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Biomedical subjects

T W Miller

Publications and source records attributed to T W Miller.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Assessment of life stress events: the etiology and measurement of traumatic stress disorder.

The impact of stressful life events on health has been of considerable interest from a cross-cultural perspective. Examined herein is the etiology and onset of post-traumatic stress disorder with careful review of the diagnostic criteria, current measures used and clinical dimensions of PTSD. Also examined from a cross-cultural perspective is how psychological trauma may be processed by victims of trauma and subsequent approaches both pharmacological and psychotherapeutic to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Combat Disorders↗
PubMed1992

Interdisciplinary treatment of abused families in Kentucky.

The recognition and management of child sexual abuse has gained increased attention by primary care physicians. Examined are the results of a 3-year interdisciplinary clinical treatment program and clinical data which enhance the primary care physician's assessment and management of child sexual abuse. Specific criteria used in diagnosis and strategies for abuse are explored. Psychological factors involved in the adaptation process and long-term impact on the child and family are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Age, education, maltreatment, and social support as predictors of chronic depression in former prisoners of war.

This study examined the relationships of prisoner of war captivity trauma variables and individual protective variables to current depressive symptoms as indexed by the CES-D and its components. The sample consisted of 989 U.S. former POWs of World War II and the Korean War, who have been followed since the mid 1950s. Depressive symptoms persisted over 40 years later. Age, education, medical symptoms during captivity, and level of social support were related to later levels of adjustment. Theoretical and methodological implications of the findings were discussed.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1991

Physicians' psychologic reactions to malpractice litigation.

A questionnaire investigating the psychologic sequelae of malpractice litigation was administered to sued and nonsued physicians through a major malpractice insurer in a rural southern state. Factor analysis showed clusters of symptoms, including psychologic trauma, job strain, shame/doubt, and active coping. Psychologic stress decreased with time (but did not return to baseline after 2 years), with winning a case, and with increased age. Stress was increased among those with cases pending or multiple suits. Female physicians used more active coping strategies, and being in a high-risk specialty led to greater job strain and active coping, regardless of litigation experience. Malpractice litigation is a major life trauma that should be dealt with as any other trauma, including use of positive coping strategies such as knowledge of the psychologic sequelae, cognitive reframing, and collegial and personal support systems.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Clinical strategies in recognizing spouse abuse.

Physicians have developed an increased sensitivity to the recognition and management of spouse abuse. Examined are clinical data and research which will enhance the physician's assessment of spouse abuse. Specific criteria useful in diagnosis and strategies helpful in the assessment process are discussed. Addressed are psychological factors involved in the adaptation process, and the possible long-term effects on the victim are discussed. The role of family physicians and other subspecialties is explored within the context of the recognition and management of spouse abuse.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1990

An overview of chronic pain.

Pain is the most common symptom for which patients seek medical advice and treatment, and chronic pain takes a heavy toll in patient suffering and disability, reduced quality of life, and economic costs. Despite the interest in pain management in the last half century, the pathways of pain transmission and the optimal methods of pain management are not fully understood. The authors review selected areas of knowledge about chronic pain and its management, including historical views, the assessment of pain, economic factors and costs, and treatment approaches.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

Clinical issues and treatment strategies in stress-oriented athletes.

Psychological stress disorders in athletes have become an increasingly important area of study within the last decade as a result of added interest in sports psychology. Scientific inquiry into the impact of life stress events on the health of athletes has only recently been the focus of clinical study. At the forefront of today's understanding of stressful events and its impact on the human organism are a variety of theories which argue either that: stress lies within the environmental input; that it is the cognitive appraisal; that it lies toward environmental input; or that it is a multivariant, multiprocess system that views no single variable or process as the aetiology or psychopathology in the organism. Within the framework of sports medicine, it is seen rather as a complex system of variables that address the environment, the personality of the athlete and the impact of stressful life events on both.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed1989

Assessment of child sexual abuse: clinical use of fables.

Examined is the clinical use of fables in the evaluation of child sexual abuse. A review of projective assessment, the use of human figure drawings, anatomically correct dolls and projective apperception testing is presented within the context of clinical assessment of child trauma. The efficacy of the fable assessment technique is discussed, as are issues in the use of projective assessment with children. Issues and import for the clinician are explored.

Art↗
PubMed1989

Group sociotherapy: a psychoeducative model for schizophrenic patients and their families.

The clinical and research community have identified critical issues in educating schizophrenic patients and their families about schizophrenia. A review of the literature, a comprehensive alternative model, and descriptive modules inherent in an effective group sociotherapy program are offered for schizophrenic patients in remission and for their families. The model provides advantages for monitoring patients on an outpatient basis and has applicability to mental health clinic, day hospital, and day treatment center programs.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Fate and toxicity of temephos applied to an intertidal mangrove community.

The distribution, persistence, and toxicity of the mosquito larvicide temephos was monitored following aerial applications to an intertidal mangrove community in Lee County, Florida. The amount of temephos penetrating to the mangrove floor ranged from 15 to 70% of the amount entering the upper leaf canopy, with 50-60% of that applied remaining on the mangrove leaves. Rainfall caused an additional influx of temephos from the leaves to the mangrove floor. Residues were detected in intertidal water at 2 h, but not 4 h after application. However, temephos was observed to persist in simulated tidal pools and on mangrove leaves for up to 72 h and in oysters for up to 48 h after application. Marine organisms placed in cages at 3 test sites and a control site were monitored for toxic effects. Mortality among natural mosquito larvae was simultaneously monitored. Mysids (Mysidopsis bahia) exhibited a significant mortality at one site during 1 of 3 applications monitored; however, no correlation was observed between mortality and temephos concentration in water. No significant mortality was observed for the other organisms, which included: brown shrimp (Panaeus aztecus), grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio), juvenile snook (Centropomis undecimalis) and sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Dreaming: the impact of life stress events.

The impact of life stress on dreaming continues to be an area of clinical and research significance. Examined is recent research addressing sleep- and dream-related activity within the context of life stress events. Attention to dream activity as a function of maintaining psychological health and the therapeutic issues involved in health maintenance are discussed. Import for further clinical research is explored.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1989

The adult nonsurvivor of child abuse.

There is a growing clinical research interest in the long-term effects of victimization in childhood and the difficulty the victimized child may experience in adulthood. Examined are two case illustrations of individuals who were abused as children. The results of their dysfunctional childhood have yielded massive failures to cope and adjust to adult stress situations and have resulted in each case with the development of psychopathology that has impaired their adult lives. Issues and import for clinical practice and future research are discussed.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1988

Advances in understanding the impact of stressful life events on health.

Throughout history, philosophers have debated the interaction of mind and body, but only in the last decade have psychiatrists and other health professionals begun to scrutinize how stressful life events may precipitate or contribute to the onset of illness. While traumatic experiences can profoundly affect physical and psychological well-being, their impact may be mediated by factors such as body chemistry and personality traits, which may predispose an individual to greater resilience or greater vulnerability to life stresses. This review covers research exploring the relationship between life stresses and illness, particularly the eating disorders and myocardial infarction, and describes efforts to develop objective instruments to assess the degree of stress associated with specific life events, a task known as life-events scaling. Avenues for future research are recommended.

Disease↗