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Biomedical subjects

Ted Greiner

Publications and source records attributed to Ted Greiner.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Influence of grandparents on eating behaviors of young children in Chinese three-generation families.

AIM: To investigate how grandparents influence their young grandchildren's eating behaviors in Chinese three-generation families. METHODS: This qualitative study used semi-structured in-depth interviews with 12 parents (3 male and 9 female) and 11 grandparents (4 male and 7 female) in Beijing, China. RESULTS: Three domains emerged in this study: (1) grandparents were the primary caretakers of children in the three-generation families. They played an important role in planning and cooking family meals; (2) grandparents' attitudes influenced young children's nutrition and eating habits. They held the belief that children being heavy at a young age would assure that they had a good nutrition status and would become tall in the future. They showed a tendency towards urging the children to eat more meals and larger portions at served meals; (3) grandparents used food as an educational and emotional tool. They shaped the behavior of their grandchildren and expressed love and caring through food. CONCLUSIONS: Grandparents were dominant in shaping children's eating behavior in some three-generation families in Chinese urban areas. Nutrition education involving grandparents is a potential framework for developing a healthy dietary behavior in young children.

Child↗
PubMed2006

Effect of the HIV epidemic on infant feeding in South Africa: "When they see me coming with the tins they laugh at me".

OBJECTIVE: To explore how the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has affected the infant-feeding experiences of HIV-positive mothers in South Africa. METHODS: This was a qualitative interview study within a prospective cohort study. We purposively selected a subsample of 40 women from a larger cohort of 650 HIV-positive mothers for in-depth interviews. FINDINGS: The HIV epidemic has changed the context in which infant-feeding choices are made and implemented. HIV-positive mothers in this study -- who were predominantly young, single and unemployed -- were struggling to protect their decision-making autonomy. Uncertainty about the safety of breastfeeding has increased the power and influence of health workers, who now act as gatekeepers to not only this new knowledge but also to essential resources such as formula milk. Fear of disclosure of HIV status and stigma has also weakened the ability of mothers to resist entrenched family and community norms that encourage early introduction of fluids and foods and that question non-breastfeeding. Women who chose to exclusively formula feed had difficulties accessing formula milk because of inflexible policies and a lack of supplies at clinics. Limited postpartum support led to social isolation and mothers doubting their ability to care for their children. CONCLUSION: The infant-feeding experiences of HIV-positive mothers have serious implications for the operational effectiveness of programmes that aim to prevent HIV transmission from mother to child. A better understanding of how HIV is changing infant-feeding practices can inform the development of interventions to improve infant-feeding counselling and postpartum support.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Health education to prevent anemia among women of reproductive age in southern India.

In this study, we used a narrow, but easily measured, indicator of how communication proceeded among health workers and women in Southern India. Anemia prevention during pregnancy was studied using a semistructured questionnaire. Participants included 5 nurses, 10 health aides, and 10 (traditional birth attendants) TBAs working with maternal health care and education, as well as 32 women seeking maternal health care. Those women who received health education where they lived, from health workers they knew, and together with participants familiar to them learned more about anemia prevention than others.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Early infant feeding practices in Jinan City, Shandong Province, China.

To investigate early infant feeding practices in Jinan, China, a cross-sectional study was carried out in April-May 2000. Data were collected through structured interviews among nearly all the mother-infant pairs (247) in four communities in the city with infants under seven months of age. All but one was born in a hospital and rooming-in (infant sleeping in same room as mother) was widely practiced. Breastfeeding was practiced universally, but first contact with the new-born was delayed one or more hours for 51% of subjects. Colostrum was given to 94% of the infants, yet during the first three days, all but 34% were given water, artificial baby milk, glucose or other prelacteal feeds. Among infants under 4 months of age, 35% were currently exclusively breastfeeding, but at two months only 40% were, and only half that many had received nothing but breast-milk since birth. Exclusive breastfeeding has probably increased in China, but further promotion is still needed in this area.

Bottle Feeding↗
PubMed2002

Vitamin A intake is low among pregnant women in central Java, Indonesia.

From 1996-1998, a longitudinal study on nutritional status during pregnancy was carried out in Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia. Dietary intake was assessed in each trimester using six 24-hour recalls, and analyzed cross-sectionally among 493 women. The proportion of women below the Indonesian RDI for vitamin A (700 RE) ranged from 83% in the first trimester to 76% in the third. Regardless of total vitamin A intake, plant sources contributed 64-79% in all three trimesters. The contribution from animal and fortified sources was generally lower throughout pregnancy for those with low education compared to those with high education. Significant risk factors for having a low vitamin A intake (< FAO/WHO basal RDI, 370 RE) in the second and third trimesters were fewer than six years of education, low socio-economic status, a low energy intake, and a low vitamin A intake in the previous trimester. Home gardening and chicken-raising were not positively associated with vitamin A intakes. Given the large percentage of women with inadequate vitamin A intakes, further strategies are needed to increase the vitamin A intake of all pregnant women in this area.

Adult↗