Biomedical subjects

Tomislav Preveden

Publications and source records attributed to Tomislav Preveden.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical importance of adenoviral infections].

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this article was to point to ubiquitous adenoviral infections and to give a literature overview. Adenoviral infections present with a variety of clinical manifestations, causing many differential diagnosis problems. DIAGNOSIS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY: In our country diagnosis is made using the complement fixation test (CFT), which detects antibodies due to soluble group specific antigen. In acute infections, we need two sera samples given in 2 weeks period with 4-fold rise or fall in titers. Due to many asymptomatic infections which can given increased titer by CFT, many physicians think that patients have a persistent infection. Persistent adenoviral infections need not be accompanied by any special clinical symptomatology. However, adenoviral infections still play an important role in acute respiratory infections. The most severe respiratory infection is pneumonia which can be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. Disseminated adenoviral diseases appear in 2.5% of all adenoviral infections with the same percentage between immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons. In immunocompromised persons adenoviral infections manifest as haemorrhagic cystitis, fulminant or acute hepatitis or meningoencephalitis. THERAPY AND CONCLUSION: We still don't have a special treatment for these kinds of infections. Variety of antiviral drugs with controversial effects have been reported in management of adenoviral infections in immunocompromised persons. In USA adenoviral vaccine has been excluded from vaccine schedules among military personnel, but morbidity and the first two deaths due to these infections in the last 30 years reported by MMWR in 2000, may change this policy.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Serologic profile of Epstein-Barr virus infection in acute infectious mononucleosis.

The aim of our study was to determine classes of antibodies in different clinical forms of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) primary infections. The investigation included 100 patients with acute mononucleosis who were hospitalized at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases in Novi Sad during 1995-1997. Apart from clinical and laboratory parameters, 5 different ELISA assays were performed: IgM EBVVCA, IgG EBVVCA, IgG EBNA, IgA EBVEA and IgG EBVEA. All patients were IgM EBVVCA positive, only 42% IgG EBVVCA positive and 6% IgG EBNA positive. Antibodies due to EBVEA IgA were established in 58% of patients and IgG class in 41%. Serologic profile of early EBV primary infection was established in 25%, acute EBV primary infection in 69% and late EBV primary infection in 6%. A statistically significant difference regarding absolute lymphocyte count and serologic response to early antigens of EBV infection was established in patients with positive findings. Clinical findings in the throat correlated with serologic response to early EBV proteins. We didn't find any correlation due to duration of illness, fever, clinical forms of EBV primary infection and liver damage. Paul Bunnell test was positive only in 42% of our patients, with significantly higher number of negative results in groups of early and late EBV primary infections.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic infectious mononucleosis].

INTRODUCTION: Chronic infectious mononucleosis is a clinical entity recognized 15 years ago with clearly defined serological criteria: high titres of IgG Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) virus capsid antigen (VCA), IgG EBV early antigen without IgG Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) antibodies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This follow-up study lasted for 2 years and included 100 acute infectious mononucleosis patients who were investigated every 6 months. Apart from physical examination we evaluated history, complete blood count and liver function together with 5 commercial ELISA tests: IgM EBV VCA, IgG EBV VCA, IgG EB NA, IgG EBV EA and IgA EBV EA. RESULTS: Although malaise and fatigue with cervical lymphoadenopathy were the most frequent symptoms, their statistical significance was most established. All laboratory analyses were completely normal during the follow-up period, but there were four patients with acute hepatitis due to hepatitis A virus and adenoviruses. After 6 months of acute illness, two patients without IgG EB NA antibodies who were candidates for chronic disease, presented no other serological findings for chronic disease. It was confirmed that they had delayed serological response due to EBV infection, because one year later they had a completely normal immune status on EBV infection. CONCLUSION: Chronic infectious mononucleosis seems to be an extraordinary event after acute disease. This conclusion corresponds with literature reports of sporadic cases of this disease.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical characteristics of coinfection with hepatitis C virus in HIV-positive patients].

INTRODUCTION: Patients with HIV are commonly coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) mostly due to similar routes of transmission, especially in areas with high prevalence of intravenous drug use. In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), life expectancy of these patients has increased and end-stage liver disease is a common cause of death. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 387 HIV-positive patients treated at the Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases "Dr. Kosta Todorović" in Belgrade. We investigated epidemiological and clinical features of patients who underwent biochemical liver tests, ultrasonography and some of them blind liver biopsies. RESULTS: The prevalence of HCV infection among these patients was 58.13% with 225/387 ELISA anti-HCV-antibody positive patients. HCV coinfection was statistically more significant among male patients aged between 30 and 34, and among intravenous drug users. None of the biochemical parameters were statistically significant among coinfected patients, except aminotraspherase levels which were significantly higher among patients with chronic hepatitis C and HIV. 44 patients underwent biopsy and pathohistological findings showed that every 4th patient (25%) had chronic hepatitis C infection. The average survival rate in coinfected patients in the pre HAART era was the same as in AIDS patients. CONCLUSIONS: Liver biopsy, elevated aminotraspherase and positive serology can help in making the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C, and possible future treatment options.

Adult↗