Biomedical subjects

T Weits

Publications and source records attributed to T Weits.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1989

Fat patterning during weight reduction: a multimode investigation.

Changes in body composition during weight reduction of 20 obese women were quantified by anthropometry (weight, waist and hip circumferences, skinfold thicknesses determined with a skinfold caliper and ultrasonically), densitometry (hydrostatic weighing), tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance (TBI) and computed tomography (CT scan of abdomen and thorax). The average reduction in mean weight (92.7 kg), induced by an energy restricted diet over a period of 12 wk was 5.6 kg (5.8%). Fat areas were calculated from the CT scans of the thorax; intra-abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat were separately calculated from the abdominal CT scans. Anthropometric and CT fat values were found to decrease significantly during weight reduction, whereas the percentages of body fat as determined by densitometry and TBI did not. The relative deposition of intra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat of 19 women did not essentially change after weight reduction. One woman, who had a relatively large intra-abdominal fat accumulation, lost more subcutaneous fat than intra-abdominal fat. It is concluded that in general fat patterning does not change during weight reduction.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1989

Body composition measurements.

Measurement of body composition is an important tool for the assessment of nutritional status. During the past decades, new methods have been developed for the quantification of body fat. The model commonly used in body composition research is the two-component model. The two components are the fat and the fat-free mass, both with a specific density; the sum of the two components is the body mass. The fat-free mass is not homogeneous, but theoretically consists of several "fat-free" organs, tissues and fluids. Yet, the two-component model is often used because it is difficult to obtain detailed information about the relative proportions of organs, tissues and fluids. Body composition studies are based on quantitative measurements of one of the components of the human body. A review of measuring techniques, each with a specific approach to analysis of body composition, is presented.

Anthropometry↗

PubMed1988

Computed tomography measurement of abdominal fat deposition in relation to anthropometry.

In a study on the abdominal fat deposition measurements were carried out with computed tomography (CT) at the umbilical level in 130 patients (68 males and 62 females), submitted to the Department of Radiodiagnosis for routine CT of the abdomen. Weight, height, waist and hip circumference were measured. From a single CT scan at the umbilical level the subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat areas were calculated. In men relatively more fat was found in the abdominal cavity than in women. Using all possible subset regression for both subcutaneous and intraabdominal fat areas, the best subsets of predictor variables were examined for males and females separately. Quetelet index and hip circumference were good predictor variables, explaining more than 70 per cent of the variance of the subcutaneous fat in both males and females. Waist and hip circumference explained about 74 per cent of the variance in intra-abdominal fat in males and 56 per cent in females. The results indicate that the single CT scan is fairly representative of overall abdominal fatness and that waist and hip circumference measurements can provide a useful indication of the abdominal fat deposition.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1986

Comparison of ultrasound and skinfold caliper measurement of subcutaneous fat tissue.

Subcutaneous fat thickness of 26 young males (aged 18-32 years) was measured at eight sites (biceps, triceps, subscapula, axillary, subcosta, paraumbilica, suprailiaca, quadriceps) using a commercial high-resolution B-scan ultrasound equipment with a 7.5-MHz transducer as well as a Holtain skinfold caliper. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between ultrasound and skinfold caliper measurements of subcutaneous fat and body density determined by the hydrostatic weighing technique. Correlations between ultrasound and caliper measurement were above 0.7. The variability of duplicate measurements with the skinfold caliper appeared to be somewhat lower than with ultrasound measurements. Using all possible subsets regression, for both techniques measuring subcutaneous fat thickness those multiple regression equations were chosen which predicted body density best. The best equations for the two techniques explained about 80 percent of the variance of body density in this group. These results indicate that in young men, body fat can be estimated with the same degree of accuracy using either the skinfold caliper or the ultrasound technique, but for estimates of actual subcutaneous fat thickness, ultrasound is to be preferred.

Adipose Tissue↗