenetic immaturity in adult cats caused by the cerebrospinal fluid of kittens].

Studies have been made on the electrical activity of muscles in the hindlimbs in kittens and adult cats before and after injection the liquor from 10-, 21-day and 1-month kittens into the lumbar part of the spinal cord. Analysis was made of the EMG at rest and that of the evoked reactions. It was shown that EMG of adult cats after injection of kitten liquor attained the pattern typical of the donor. The data obtained indicate the presence in kitten liquor of biologically active substances which account for the level of regulatory relationships. Transfer of these substances to adult animals results in the formation of a new level of coordinations of movements which corresponds to immature organism.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prediction of potential motor disorders in babies from neonatal serum biological test findings].

To predict motor activity in the newborn, electromyographic (on rats) and ultrastructural (on chick embryos) studies were performed after administration of donor babies' sera taken in the first days of life. Morphological and electromyographic parameters were compared with late clinical symptoms. A rating schedule was developed with regards to biological test results, which allows motor disorders to be detected in the newborn.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The embryotoxic effect in rats exposed to the blood serum of newborn infants tested for the presence of transfer factors].

Pregnant rats (day 14 of gestation) received intraamniotic injections of newborn human serum. Transfer factors (TF) present in injected serum produced significant embryotoxic and teratogenic effects, as well as changes in coordination of motor activity (EMG) in newborn rats. The extent of embryological disturbances and the motor activity of 33- to 34-day old recipient rats depend on TF concentration (at serum dilution 1:2) and on the state of infant's motor functions ("normal" group and "risk" group). The results obtained allow to objectively determine the pathogenic effect of serum TF on embryotoxicity and formation of motor coordination in the donor infant.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗