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Takashi Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to Takashi Hashimoto.

122 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Efficacy of plastic tube stents without side holes for middle and lower biliary strictures.

BACKGROUND: Although biliary expandable metallic stents (EMS) improve patency, they are unsuitable for primary biliary stenting. Although plastic tube stents without side holes (PWOS) are also reported to prolong patency, their efficacy remains controversial. GOALS: To evaluate clinical utility and relative advantages, we reviewed clinical results of three types of stents: plastic tube stents with side holes (PS), PWOS, and EMS. STUDY: The 130 patients comprised 56 with pancreatic cancers, 26 with gallbladder cancers, 21 with bile duct cancers, and 27 with other malignant diseases. Plastic tube stents with side holes (10 French [Fr]), PWOS (10 Fr), and EMS (30 Fr) were inserted in 64, 28, and 38 cases, respectively. RESULTS: Overall cumulative stent patency rates for EMS and PWOS groups were significantly higher than that of PS. This was also the case with middle and lower biliary tract strictures and with pancreas cancers. In Japan, medical costs with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ($631.00) divided by the mean patent period with PS, PWOS, and EMS were $8.80/d, $4.60/d, and $20.40/d, respectively. CONCLUSION: We recommend PWOS for primary biliary stenting of middle and lower biliary strictures, especially those caused by pancreatic cancer, based on its lower price and sufficient patency without replacement after diagnosis of inoperability.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Liver transplantation-associated de novo hepatitis B virus infection: application of molecular evolutionary analysis.

OBJECTIVE: De novo hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after liver transplantation has recently been reported to be associated with donors without serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) but with hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). We elucidate the source of de novo HBV infection after liver transplantation by molecular evolutionary analysis. METHODS: The serum sample was obtained from a recipient who underwent living related liver transplantation. He was negative for all HBV-related serum markers before the transplantation. The recipient became seropositive for HBsAg at 6 months after transplantation. The liver tissue was obtained from a donor who was seronegative for HBsAg, but positive for anti-HBs and anti-HBc. RESULTS: HBV DNA was detected from the serum and liver tissue in a recipient and donor, respectively. A total of 5 clones each of small-S gene of HBV from the donor and recipient were sequenced. A phylogenetic tree analysis based on small-S gene revealed that all isolates derived from the recipient and donor were clustered together within a close range of evolutionary distances. These results indicated that HBV was transmitted by the liver graft from the donor. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular evolutionary analysis can be adopted for the study of the transmission route of viral infection via organ transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (trp-P-1) is incorporated into rat splenocytes, thymocytes, and hepatocytes through monoamine transporters and induces apoptosis.

3-Amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), which is a tryptophan pyrolysate formed during cooking, induces apoptosis in rat splenocytes, thymocytes, and hepatocytes. In this study, we investigated whether Trp-P-1 is transported into these cells and causes apoptosis. Trp-P-1 was immediately incorporated into rat splenocytes, thymocytes, and hepatocytes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Dopamine and serotonin significantly competed with the uptake of Trp-P-1 into these cells, and nomifensine and indatraline, which are inhibitors of dopamine- and serotonin-transporters, respectively, markedly suppressed the uptake of Trp-P-1. On the other hand, amino acids including tryptophan did not compete with Trp-P-1. Inhibition of monoamine transporters using nomifensine and indatraline partially suppressed Trp-P-1-induced cell death in these cells. In hepatocytes, the inhibition of transporters prevented Trp-P-1-induced morphological changes and activation of caspase-3. These results demonstrated that Trp-P-1 is incorporated into the cells through monoamine transporters and induces apoptosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Suppressive effect of polysaccharides from the edible and medicinal mushrooms, Lentinus edodes and Agaricus blazei, on the expression of cytochrome P450s in mice.

To investigate the effects of lentinan from Lentinas edodes and polysaccharides from Agaricus blazei (ABPS) on the expression of cytochrome P450s (CYPs), lentinan (10 mg/kg/day) or ABPS (200 mg/kg/day) was administered to female BALB/c mice four times every other day by intraperitoneal injection. Lentinan and ABPS suppressed both the constitutive and 3-methylcholanthrene-induced CYP1A expression and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylation activity in the liver.

Agaricales↗
PubMed2002

[Quality of life in long-term survivors of pediatric living related-donor liver transplantation].

In this study, we discuss the quality of life with reference to the growth of long-term survivors to evaluate the prognosis of liver transplantation. Nine of 41 pediatric patients who received living related-donor liver transplantation (LRLT) in our institution from 1991 to the present are now in alive more than 6 years after surgery. Their quality of life, physical development, liver function, and need for immunosuppressive therapy were analyzed. Physical growth is improved by LRLT, although it still does not to reach the mean level in Japan. Three of the nine patients were successfully withdrawn from immunosuppressive drugs, although one required readministration. Two patients exhibited side effects of steroid administration: one experienced renal lithiasis, and another developed cataracts. One patient needed surgery for ileus, and three had varicella infections. One of 2 patients who received an ABO-incompatible graft continues to show unstable liver function after 9 years. In summary, LRLT is effective in improving the physical growth and the quality of life of patients, but problems remain in their daily lives. In particular, we need to adapt the timing of surgery to take account of physical growth and to discuss the timing of vaccinations to prevent viral infection.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peptide vaccination for patients with melanoma and other types of cancer based on pre-existing peptide-specific ctotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors in the periphery.

Identification of antigenic peptides expressed on cancer cells enables us to treat cancer patients with peptide-based immunotherapy. Although optimal protocols for peptide-based vaccines have not yet been elucidated, boosting the immune system could be a better approach than priming the immune system to elicit prompt and potent peptide-specific T-cell responses in cancer patients. With this possibility in mind, the authors undertook a clinical trial in which cancer patients were vaccinated with peptides (maximum 4) after confirmation of pre-existing peptide-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) precursors in the periphery. Fourteen patients (seven with melanoma and seven with other types of cancer) positive for either HLA-A24 or HLA-A2 were enrolled in this study. Fourteen and 16 peptides were used to screen for HLA-A24+ and HLA-A2+ patients, respectively. The vaccination was well tolerated, and the only adverse effects were local pain and fever. Kinetic analysis revealed that peptide-reactive CTLs increased after peptide vaccination in 7 of 14 patients. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) reactive to the administered peptides was detected in 2 patients before vaccination, although it became detectable in 8 of the other 12 patients after the peptide vaccination. Stable disease for more than 6 months was observed in five patients (one with melanoma and four with other types of cancer); all of these patients showed increased levels of peptide-specific IgG. These results indicate that peptide vaccination of patients showing evidence of pre-existing peptide-specific CTL precursors can be applied in further clinical trials aimed at the treatment of melanoma and other types of cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Atypical IgA/IgG pemphigus involving the skin, oral mucosa, and colon in a child: a novel variant of IgA pemphigus?

Immune-mediated blistering diseases are rare in childhood, with the subset of IgA pemphigus being extremely uncommon. A child with a bullous disorder of the oral mucosa, skin, and colon is reported because of the unusual nature of the clinical and laboratory findings. Immunofluorescence studies demonstrated both intercellular epidermal and basement membrane zone deposition of IgA and IgG antibodies, as well as intercellular colonic deposition of IgA antibodies. IgA and IgG ELISA tests were positive for desmoglein 3 as the intercellular epidermal antigen. The generation of multiple antibodies against several potential antigenic targets suggests epitope spreading may play a role in this disease. We believe this represents a novel variant of IgA pemphigus.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pyoderma gangrenosum in a patient with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus.

We report a 55-year-old woman with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus, who later developed pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). Dapsone was effective for the eruption of bullous bullous systemic lupus erythematosus but not for pyoderma gangrenosum. Cyclosporine was effective for the skin lesions of pyoderma gangrenosum. This is the first reported case of PG associated with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus.

Cyclosporine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma arising on the right great toe.

A 20-year-old Japanese man with aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma on the right great toe was presented. The tumor was comprised of multiple lobules of epithelial cells exhibiting solid areas, lacking cystic spaces. A pattern of fused back-to-back glands lined by cuboidal to low columnar epithelial cells with little evidence of papillary formations was observed. Apocrine-like decapitation secretion was not observed, and continuity of the tumor to the epidermis was evident. The neoplastic cells were immunohistochemically positive for S-100 protein, but negative for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and gross cystic disease fluid protein (GCDFP). Intraluminal contents, however, showed positive reactivity with CEA and EMA. On the basis of their histologic and immunohistochemical features, the tumor was diagnosed as aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor.

We report the case of a 6-year-old Japanese boy with a plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor on the right perioral region. Clinically, the tumor, 5 mm in diameter, was a solitary, hard, erythematous, slowly growing, painless nodule. There was no preceding trauma. Histology revealed a well-circumscribed plexiform lesion with a biphasic appearance. Immuno-histochemistry demonstrated CD68 positivity in many of mononuclear macrophages. The lesion was negative for S-100 protein, lysozyme, CD57 and factor XIIIa. Interestingly, the tumor showed an intradermal location from superficial to deep dermis, and lacked osteoclast-like giant cells. During the follow-up for 9 months after the resection, there was no recurrence or metastasis.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Desmosome-binding antibody KM48 recognises an extracellular antigen different from desmosomal cadherins Dsg 1-3 and Dsc 1-3.

Desmosomes are the most prominent and mechanically important epidermal intercellular junctions. Transmembrane proteins of desmosomes, desmogleins and desmocollins, are responsible for extracellular binding and, thus, are important for interkeratinocyte cohesion. We show here, using three different approaches, that the extracellular "cores" of epidermal desmosomes contain a highly glycosylated antigen, different from desmosomal cadherins. This protein, recognised by KM48 monoclonal antibody, is likely to be involved in the processes of keratinocyte differentiation, desmosome turnover and epidermal cohesion.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cicatricial pemphigoid with autoantibodies against the laminin 5 gamma 2 subunit.

Cicatricial pemphigoid (CP) is an autoimmune bullous disease accompanied by mucosal lesions. The majority of patients with CP have autoantibodies against BP180. Anti-laminin 5 (epiligrin) CP is relatively rare. It is known that, in most cases, circulating autoantibodies against laminin 5 in these patients recognize the alpha3 and/or beta3 subunits of this molecule. Here we report a case of anti-laminin 5 CP, which showed IgG autoantibodies against the gamma2 subunit of laminin 5 alone. A 50-year-old woman suffered from skin blistering on the trunk and extremities and severe mucosal lesions in the eyes, oral cavities and laryngopharynx. Despite potent systemic steroids, the mucosal lesions and some parts of the skin lesions persisted. Salazosulfapyridine was of value in controlling the laryngopharyngeal lesions and persistent cutaneous blistering, and cyclophosphamide had definite effects especially on ocular lesions. Anti-laminin 5 autoantibodies became undetectable in serum from the patient after the disease was controlled.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Severe gastrointestinal involvement in paraneoplastic pemphigus.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune mucocutaneous disease, associated with neoplasia, which has characteristic clinical, histological and immunological features. While respiratory epithelial involvement has been described in several cases, lesions in the colon epithelium have never been reported. We describe a 57-year-old Japanese woman with PNP who had many aphthae-like erosions on the colon epithelium, in addition to typical mucocutaneous PNP lesions. The intestinal erosions had histological features similar to those of PNP and linear deposition of complement, but not IgG, was observed along the colon epithelial basement membrane.

Colon↗