Biomedical subjects

Tomoo Okada

Publications and source records attributed to Tomoo Okada.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Detection of myocardial contractile reserve by low-dose dobutamine quantitative gated single-photon emission computed tomography in patients with Kawasaki disease and severe coronary artery lesions.

We studied 24 patients with severe coronary artery lesions to assess myocardial perfusion and left ventricular contractile reserve simultaneously using low-dose dobutamine quantitative electrocardiographically gated single-photon emission computed tomography in patients with Kawasaki disease. Low-dose dobutamine infusion was started after an injection of technetium-99m tetrofosmin at rest. Myocardial contractile reserve was evaluated using the post-stress and low-dose dobutamine images, and myocardial perfusion was evaluated using the stress and rest images. Quantitative electrocardiographically gated single-photon emission computed tomography during low-dose dobutamine infusion is a useful and safe method for the combined evaluation of myocardial contractile reserve and myocardial perfusion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Body fat ratios in urban Chinese children.

OBJECTIVE: As obesity has been increasing in China, the present study examined the body composition of children to assess their fatness. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 532 healthy schoolchildren who lived in central Beijing were examined. Skinfold thicknesses, hip and waist circumferences, and body fat percentage were measured, as well as height and weight. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight (Body Mass Index (BMI) >or= 95% for age and sex of Chinese children) was 27.7% in boys and 14.2% in girls (chi-squared; P = 0.0001). The percentages of body fat (BF%), waist/hip ratios and skinfold thicknesses ratios (subscapular/triceps) in overweight children were significantly higher than those in non-overweight children (Mann-Whitney U-test). The BF% of non-overweight boys was significantly higher than that of non-overweight girls. CONCLUSION: Urban Chinese overweight children have high BF% with adverse fat distribution. They may have high risk of atherogeniety. Boys in the non-overweight category may have higher fat accumulation than predicted by BMI. The establishment of an intervention program for childhood obesity is strongly recommended.

Body Composition↗

PubMed2003

Criteria for medical intervention in obese children: a new definition of 'obesity disease' in Japanese children.

The Committee of the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity reported the new criteria for 'obesity disease' for Japanese adults in 2000. We defined the criteria for the diagnosis of obesity in children with medical problems, corresponding to the 'obesity disease' criteria in adults. Obesity in childhood was defined as follows: percentage of overweight (POW) and body fat exceeded the criteria. 'Obesity disease in childhood' was defined as obesity associated with health or medical problems, and with indications for medical intervention. Medical problems with indications for immediate intervention were grouped as A problems, which consisted of (i). hypertension; (ii). sleep apnea or hypoventilation; (iii). Type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance; and (iv). increased waist circumference or accumulation of visceral adipose tissue. Metabolic derangements or equivalent associated with obesity were grouped as B problems: (i). liver dysfunction; (ii). hyperinsulinemia; (iii). hypercholesterolemia; (iv). hypertriglyceridemia; (v). low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; (vi). acanthosis nigricans, and (vii). hyperuricemia. Obese children over 5 years of age with following conditions were diagnosed as 'obesity disease in childhood': (i). any 'A problem', (ii) POW >or= 50% and any 'B problem', or (3) POW < 50% and more than one 'B problem' or equivalent. We decided to take physicosocial problems related to obesity into consideration as the criteria. The resultant criteria are proposed by the Committee for Research of Appropriate Body Build in Children*.

Asian People↗

PubMed2003

Screening for familial combined hyperlipidemia in children using lipid phenotypes.

The purpose of this study was to screen for FCHL in children using serum lipid phenotypes. The subjects were 1190 (599 male, 591 female) children who participated in a screening and care program for life style-related diseases in school children. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride were determined, and information on the family history of parents was obtained by questionnaire. Candidates for FCHL were screened by the following criteria; type IIb hyperlipidemia, type IIa hyperlipidemia with positive family history of CHD, hyperlipidemia or both. We informed them of the results by mail. A second series of examinations to diagnose FCHL was performed on volunteer participants, including their parents. The candidates consisted of 9 children with type IIb and 27 with type IIa hyperlipidemia, 11 of whom participated, in the second series of examinations, in which 5 children were diagnosed with FCHL. The prevalence was 0.4%, suggesting that at least half of all individuals with FCHL already demonstrate hyperlipidemia in childhood.

Child↗

PubMed2002

New criteria of normal serum lipid levels in Japanese children: the nationwide study.

AIM: To make new criteria of serum lipid levels in current Japanese children using the large nationwide data provided from Japan Association of Health Service for the analysis. METHODS: The subjects were schoolchildren who received screening and care programs for lifestyle related diseases since 1993-1999. Serum total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) levels were calculated. Serum lipid levels were analyzed by age and sex. For each serum lipid, we extracted age- and sex-specific group which the mean value was not statistically different from that in 1999 by Student's t-test analysis. RESULTS: The level below the 75th percentile was defined to be acceptable, from the 75th to 95th to be borderline and over the 95th to be high in TC/LDLC. The level below the fifth percentile in HDLC was defined to be low and the level over the 95th percentile in TG to be high. Therefore, TC level was categorized as follows: acceptable < 190 mg/dL; borderline 190-219 mg/dL; and high > 220 mg/dL. The LDLC level was also categorized into: acceptable < 110 mg/dL; borderline 110-139 mg/dL; and high > 140 mg/dL. The cut-off value in TG was determined to be 140 mg/dL and in HDLC was 40 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS: This new criteria should prove valuable in health strategies for rational prevention and intervention in children. It should be emphasized to provide some intervention for Japanese children immediately.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Waist-to-height ratio is the best predictor of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Japanese schoolchildren.

In adults, visceral fat accumulation is an important indicator for cardiovascular disease risk. This relationship is not fully understood in children. To determine the best predictor of cardiovascular disease risk factors among anthropometric indices such as body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (%Fat), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio (W/Ht ratio) in Japanese schoolchildren. This study included 880 children (447 boys and 433 girls), 9-13y of age. Dependent variables were total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), atherogenic index (AI), life style related disease prevention score, and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. The strongest correlation was found between W/Ht ratio and the score by Pearson's correlation analysis. Multiple regression analysis showed that significant independent correlates for the score included W/Ht ratio and %Fat. Among the anthropometric indices, W/Ht ratio was the most significant predictor for TC, TG, LDLC, AI, and the score. W/Ht ratio is the best predictor of cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese schoolchildren. We propose using W/Ht ratio for detecting cardiovascular disease risk in children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) in children: the significance of early development of hyperapoB lipoproteinemia, obesity and aging.

It is not easy to make diagnose FCHL in children, since a clear expression of lipoprotein abnormality is unlikely and standard criteria have not yet been established. We investigated eight cases of childhood FCHL and their families with respect to familial history, anthropometric parameters and serum lipoprotein levels, to explore the characteristics of childhood FCHL. To diagnose childhood FCHL it is necessary to clarify both the family history and lipid profiles of the parents. In this study, two prominent features were suggested; that serum TG level is affected by both obesity and age, and also in particular, that a significantly elevated level of serum apoB is a predominant feature of FCHL in childhood. It was found that hyperapoB may be revealed antecedently without other lipid abnormalities at an early age. Regardless of other lipoprotein abnormality, it was suggested that hyperapoB might be added to the early diagnostic criteria for FCHL.

Adult↗