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Biomedical subjects

T Wrigley

Publications and source records attributed to T Wrigley.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Establishing an Integrated Catchment Management (ICM) program in East Java, Indonesia.

The Brantas is one of Indonesia's most important catchments. It is the "rice bowl" of Java and nationally important for its industrial activity. Surabaya, Indonesia's second largest city, is located at the mouth of the Brantas River which is pivotal to the city's water supply. The challenges associated with the institutional framework for natural resource management in East Java parallels that of many states and provinces around the globe. It is multi-layered and complex. Integrated Catchment Management (ICM) may be defined as "the co-ordinated and sustainable management of land, water, soil vegetation, fauna and other natural resources on a water catchment basis". Over a period of six months, an ICM Strategy was researched and facilitated for the Brantas River Catchment in East Java via a short term advisor attachment. The aim of the Strategy is to improve coordination, co-operation, communication and consistency of government and community efforts towards sustaining the catchment's environmental, economic and social values. The attachment was part of the Pollution Control Implementation (PCI) Project funded by AusAid and the Indonesian Government. The ICM Strategy developed was broad based and addressed the priority natural resource management issues facing the Brantas Catchment. It was co-ordinated by BAPEDALDA, the Provincial Environmental Protection Agency, and developed by all agencies involved in natural resource management in the catchment. Various Universities and Non Government Organisations (NGOs) were also involved in the ICM process which developed the Strategy. At the conclusion of the attachment, a draft ICM Strategy and a proposed institutional framework had been developed. A working group of key agencies was also established to further enhance local "ownership", finalise timescales and implementation responsibilities within the Strategy and bring the institutional arrangements into being through a Governor's Decree.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2000

Comparing wobble board and jump-landing training effects on knee and ankle movement discrimination.

The effects of two training programs on movement discrimination ability, at the ankle and knee, were assessed from the left and right lower limbs of forty-four football players. All players in three Under 18 Victorian Football League (VFL) squads were allocated to either wobble board training, jump landing training, or no-training conditions. Pre-tests to assess discrimination of extent for active movements made while standing were carried out on both ankles and knees of all subjects, using an automated device to accurately set the different movement stop points. Five distances were used, between 10.5 degrees and 14.5 degrees from horizontal for ankle inversion, and between 30.3 degrees and 31.7 degrees from vertical for knee flexion. From a series of 50 inversion movements and 50 knee flexion movements, matrices of absolute judgement by actual movement extent were produced. Non-parametric signal detection analysis was applied to the discrimination score. All subjects were retested after eight weeks. Improvement in discrimination of ankle movements into inversion from pre-test (0.65) to post test (0.70) for the wobble board trained group was significantly larger than the change in the jump-landing trained and the untrained groups (Jump Landing: Pretest: 0.64 to Post-test: 0.64 and Control; Pretest: 0.63 to Post-test: 0.64). Discrimination of knee flexion movements improved significantly from pre-test to post-test in all three groups. These data demonstrate that wobble board training can improve discrimination of discrete ankle inversion movements, an effect interpreted as enabling greater accuracy in the making of inversion movements in foot preparation prior to ground contact.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Ground reaction forces, bone characteristics, and tibial stress fracture in male runners.

PURPOSE: Tibial stress fracture is a common overuse running injury resulting from repetitive mechanical loading. This research project aimed to determine whether runners with a history of tibial stress fracture (TSF) differ in tibial bone geometry, tibial bone mass, and ground reaction force (GRF) parameters during running from those who have never sustained a stress fracture (NSF). METHODS: Forty-six male running athletes (23 TSF; 23 NSF) ranging in age from 18 to 42 yr were recruited for this cross-sectional study. A force platform was used to measure selected GRF parameters (peak and time to peak for vertical impact force, vertical active force, and horizontal braking force) during running at 4.0 m x s(-1). Tibial bone geometry (cross-sectional dimensions and area) was calculated from a computerized tomography (CT) scan at the junction of the middle and distal thirds. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provided measurements of tibial bone area, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD). RESULTS: The TSF group had significantly smaller tibial cross-sectional area (P = 0.02) and DXA tibial bone area (P = 0.02), after adjusting for height and weight, than the NSF group. There were no significant differences between groups for GRF, tibial BMC, or tibial BMD. CONCLUSION: These findings support the contention that bone geometry plays a role in stress fracture development and that male athletes with smaller bones in relation to body size are at greater risk for this bony injury.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗