Stress-induced hyperthermia in mice. Pharmacological and endocrinological aspects.
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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
Biomedical subjects
T Zethof
Publications and source records attributed to T Zethof.
Stress-induced hyperthermia in mice: hormonal correlates.
In the stress-induced hyperthermia (SIH) paradigm in group-housed male mice, the rectal temperature of last measured mice is approximately 1.5 degrees C higher than the first measured one when the temperature of each mouse is measured sequentially with an interval of 1 min. In the present study it is demonstrated that SIH is accompanied by increases in plasma ACTH, corticosterone, and glucose levels that return to baseline more or less parallel to the temperature. The simultaneous increases in temperature and plasma stress hormones strongly support the use of the SIH paradigm in mice as an animal model to study putative anti-stress or anxiolytic properties of drugs.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
New animal models of anxiety.
In an attempt to develop new animal models of anxiety with face and predictive validity for the spectrum of human anxiety disorders, two new animal paradigms have been described, stress-induced hyperthermia (SIH) in mice and ultrasonic pup vocalizations (UV) in rats. In SIH mice develop enhanced body temperature in anticipation of an aversive event. This SIH can be antagonized by benzodiazepines, alcohol and 5-HT1A receptor agonists, but not by specific 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. When rat pups are separated from their mother and littermates they produce ultrasonic sounds, indicative of a separation distress. Benzodiazepines, 5-HT1A receptor agonists and SSRIs decrease this calling, whereas 5-HT3 receptor antagonists have no effect. Antidepressants in general do not decrease pup calling because in contrast to the SSRIs, noradrenergic uptake blockers enhance calling. These two animal models of anxiety can be added to the range of anxiety models and will be of help in predicting new putative anxiolytic drugs.
Animals↗
Postpartum aggression in rats does not influence threshold currents for EBS-induced aggression.
Female Wistar rats were tested for aggressive behaviour induced by electrical brain stimulation (EBS) in the lateral hypothalamus. Threshold currents for the induction of aggression were determined on several days before the females were paired with experienced breeder males. Beginning in the second week of pregnancy threshold current values were measured once or twice weekly. No change in thresholds was observed either during pregnancy, the early postpartum period or after weaning. Lactation was the only period during which the females were spontaneously aggressive towards male intruders in their home cage, but not in the EBS cage. Analysis of bite targets revealed no difference between the bite patterns in the postpartum maternal aggression test and the EBS-induced attacks. The results demonstrate that the change in physiological and hormonal status in pregnant and lactating females has no influence on the propensity to attack during EBS. The similarity in wound patterns does not advocate a major difference in the types of aggression studied. We speculate upon the nature of EBS-induced attacks as the activation of a rigid, final pathway of aggression which is rather insensitive to mild modulations.
Aggression↗
Behavioural effects of psychoactive drugs on agonistic behaviour of male territorial rats (resident-intruder model).
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2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗