Thomas L Pommering | PubMed Health

PubMed2005

Ankle and foot injuries in pediatric and adult athletes.

Foot and ankle injuries are among the most common in athletes.Differential diagnosis, imaging decisions, and treatment plan should be influenced by the age of the athlete. A thorough history and physical examination, with an understanding of the anatomy of the foot and ankle anatomy and the mechanism of injury, will give the best opportunity to make the correct diagnosis. For most athletes, the prognosis for returning to play after a foot or ankle injury is very good. The recipe for keeping our athletes healthy includes early intervention, undergoing proper rehabilitation, applying braces or orthotics when indicated, and preventing injuries when appropriate.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Primary immunodeficiencies.

Primary immunodeficiencies include a variety of disorders that render patients more susceptible to infections. If left untreated, these infections may be fatal. The disorders constitute a spectrum of more than 80 innate defects in the body's immune system. Primary immunodeficiencies generally are considered to be relatively uncommon. There may be as many as 500,000 cases in the United States, of which about 50,000 cases are diagnosed each year. Common primary immunodeficiencies include disorders of humoral immunity (affecting B-cell differentiation or antibody production), T-cell defects and combined B- and T-cell defects, phagocytic disorders, and complement deficiencies. Major indications of these disorders include multiple infections despite aggressive treatment, infections with unusual or opportunistic organisms, failure to thrive or poor growth, and a positive family history. Early recognition and diagnosis can alter the course of primary immunodeficiencies significantly and have a positive effect on patient outcome.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗