[Dentin hypersensitivity--a review].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Dentin Sensitivity↗
Biomedical subjects
Thomas Imfeld
Publications and source records attributed to Thomas Imfeld.
[Caries prevalence among students in 16 Zurich districts in the years 1992 to 2000].
Standardized dental examinations of schoolchildren were regularly carried out since 1964 in 16 rural communities of the Canton of Zurich. In 1964, there were no 14-year-old schoolchildren free from caries; in the Nineties about half of the 14-year-olds had a caries-free permanent dentition (DMFT = 0). From the year 1992 to 2000, the caries prevalence (DMFT) of 14-year-olds decreased once again, by 31%. The pit and fissure caries prevalence (DFS) of 12- and 14-year-olds decreased by 28% and 37%, respectively. In 2000, the mean DMFT-value of the 12- and 14-year-old schoolchildren was 0.90 and 1.27 respectively. In 1964, only few 7-year-old schoolchildren were caries-free; in the Nineties about half of the 7-year-olds had a primary dentition without caries. From the year 1992 to 2000, caries prevalence (dmft) in 7-, 8- and 9-year-olds increased by 64%, 22% and 31%. In 2000, the mean dmft-value of all 7-year-old schoolchildren was 2.45. The Swiss schoolchildren had 1.79 dmft; the schoolchildren from former Yugoslavia and from Albania had 6.89 dmft and those of other nations had 3.37 dmft. Possible reasons for the continuous caries decrease in the permanent dentition and the increase in the primary dentition are discussed. Additional measures in order to improve the situation in the primary dentition are proposed.
Adolescent↗
[An in vitro model for the simulation of approximal wear].
Several methods have been developed to evaluate attritional wear of restorative materials. A distinction was made between attritional wear in occlusal contact areas (OCA) and wear in contact-free occlusal areas (CFOA). Only limited data dealing with approximal wear in vitro are available. Using a new configuration of the computer-controlled masticator, approximal wear of two composites (P-50, 3M and Tetric Ceram, Ivoclar-Vivadent) was assessed in a two-body wear test after thermo-mechanical loading. Wear was quantified using a profilometer. In addition, micromorphology was assessed by SEM. Wear showed a non-linear pattern, which was comparable to occlusal abrasion. After the first loading cycle, wear increased significantly (p < or = 0.05), and subsequently decreased. After a 5-year-equivalent, the mean substance loss for composite specimens was 20.3 +/- 15.6 microns for P-50 und 17.5 +/- 3.1 microns for Tetric Ceram. Approximal wear between enamel surfaces was 3.9 +/- 4.3 microns. In another experiment, the influence of the approximal wear on an enamel bonding agent was assessed. After thermo-mechanical loading, specimens were immersed in a demineralisation gel. The protective potential of the sealant was assessed under a polarized light microscope. The results suggested that partial sealant loss could lead to caries-like demineralisation in the affected areas.
Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate↗
Advances in abrasive technology--prophylaxis pastes.
A newly developed prophylaxis paste that contains perlite as an abrasive medium was compared to conventional prophylaxis pastes with regard to relative dentin and enamel abrasion, cleaning ability, and polishing power. Rubber cups and nylon brushes were used as paste carriers. Water, flour of pumice, and a dentin polishing paste served as controls. The Prophylaxis Paste Index was created to assess the clinical potential of the various prophylaxis pastes more accurately. The index was computed for dentin as cleaning ability divided by relative dentin abrasion x surface roughness (in Ra) x 10, and for enamel as cleaning ability divided by relative enamel abrasion x surface abrasion (in Ra). On dentin and enamel, the perlite-based prophylaxis paste consistently yielded low relative dentin and enamel abrasion values, a good cleaning ability, and low surface roughness scores with both rubber cups and nylon brushes. Of all tested prophylaxis pastes, the perlite-based prophylaxis paste excelled in the Prophylaxis Paste Index on dentin and enamel and with both rubber cup and nylon brush applications. Therefore, a perlite-containing prophylaxis paste may have broad professional therapeutic indications and may be used universally as a single paste to clean and polish both dentin and enamel.
Aluminum Oxide↗
[In vitro evaluation of the mechanical effects of sensitive toothpastes of the Swiss market].
"Sensitive pastes" are advertised for use by patients suffering from dentin hypersensitivity. Their market share is growing. Their potential of adverse mechanical side effects on dentin are consequently of concern. The aim of this study was to assess the cleaning efficiency, the relative dentin abrasion and the surface roughness induced by ten sensitive toothpastes of the Swiss market. Cleaning efficiency was assessed planimetrically, the relative dentin abrasion was measured using a radio tracer method and the surface roughness was established using a surface scanning method. Four out of the ten tested sensitive toothpastes produced only low abrasion and surface roughening on dentin, and are consequently suitable for the use by patients with dentin hypersensitivity. The remaining six pastes are too aggressive to warrant unlimited use on exposed dentin surfaces. The pain relieving effect of active ingredients of the toothpastes was not assessed.
Dentin Sensitivity↗
[Dental health of adults in the Zurich Canton].
In 1992 and 1999, dental health in 20- to 79-year-old adults from the canton of Zurich was assessed with a standardized method (WHO). The aim was to establish the current state and changes of dental health. Roughly half of the 852 approached adults selected by chance did take part. In 1992 and 1999, the mean number of unfilled, decayed teeth (DT) was on a low level in all age classes (0.2 to 1.8 depending on age class and examination year). The number of missing teeth (MT) in older adults (60-79) was on a high level (8.8 to 13.4). The number of filled teeth (FT) was highest (14.8 to 16.2) in middle-aged adults (40-59). Total loss of teeth was found only in older adults (60-79). Lack of a "functional" own dentition (5 teeth present in each quadrant) was found in roughly half of the 60- to 69-year-olds and two thirds of the 70- to 79-year-olds. In 1999, the state of the roots and loss of attachment was assessed. Wedge-shaped defects were found in more than half of the middle-aged adults (40-59). Carious roots were found in more than half of the 70- to 79-year-olds. Nearly half of the 70- to 79-year-old participants showed "severe" loss of attachment (> or = 6 mm). In the short period from 1992 to 1999, a significant decrease of 3.7 DMFT was found in 20- to 49-year-old adults. The decrease of 0.9 MT and 2.1 FT means also a decrease in treatment need in this age segment. In contrast, in the 50- to 79-year-olds no change in dental health could be established.
Adult↗