Electrochemical behavior of thalidomide.
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Electrochemistry↗
Biomedical subjects
Ting Liu
Publications and source records attributed to Ting Liu.
Comparison of Pgp- and MRP-mediated multidrug resistance in leukemia cell lines.
Drug resistance is a major cause of the failure of anticancer chemotherapy. Multidrug resistance is often caused by overexpression of the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) or the multidrug resistance-related protein (MRP). In the present study, we compared daunorubicin (DNR) accumulation, subcellular distribution, and the effect of modulators on drug accumulation and subcellular distribution in the Pgp-expressing K562 cell line and the MRP-expressing HL60 cell line using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-z-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) drug cytotoxicity assay, fluorocytometry, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The 2 resistant cell lines exhibit similar levels of resistance to DNR and decreased drug accumulation. Altered drug subcellular distribution in the resistant cell lines compared to that in the sensitive cell lines was shown and, moreover, differences in drug distributions between the 2 resistant cell lines were found. DNR fluorescence in the resistant HL60 cell line was distributed into punctate regions in the cytoplasm; the nucleus and other cytoplasm were almost negative. In contrast, the resistant K562 cells showed a bright fluorescent signal located in the peripheral cytoplasm and perinuclear region; the nucleus and other cytoplasmic regions showed no signal. Use of the modulator verapamil increased drug accumulation and restored the altered subcellular distribution of the drug in the 2 resistant cell lines. The Golgi apparatus inhibitor brefeldin A had similar action in the resistant HL60 line but had little effect in the resistant K562 line. Therefore, our study suggested that there were differences between the 2 resistant cell lines in the compartments sequestering DNR.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
The Cultural Genogram: experiences from within a marriage and family therapy training program.
The purpose of this article is to illustrate and demonstrate the use of the Cultural Genogram (CG) in a graduate-level course in gender and culture for family therapists-in-training at a large Midwestern university's accredited program in family therapy. Although the importance of the CG as a training tool is delineated by Hardy and Laszloffy, very little information exists about the actual implementation and usefulness of this tool within a training program for family therapists. In this article, we present a qualitative research study of the lived experiences of a class of women from diverse cultures as they constructed and presented their CGs. We discuss the basic curriculum and structure of the course in which the CG was used, the process the class members developed to create and present their CGs, the effects of presenting the CGs, and a set of recommendations and ideas for further exploration.
Adult↗
Study on the relationship between NB4 cell apoptosis induced by tanshinone IIA and the cell mitochondrial transmembrane potential.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between NB4 cell apoptosis induced by tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) and the cell mitochondrial transmembrane potential (DeltaPsim). METHODS: NB4 cells were treated with TanIIA, As(2)O(3), TanIIA plus 1.0 micro g/ml CsA and As(2)O(3) plus 1.0 micro g/ml CsA, respectively. Morphological changes were observed under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. The percentages of sub-G(1) cells and DeltaPsim of cells doublely stained with PI and Rh123 were assayed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentages of sub-G(1) cells after treatment with 1.0 micro g/ml and 2.0 micro g/ml TanIIA had no significant difference but was higher than that of 0.5 micro g/ml. After treatment with TanIIA, NB4 cells appeared the classical apoptotic morphology. The percentages of sub-G(1) cells were increased, while the DeltaPsim reduced (P < 0.01) and there was a linear correlation between them. The increment of sub-G(1) cell percentages and decrement of DeltaPsim induced by TanIIA were partly inhibited by CsA (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: TanIIA can induce NB4 cells apoptosis through opening the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and reducing DeltaPSgr;m, and this effect could be inhibited by CsA.
Abietanes↗
[Study on the effects of various dosage of dexamethasone in accelerating fetal lung maturation and the accompanied side effects in rats].
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of various dosage of dexamethasone (Dex) in accelerating fetal lung maturation and the accompanied side effects. METHOD: Sixty time-bred Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of the four groups (15 rats each group). They were given normal saline 0.8 ml (group A); Dex 0.2 mg (group B); Dex 0.4 mg (group C); Dex 0.8 mg (group D) IH, separated for 4 times on gestational day 15, 16. ten rats in each group were killed and hysterectomy were made immediately on day 17. The neonate breathing scale and their lung were observed and scored; the amniotic lamellar bodies (LB) were counted to assess the preterm fetal lung maturation. The remaining 5 rats in each group delivered naturally. The mother rats' condition in perinatal period, the birth weight of their neonates, and the structure of the livers and adrenal glands of the neonates were recorded to assess the side effects of the drug. RESULTS: The scores of neonatal breathing scale in group A to D were: 1.4 +/- 0.5, 3.6 +/- 0.7, 4.2 +/- 0.5, 4.5 +/- 0.5; their lung histologic maturation degree: 1.4 +/- 0.6, 3.9 +/- 0.9, 4.2 +/- 0.7, 4.4 +/- 0.6; and the account of their amniotic LB were: (8.6 +/- 3.0), (30.2 +/- 4.2), (33.0 +/- 3.4), (35.8 +/- 2.7) x 10(9)/ml respectively. All the indexes in the three Dex groups were higher than group A, and there were no statistical difference among in the three Dex groups except the neonatal breathing scale scores, which were higher in the high dose group D than the low dose group B. When high dose Dex was used, there was a reductive tendency in mother rats weight and its ability to resist infectious disease; meanwhile, the birth weight of their neonates reduced, the number of stillbirth and neonate liver necrosis increased. CONCLUSION: By the preterm gravid rat model, low dosage of antenatal dexamethasone administration accelerate fetal lung maturation to the extent equally to the middle even high doses of the drug. When high dosage of Dex was administered, the increasing side effects on the mother rats and their fetuses were accompanied.
Animals↗
[Study on the differentiation of K562 cell-line induced by Tanshinone II A].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Tanshinone II A on K562 cell-line and its possible mechanism. METHODS: Cell culture, cytomorphology and cytometrics were used. RESULTS: The proliferative inhibition of K562 cells induced by Tanshinone II A was dose-independent, and the degrees of erythroid differentiation induced by 30 nmol/L ACM and 0.5 microgram/ml Tanshinone II A were not statistically different (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Tanshinone II A has an inhibitive effect on the proliferation of K562 cells and an inductive effect on the differentiation of erythrocyte series. The mechanisms may be related to the changes of cell cycle and gene expressions.
Abietanes↗
[Studies on the floral morphology of Flos Lonicerae].
Pollen grains, petal, corolla tube and stigma of two species of Flos Lonicerae from 11 habitats in China were examined by the light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The difference between the species, Lonicera japonica and L. hypoglauca, existed in the pollen grains, colporates, exines and the omamentations. Characteristics obviously varied in different species and were closely related to geographic distribution among the species. The results might provide a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Genuine Crude Drug, and for the identification of varieties.
Flowers↗
[Effect of dan-shen, san-qi of different proportion on platelet aggregation and adhesion in normal rabbits].
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the crude extracts of Dan-shen root and San-qi of different proportion on platelet aggregation and adhesion in normal rabbits. METHOD: With rabbits, ig. (4d, exsanguinated via carotid artery, percentage of platelet aggregation and adhesion was measured. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: Aspirin (4.4 mg/Kg) could markedly inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion in normal rabbit. The proportions of Dan-shen root/San-qi (10:0, 10:1, 10:3, 10:6, 1:10) could markedly inhibit platelet aggregation, among which 10:3 was the best. San-qi alone had little effect on aggregation. The proportions of Dan-shen root/San-qi (10:3, 10:6, 0:10) could markedly inhibit platelet adhesion, among which 0:10 was the best, and the proportions(10:0, 10:1, 1:10) had little effect.
Animals↗