PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Vázquez

Publications and source records attributed to T Vázquez.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

A rare case of a four-headed biceps brachii muscle with a double piercing by the musculocutaneous nerve.

A rare case of a four-headed biceps brachii muscle associated with a double piercing of one of the supernumerary heads by the musculocutaneous nerve was observed in the right arm of an 87-year-old female cadaver. One of the supernumerary heads of the biceps brachii originated from the humerus, in the area between the lesser tubercle and the coracobrachialis and brachialis muscles and joined the long head at the level where the latter joined the short head. The second supernumerary head originated from the humerus at the point where the coracobrachialis muscle inserted and joined the biceps brachii tendon and its bicipital aponeurosis at the inferior third of the arm. The musculocutaneous nerve originated from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus and, after piercing the coracobrachialis muscle, coursed along one of the supernumerary heads of the biceps brachii muscle before piercing it from deep to superficial and then again from superficial to deep. It then adopted its normal position between the biceps brachii and brachialis muscles before exiting in the lateral aspect of the arm and continuing as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Variations of the arterial pattern in the upper limb revisited: a morphological and statistical study, with a review of the literature.

A total of 192 embalmed cadavers were examined in order to present a detailed study of arterial variations in the upper limb and a meta-analysis of them. The variable terminology previously used was unified into a homogenous and complete classification, with 12 categories covering all the previously reported variant patterns of the arm and forearm.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Median artery revisited.

This study confirms that the median artery may persist in adult life in 2 different patterns, palmar and antebrachial, based on their vascular territory. The palmar type, which represents the embryonic pattern, is large, long and reaches the palm. The antebrachial type,which represents a partial regression of the embryonic artery is slender, short, and terminates before reaching the wrist. These 2 arterial patterns appear with a different incidence. The palmar pattern was studied in the whole sample (120 cadavers) and had an incidence of 20%, being more frequent in females than in males (1.3:1), occurring unilaterally more often than bilaterally (4:1) and slightly more frequently on the right than on the left (1.1:1). The antebrachial pattern was studied in only 79 cadavers and had an incidence of 76%, being more frequent in females than in males (1.6:1); it was commoner unilaterally than bilaterally (1.5:1) and was again slightly more prevalent on the right than on the left (1.2:1). The origin of the median artery was variable in both patterns. The palmar type most frequently arose from the caudal angle between the ulnar artery and its common interosseous trunk (59%). The antebrachial pattern most frequently originated from the anterior interosseous artery (55%). Other origins, for both patterns, were from the ulnar artery or from the common interosseous trunk. The median artery in the antebrachial pattern terminated in the upper third (74%) or in the distal third of the forearm (26%). However, the palmar pattern ended as the 1st, 2nd or 1st and 2nd common digital arteries (65%) or joined the superficial palmar arch (35%). The median artery passed either anterior (67%) or posterior (25%) to the anterior interosseous nerve. It pierced the median nerve in the upper third of the forearm in 41% of cases with the palmar pattern and in none of the antebrachial cases. In 1 case the artery pierced both the anterior interosseous and median nerves.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[A case of cerebral microglioma].

The authors present the first national observation of a microgliosarcoma. The patient, a woman of 57 years old, was admitted with the clinical and paraclinical diagnosis of an intracranial mass occupying lesion. Surgical excision was incomplete, and postoperative radiotherapy was undertaken. Posteriorly, lymphoma classification criteria was used to determine the extension of the process. Due to an abnormal retroperitoneal finding in the lymphangiogram the patient was submitted to a laparotomy following staging procedures and diagnosing tuberculous ganglia without lymphomatous lesions. Considerations are made on the identity of the origin of microglia and the reticuloendothelial system and the different nomenclature used to name this tumor. The necessity of a classification of the extension of lesion according to established norms for lymphomas is stressed and therapeutic procedures are proposed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Central projections of the rat recurrent laryngeal nerve].

Laryngeal nerves contain the fibres that control the laryngeal function. The studies carried out on the rat with the purpose of having a better knowledge of the functional components and the real origin of the fibres conveyed by the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) are few and in disagreement. No one of such papers were developed using biotinylated dextrane amines (BDA), a powerful tool for tracing neural pathways. The aim of our study was to identify in the rat using BDA, the nuclei of real origin of the fibres of the RLN, knowing in this way the functional components of this nerve. The study has been developed in 31 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, applying the BDA into the lesioned RLN. The results obtained in all the animals show that the rat's RLN does not contain afferent fibres, whereas the efferent fibres were originated within the ipsilateral nucleus ambiguus (NA). So, in the rat, the RLN seems to contain exclusively efferent fibres, probably been the superior laryngeal nerve who conveyed the afferent fibres.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Central projections of the rat superior laryngeal nerve].

Laryngeal nerves contain the fibres that control the laryngeal function. On the rat, the studies on the functional components and the real origin of the fibres conveyed by the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) are few. No one of such works were developed using biotinylated dextrane amines (BDA), a powerful tool for tracing neural pathways. The aim of our study was to identify by using BDA, in the rat, the nuclei of real origin of the fibres of the SLN, knowing in this way the functional components of this nerve. The study has been developed in 11 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, applying the BDA into the damaged SLN. The results obtained in all the animals shown that the rat SLN carries efferent fibres originated within the ipsilateral nucleus ambiguous (NA) and dorsal nucleus of the vagus (DNV), and that afferent fibres reach the tractus solitari and the nucleus tractus solitari. So, in the rat, the SLN seems to convey efferent fibres from the NA and DNV and, probably, all the laryngeal afferent fibres.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Explicit and implicit memory during inhalation and intravenous anesthesia].

OBJECTIVE: Patients rarely report memory or knowledge of surgery after general anesthesia. During apparently adequate surgical anesthesia, however, information processing of high level functions, such as language comprehension and learning, can continue unconsciously. Our objective is to assess whether different anesthetic techniques (two inhalational and two intravenous) guarantee the absence of both types of memory. PATIENTS AND METHOD: One hundred patients were randomly assigned to receive the following anesthetic procedures: desflurane/N2O (group 1), isoflurane/N2O (group 2), fentanyl/N2O (group 3) and total intravenous anesthesia (group 4). A cassette with the same music was played in all cases, and an order requiring a nonverbal response was given to 15 randomly chosen patients in each group. Response was evaluated at a visit 24 to 48 hours after surgery. Fifteen patients, therefore, constituted the study group for each anesthetic procedure, and 10 patients formed the control group. We assessed the presence of explicit memory in a structured interview, and implicit memory by way of the relation between the number of times the nonverbal order was obeyed and the time of the interview. RESULTS: Explicit memory was absent in all patients. The presence of implicit memory was confirmed, however, in the isoflurane (p = 0.02) group. Significant differences between the isoflurane group and both the desflurane and total intravenous anesthesia groups (p = 0.03) were found. CONCLUSION: Explicit memory was absent with all four anesthetic techniques used in our study. Implicit memory was more difficult to inhibit, however, with isoflurane/N2O.

Adolescent↗