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Biomedical subjects

T Veneskoski

Publications and source records attributed to T Veneskoski.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Oral ofloxacin once daily and doxycycline in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.

192 patients, most of them ambulatory, with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis were treated with 10- to 14-day courses of oral ofloxacin receiving 400 mg once daily or doxycycline first 200 mg and then 100 mg once daily in this randomized observer-blinded multicentre study. 98 patients were included in the ofloxacin group and 94 in the doxycycline group. The clinical efficacy was 86/87 (98.8%) in the ofloxacin group and 87/91 (91.2%) in the doxycycline group. The bacteriological efficacy was 31/34 (91.2%) in the ofloxacin group and 19/24 (79.2%) in the doxycycline group. Some patients had more than one pathogen. There was no statistically significant difference in efficacy between the two treatment groups; both treatments were highly effective and well tolerated. The adverse events showed an expected pattern. Ofloxacin treatment was discontinued in three patients. In conclusion, both treatments were found to have similar safety and efficacy and were well tolerated when used for treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Increased serum placental-like alkaline phosphatase activity in smokers originates from the lungs.

To study the origin of increased serum placental-like alkaline phosphatase (PLAP-like) activity in smokers, heat stable alkaline phosphatase activity was assayed from serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in 83 smoking and non-smoking patients. PLAP-like activity was increased in about 80% of the smokers, independently of the underlying lung disease. Isoenzyme activities in BAL fluid correlated (r = 0.631, p less than 0.001) with serum values. When adjusted for the albumin concentration, mean PLAP-like activity in BAL fluid was almost 1000-fold higher than that in serum, suggesting local synthesis of PLAP-like isoenzymes in the lungs. Although a direct dose-response effect was not observed, the values in serum and in BAL fluid tended to be higher in patients smoking over 10 cigarettes daily as compared to patients smoking less. In ex-smokers the results indicated that PLAP-like activity decreased to the level observed in non-smokers within 5 years after cessation of smoking. PLAP activity was L-leucine sensitive compatible with the Nagao-variant type of PLAP in almost all cases. In three patients the activity was due to the L-leucine resistant (true placental) isoenzyme.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Prediction of ventilatory function after subtotal lung resection using preoperative dynamic spirometry and radiospirometry.

In 36 patients undergoing subtotal lung resection for a peripheral lung tumour (N = 20) or an inflammatory disease (N = 16) the postoperative FEV1 and VC of the operated lung were predicted on the basis of preoperative spirometric and radiospirometric studies and the number of pulmonary segments resected. For comparison, preoperative lung function studies were used in two different ways for the prediction: 1) Preoperative dynamic spirometry alone, 2) Preoperative dynamic spirometry plus radiospirometrically determined distributions of ventilation (V), perfusion (Q) and VC. The actual postoperative FEV1 and VC correlated well with the predicted values calculated from preoperative dynamic spirometry alone (r = 0.90 and 0.86, respectively). The use of the preoperative V, Q and VC proportions of the resected lung determined radiospirometrically did not improve the prediction. The results of our study suggest that preoperative radiospirometry is not always necessary for patients having a small peripheral lesion treated by subtotal lung resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Bronchography in patients with persistent cough.

Bronchography was performed together with a fibre-optic bronchoscopic study in 98 patients with persistent cough, 33 of whom also had haemoptysis. Finally there were chronic bronchitis in 62 patients, bronchiectasis in 21, subacute bronchitis in 9, inflammatory residuals in 3, pulmonary tuberculosis in 2 patients and metastases in one. In chronic bronchitis, the value of plain chest radiography was low. It was normal in 34 of 62 cases (55%), bronchography in 12 cases (19%). Mild cases of bronchitis were more numerous in bronchography than seen by scopist. Bronchiectasis was found in 21 patients, four of these unexpectedly (two in a tbc scar). Additionally, three cases were overdiagnosed by the radiologist on chest films and eight cases by the scopist with bronchoscopy. In patients with persistent cough and haemoptysis, bronchography mainly revealed alterations of bronchitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

133Xe radiospirometry in prediction of ventilatory function and vital capacity after pneumonectomy in patients with an endobronchial tumour.

The ventilatory parameters FEV1 and VC were predicted after pneumonectomy in 18 patients operated on because of an endobronchial carcinoma. Preoperative dynamic spirometry and radiospirometrically determined regional ventilation, perfusion and VC were used in the prediction. In the whole patient material the predicted postoperative FEV1 and VC correlated significantly with the measured postoperative values; the correlation coefficients of the estimates based on preoperative regional perfusion (rFEV1 = 0.760, rVC = 0.707) differed, however, somewhat from those of the estimates based on regional ventilation (rFEV1 = 0.736, rVC = 0.767). The use of regional VC did not improve the accuracy of estimation. The mean predicted values of FEV1 were 0.35-0.46/l and those of VC were 0.23-0.44/l smaller than the values actually measured 2-12 months after operation, probably owing to dilatation of the remaining lung.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Bronchography in patients with suspected lung malignancy.

Bronchography and flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) were performed on 95 patients with suspected lung malignancy. Finally, 66 of 95 lesions turned out to be malignant and 29 benign. Bronchographic diagnosis was correct in 46 of 66 cases of cancer (70%) but gave a false negative result in 20 malignant lesions and a false positive result in four benign lesions of which three had pulmonary tuberculosis and one hamartoma of the lung. It is concluded that bronchography is rarely indicated in central malignant lesions. In peripheral lesions bronchographic findings for malignancy are unreliable or negative.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of ICI 74,917 on asthma and bronchial provocation tests.

A study was made of the protective action of the anti-allergic drug ICI 74,917, a phenanthroline derivative, in specific allergen provocation tests and in combating clinical symptoms in thirteen asthmatic out-patients. It was found that ICI 74,917 was able to diminish allergen-induced bronchoconstriction significantly (P less than 0.01) during both the placebo period and during chronic treatment with ICI 74,917 for 4 weeks. The results obtained during these two periods did not differ significantly. There was not, however, any statistically significant difference in the symptom scores or PEF rates during the treatment with ICI 74,917 or placebo for 1 month. This may indicate that although ICI 74,197 is able to prevent bronchoconstriction in an allergen provocation test, it failed to improve asthma clinically. No signs of the phenomenon of tachyphylaxis were observed in the present study. The Student's t-test was used in the statistical analysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Natural and synthetic fibers as causes of asthma and rhinitis.

One hundred and thirty-six textile workers were tested with natural fibers; 97 were tested with synthetic fibers. By inhalation testing 20% were positive to both types of fibers; by nasal provocative testing 30% were positive. There was a close correlation between the size of the wheals in the prick tests and the percentage of fiber challenge tests. Fiber provocation tests and metacholine tests did not display any conformity with each other. The authors feel that synthetic fibers may act as haptens and cause Type I or IgE-mediated allergy and both natural and synthetic fibers should be considered important causes of occupational asthma among textile workers.

Adolescent↗