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Biomedical subjects

T Varga

Publications and source records attributed to T Varga.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Drugged driving in Hungary 2000-2004.

The authors analyzed the biological samples available in criminal cases that were started because of illicit and prescribed drug-impaired driving between 2000 and 2004. The result of the on-the-spot clinical test is not informative and cannot be evaluated as it is mainly affected by the simultaneous presence of alcohol. Licit or illicit drugs in the urine could be detected in 378 people out of 623 people (60.7%), whereas in 59 cases (9.5%) there was some substance present in the blood. The occurrence multiple drugs was high (36.8%). The joint use of alcohol and drugs has increased in the past few years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Prenatal and newborn paternity testing with DNA analysis.

In rape against youthful girls which yields pregnancy after the abortion DNA examinations can be performed from the aborted foetal material to provide evidence of paternity of the suspect. In our present work we demonstrate six cases: four of them are rape cases and two where the mother abandoned her newborn baby. These cases proved that DNA-STR profiles can be determined from foetus after the abortion and perpetrator of a rape can be found. Due to our result we suggest that not only placenta but also bloody vernix caseosa is useful tissue for identifying the putative mother because vernix caseosa can be the carrier of the mother's blood.

Aborted Fetus↗
PubMed2005

Acute and subchronic toxicity studies of cryogenically-frozen, cryomilled, Pelodiscus sinensis (Japanese soft-shelled turtle--suppon) powder administered to the rat.

Sprague-Dawley rats received "cryogenically-frozen suppon" (CFS), a cryomilled product derived for the Japanese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis), widely consumed for its nutritious value and medicinal properties, especially for the maintenance of normal blood pressure and insulin levels, and in women for the treatment of menopausal symptoms. In this acute study, a single limit dose of 2.0 g/kg was given po. common to 10 male and 10 female rats. No adverse effects or mortality were observed during a 14-day period and at gross pathological examination. In the subchronic study, CFS was administered as oral daily doses of 100, 350, and 1000 mg/kg administered for 97 days, resulting in no mortality, no changes in body weight, food and water consumption, hematological and serum chemistry parameters, organ weights, or gross pathology or histopathology. The only treatment related finding was a characteristic excited behavior observed in several male rats from the second or third week of treatment, distributed evenly in all male treatment groups but not affecting all males. The number of excited animals did not change over time, the syndrome occurred in all test item treated male groups with similar incidence. None of the females was so affected.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2000

[Competitive polymerase chain reaction: a new method for measuring N-myc amplification].

The highly variable biological behaviour of neuroblastoma, a neoplasm which belongs to the family of primitive neuroectodermal tumours, is determined by its molecular pathological characteristics. Among them amplification of the N-myc gene is the most important factor in both therapeutic and prognostic points of view. Value of the amplification can be determined by different methods. The latest of them is the competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR), essence of which is the parallel reaction of the target N-myc gene (exon 3.) and the endogen competitor CF gene (exon 3.) in the same reaction solution. The authors applied the method on 11 neuroblastoma cases diagnosed between 1994 and january of 1999. In three cases the amplification was determined also by fluorescens in situ hybridization (FISH). Six of the 11 cases were detected to have more than 10-fold, two of the six about 100-fold N-myc amplification. Results of the PCR and FISH correlated well. The two methods applied by the authors complete each other and are appropriate for determining the gene amplification which gives valuable prognostic and therapeutic information about the examined tumour.

Genes, myc↗
PubMed2000

Protease-elicited TUNEL positivity of non-apoptotic fixed cells.

The appearance of free DNA ends in the chromatin is usually considered an indication of advanced apoptosis. Unexpectedly, the nuclei of non-apoptotic cells derived from mouse thymuses could be specifically labeled by terminal transferase after proteinase K treatment of the fixed, cytocentrifuged samples. Artifactual mechanical or contaminating nucleolytic factors have been ruled out as players in the generation of free DNA ends. The phenomenon was detected in both formaldehyde- and ethanol-fixed specimens, in agarose-embedded fixed cells, and in chromatin spreads. By urea-agarose gel electrophoresis, the average single-strand size of the DNA molecules carrying the free ends was found between 50 and 250 kb. We suggest that ss discontinuities preexisting in the fixed normal cells are unmasked by protease treatment eliciting TUNEL (terminal transferase-mediated nick end-labeling) positivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Single-strand breaks in agarose-embedded chromatin of nonapoptotic cells.

Loop-size chromatin fragmentation frequently observed upon apoptotic cell death is thought to be initiated by ss nicks. Here we show that the agarose-embedded, deproteinized chromatin of normal, non-apoptotic murine and human cells, as well as yeast protoplasts, falls apart to 50-300 kb ss fragments upon heat denaturation, as revealed by urea-TAE field-inversion agarose gel electrophoresis resolving ss and ds fragments alike. These data were in line with S1digestion experiments. The nicks (gaps) observed are best explained either by enzymatic cleavages occurring upon cell lysis instantaneously or by preexisting discontinuities becoming manifest upon heat denaturation. These discontinuities go unnoticed in the usual nondenaturaing circumstances but seem to be inevitably present in any DNA preparation. The loop-size ds DNA fragmentation in apoptosis may be based on these pre-existing or "ready-to-go" (upon cell lysis) ss discontinuities of the normal cellular chromatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Model field study of Sumithion 50 EC and Fusilade S on pheasants.

Toxicological studies on wild animals play an important role in the ecotoxicological examination of pesticides. The applied model tests enable the assessment of toxicological consequences with particular regard to the life and nutrition of wild animals in the ploughed field among plants treated with pesticides. The application of different pesticide formulations on plough-land may pose a simultaneous chemical burden to wild birds. In this model study, manifestations of the interaction between an insecticide and a herbicide were studied in pheasants. The birds were placed on lucerne in cages (48 m2) and sprayed once. The applied doses were: Sumithion 50 EC 1 litre/ha + Fusilade S 6 litres/ha (practical doses) and Sumithion 50 EC 5 litres/ha + Fusilade S 30 litres/ha. The analytically determined pesticide concentration of the lucerne was taken as a basis in the further treatment of fodder. The fodder of pheasants contained the following chemicals: 85 mg/kg Sumithion 50 EC + 510 mg/kg Fusilade S and 425 mg/kg Sumithion 50 EC + 2250 mg/kg Fusilade S. Sporadic deaths observed among the pheasants were of traumatic origin and not due to a toxic effect. The decrease of body weight was significant only at the higher dose levels. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of the blood decreased significantly in both dose groups. On the basis of the results obtained it can be established that at the dose level used in the practice the pesticides studied do not give rise to a toxic interaction in pheasants.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1999

Embryonic toxicity of insecticide Sumithion 50 EC and herbicide Fusilade S in pheasants after individual or combined administration.

The purpose of this work was to determine the individual and combined effects of insecticide Sumithion 50 EC (50% fenitrothion) and herbicide Fusilade S (12.5% fluazifop-P-butyl) on the development of pheasant embryos. Eggs were treated by injection of various concentrations of pesticides into the air space on day 12 of incubation. Pathological examination of embryos was carried out on day 23 of the hatching period. Mortality rate, body weight data and morphological alterations were evaluated after the macroscopic examination. The skeletal staining method was used to detect deformities. The two pesticides used in combination moderated the toxic/teratogenic effects of individual treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility.

The human homologue of the yeast OGG1 gene, hOGG1, has been cloned, and its genetic structure has been determined. Several polymorphisms in the hOGG1 gene were detected in the Japanese populations, and among them, the Ser-Cys polymorphism at codon 326 has been shown to have a functional difference in complementation of mutant Escherichia coli that is defective in the repair of 8-hydroxyguanine. Activity in the repair of 8-hydroxyguanine is greater in hOGG1-Ser326 protein than in hOGG1(326) protein. Because many environmental carcinogens produce 8-hydroxyguanine residue and mismatching to this modified base potentially causes oncogenic mutations, the capacity to repair these lesions can be involved in cancer susceptibility in human beings. We, therefore, examined allele distributions of the Ser326Cys polymorphism in a case-control study of male lung cancer in Okinawa. The analyses based on 241 cases and 197 hospital controls disclosed the following findings. (a) Those with the Cys/Cys genotype were at an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma and nonadenocarcinoma compared to those with the Ser/Cys and those with the Ser/Ser genotypes combined. The odds ratios adjusted for age and smoking history were 3.01 (95% confidence interval, 1.33-6.83) and 2.18 (95% confidence interval, 1.05-4.54), respectively. (b) The odds ratios for other histological subtypes of lung cancer or those in total were not significant. Those for Cys/Cys or Ser/Cys genotype against Ser/Ser did not reach statistical significance in any cell type. (c) The distributions of this polymorphism varied for different populations (Chinese, Japanese, Micronesians, Melanesians, Hungarians, and Australian Caucasians), with much less prevalence of Cys allele in the latter three populations. Although our sample size was limited, these results indicate that the Ser326Cys variant may be related to squamous cell lung cancer susceptibility. The Cys/Cys genotype appears to be more susceptible to squamous cell carcinoma, although the risk is less than that previously reported to be associated with the CYP1A1 gene. Further studies are needed to assess the importance of the interpopulation variation to cancer susceptibility.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Genome instability and chromosomal rearrangements in a heterothallic wine yeast.

Wine strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are usually homothallic diploids and show chromosome length polymorphism. We describe the analysis of a heterothallic strain heterozygous for the mating types a and alpha. Surveying cultures of the strain, we found a remarkable degree of heterogeneity in ploidy and in electrophoretic karyotype. The CHEF analysis of tetrads and dyads revealed an enormous variability of band patterns hampering the analysis of chromosome segregation. We propose that the instability of ploidy and chromosome polymorphism might be due to heterothallism that precludes the process "genome renewal" (MORTIMER et al. 1994) by selfdiploidization of spore clones.

Chromosomes, Fungal↗
PubMed1996

The STR systems HumVWA and HumACTBP2 in a Hungarian population.

Allele frequencies of the Short tandem repeat systems HumVWA and HumACTBP2 were determined from 105 unrelated individuals from the area of Szeged, Hungary. A total of 8 alleles was detected for VWA, and 23 alleles were found for ACTBP2. In both systems no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed. A comparison of the Hungarian and German frequency profiles revealed significant differences at both STR loci.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

Toxicity of the herbicides Flubalex, Fusilade S and Maloran 50 WP to chicken embryos after administration as single compounds or in combination.

The teratogenic effects of three herbicides (Flubalex, Fusilade S and Maloran 50 WP) were studied in chicken embryos. Each of the three test substances was administered on days 0 and 12 of incubation. Treatment was followed by evaluation on day 19. The compounds were injected into the air-chamber of eggs at three different concentrations. The medium concentration corresponded to that usually applied in chemical plant protection. In order to determine the combined toxicity of the three herbicides, the medium concentration of Maloran 50 WP and three different concentrations of Flubalex of Fusilade S each were administered simultaneously at a final volume of 0.1 ml per egg, at similar times. Evaluation was done on day 19. In tests of individual toxicity, after injection on day 0 of incubation Maloran 50 WP and Flubalex caused a significant reduction in body mass, while Maloran 50 WP and Fusilade S resulted in marked embryonic mortality. After injection on day 12, the medium and the highest concentration of Flubalex and the highest concentration of Fusilade S caused a marked increase in embryonic mortality. The developmental anomalies were of sporadic nature: their incidence increased only after Flubalex treatment, irrespective of the time of administration. The combined administration of Maloran 50 WP and Flubalex on day 0 resulted in a significant or marked body mass reduction in all groups. Embryonic mortality increased substantially after treatment with the highest dose of Flubalex, while all three concentrations of the other two herbicides led to similar results. When treatment was performed on day 12, the two highest concentrations of Flubalex and the highest concentration of Fusilade S caused expressed embryonic mortality. The developmental anomalies did not show a dose-dependent effect in any of the test series.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Effects of repeated oral doses of Dikamin D (2,4-D-amine Na) on rats.

The toxic effects of repeated, increasing oral doses of Dikamin D (72% 2,4-D-amine Na), a broad leave herbicide product used world-wide, were evaluated on rats by the method of Lim et al. (1961). A comparison of the determined acute oral LD50 and the calculated subchronic oral LD50 values revealed a definite tolerance of the experimental animals to the test compound. This finding indicates that repeated oral treatment is capable of increasing the test animal's metabolizing capacity, which accounts for the development of tolerance.

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid↗
PubMed1991

Blood pH, plasma carotene, vitamin A, albumin and globulin concentrations in newborn calves and in dams during the first three days of the postnatal period.

Blood pH, total plasma carotene, plasma vitamin A fractions and some plasma proteins were determined in newborn calves (n = 38) and their dams. Calves were assigned to one of two groups according to their blood pH immediately after birth: group 1 (normal) with pH above 7.2 (n = 27) and group 2 (slightly acidotic) with pH 7.0 to 7.2 (n = 11). The difference between the neonatal blood pH values of the two groups immediately post partum disappeared 24 h after birth. The blood pH of the dams was normal. The extremely low plasma carotene concentration (group 1: 32.7 micrograms/l; group 2:20.5 micrograms/l) and the low plasma globulin fractions (group 1:19.6 g/l; group 2:19.2 g/l) immediately after birth were elevated by the intake of colostrum. There was no significant change in plasma vitamin A fractions (retinol, retinyl ester) during the early postnatal period (3 days post partum) in newborn calves. The acid-base balance of newborn calves does not have any influence on the physiological alterations of plasma vitamin A, carotene and some plasma proteins during the first three days of life.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of the mechanism of tibial injury in cases of automobile-pedestrian collisions].

The type and the mechanism of development of lower extremity injuries suffered during traffic accidents between cars and pedestrians were studied in 93 accidents with frontal or almost frontal collision. Evaluation was based upon the facts of the investigation and the opinions of medical and technical experts. In 28% of the cases lower extremity injuries were not demonstrable, in 21% of the cases there were only soft part injuries at the site of primary collision, while in 51% bone fractures were also diagnosed. The collision speed and the injury severity score (ISS) are in a statistically significant correlation. In the case of lower extremity injuries, in higher speed categories, such definite correlation was demonstrable only for injured persons over 60 years of age, and no such correlation existed for younger people. This difference is explained by age-related biological differences (osteoporosis, reduced elasticity).

Acceleration↗
PubMed1990

[Role of collision velocity in traffic accidents involving automobiles and pedestrians].

On the basis of facts of the investigation and medical as well as technical experts' opinion on traffic accidents that happened between cars and pedestrians in Budapest in 1986, the authors studied the role of the travelling speed and collision speed in the severity of injuries suffered. They concluded that a 20% reduction of the 60 km per hour speed limit currently valid in inhabited areas in Hungary, i.e. compliance with the European standard, would reduce the number of fatal traffic accidents by as much as 40%, and the mean severity score of injuries suffered would decrease from ISS 26.90 to ISS 19.96.

Acceleration↗