Schistosomal infections in some primary schools in Kabwe rural district.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
T Watts
Publications and source records attributed to T Watts.
Effect of infection with hemorrhagic enteritis virus on susceptibility of turkeys to Escherichia coli.
The present study was designed to investigate hemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV) as a predisposing factor influencing the susceptibility of young turkeys to Escherichia coli infections. In addition, the pathologic changes caused by administration of E. coli by various routes were compared. Following oral infection with HEV, groups of turkeys were inoculated with various doses of pathogenic E. coli by intravenous (IV), intra-air sac (IA), or intratracheal (IT) routes. A synergistic effect was observed in birds that were exposed to a combined HEV-E. coli challenge, resulting in higher mortality than that caused by either pathogen alone. This synergy was more evident when the bacteria were administered by the IT route than when it was administered by the two other routes. Turkeys infected with HEV and then inoculated IT with E. coli O78 had higher mortality (61%) and higher occurrence of gross body lesions (74%) than birds given E. coli alone (0% mortality and 16% gross lesions). After E. coli inoculation by the IA and IT routes, lesions observed were mainly pericarditis, perihepatitis, lung and air-sac lesions, splenic enlargement, and occasional arthritis. The incidence of lesions was affected by HEV exposure. In contrast, IV inoculation with E. coli O78 usually resulted in arthritis, and its incidence was independent of previous HEV exposure. The synergistic effect between HEV and E. coli administered IT can be used as a challenge model for testing E. coli vaccines.
Animals↗
Experimental reproduction of Escherichia coli cellulitis and septicemia in broiler chickens.
Experimental reproduction of avian cellulitis was conducted by subcutaneous inoculation of 25-day-old broiler chickens with a field isolate of serogroup O78 Escherichia coli. Development of the cellulitis lesion occurred as early as 24 h post-infection. Reproduction of cellulitis occurred in 98% of inoculated birds, and E. coli was isolated from > 75% of cellulitis lesions. In addition to cellulitis, other lesions, including pericarditis, airsacculitis, osteomyelitis, arthritis, and perihepatitis, occurred in > 80% of birds inoculated with E. coli. Bacteremia occurred as early as 6 h post-infection and dramatically declined by 5 days post-infection. Seventeen of 59 (29%) birds inoculated with E. coli developed a fatal infection between 1 and 6 days post-infection, and bacteria were isolated from lesions in 98% birds. In contrast, E. coli was not isolated from lesions in birds that survived until days 7-14 post-infection. Birds that survived with cellulitis and other lesions until day 14 post-infection had a significantly lower body weight compared with the control group. This avian model of cellulitis and other lesions will be useful for studying the development of vaccination strategies for E. coli in broilers.
Animals↗